Determinants of cumulative fertility in Kenya

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
William K. A. Agyei ◽  
Joseph Mbamanya
Keyword(s):  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Fertility Survey ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Main Determinant ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Cumulative Fertility ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
Using Data

SummaryThis paper analyses the effects of age at first marriage, level of education, place of residence, marriage disruption, religion, contraceptive use, and work status on cumulative fertility in Kenya, using data from the 1977–78 Kenya Fertility Survey. Age at first marriage is the main determinant of cumulative fertility, but there are significant effects of level of education and marriage disruption. Place of residence is only significant for the Coast province. The implication of the findings is that to promote any real decline in fertility, emphasis should be placed on providing higher education and work opportunities for young women as an alternative to early marriage.

SOCIAL–DEMOGRAPHIC INFLUENCE ON FIRST BIRTH INTERVAL IN CHINA, 1980–1992

2000 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZHENG ZHENZHEN
Keyword(s):  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Live Birth ◽  
Birth Interval ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
First Birth ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
First Child ◽  
Social Demographic

This study examines the delay between first marriage and first live birth in China among a sample of women who married between 1980 and 1992. Most couples in China only use contraception after the first child is born. Most sample women had their first child within 2 years of marriage. However, there are significant rural–urban differences in the first birth interval, indicating that there was most probably deliberate fertility regulation after marriage among many urban couples. Survival analysis shows that place of residence, level of education, age at first marriage and marriage cohort affect the first birth interval.

Family socio-cultural values affecting early marriage between Muslim and Santal communities in rural Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 141-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Emaj Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Cultural Theory ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Rural Bangladesh ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage

Purpose – Family socio-cultural values and its practices have pervasive effects on early age at first marriage in every society. The purpose of this paper is to examine and compare how family socio-cultural values and its practices exert effect on early age at first marriage between Muslim and Santal couples in rural Bangladesh. Design/methodology/approach – First of all through snow-ball process and checking of marriage documents the author carefully identified 598 couples from Muslim and 560 from Santal who were married the first time between 1995 and 2005 years and whose age range was 12-48 years for husbands and 10-45 years for wives. Then, 585 pairs of couples (295 for Muslim and 290 for Santal) were randomly selected from the Talonda of Rajshahi district, Bangladesh. Data were collected, applying interview method with semi-structural questionnaire in family setting. Then the collected data were analyzed, using χ2 test and binary logistic regression (BLR) technique. Findings – The frequency distribution showed that most of the Santal couples compared to the Muslim ones were married before the minimum legal age in Bangladesh. The results of χ2 test of the frequency distribution were significant at p<0.01 and p<0.05 level. In addition, results of BLR analysis suggested that early age at first marriage was significantly (p<0.01 and p<0.05) associated with family socio-cultural values studied. It is argued that ethnicity, family pattern, residence pattern, illiteracy and ascriptive occupational status were the risk factors to persist early marriage among the Santal couples than the Muslim ones in rural Bangladesh. Practical implications – Although the findings are suggestive to understand differences in early marriage associated with family socio-cultural values between the ethnic couples, further cross-cultural study should be conducted on how socio-psychological factors affect early marriage between the ethnic groups. In spite of the limitations these findings may have implications in comparative social policy practice to prevent early marriage associated with changes in family socio-cultural values between the ethnic groups in Bangladesh. Originality/value – The findings in the paper are original in linking between family socio-cultural theory, its related policy and practice to prevent early marriage between the ethnic couples in Bangladesh.

Fertility decline in Tanzania

1994 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akim J. Mturi ◽  
P. R. Andrew Hinde
Keyword(s):  
Child Mortality ◽  
Fertility Decline ◽  
Mortality Level ◽  
Proximate Determinant ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
The Social ◽  
Infant And Child Mortality ◽  
Demographic Correlates

SummaryAccording to the 1991/92 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey, a Tanzanian woman has, on average, 6·1 births before she reaches age 50, a decline of about one birth per woman since the early 1980s. The major proximate determinant of fertility is universal and prolonged breastfeeding. An analysis of the social and demographic correlates of fertility shows that infant and child mortality, level of education and age at first marriage are among the factors which significantly influence fertility in Tanzania.

Age at first marriage and fertility in rural Anhui, China

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quanhe Yang
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Population Control ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Fertility Survey ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Family Planning Programme ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
The Family ◽  
Future Population

SummaryThis paper examines the changing nuptiality pattern of rural China, particularly rural Anhui in relation to the planned social changes since 1949 and their effect on fertility. The data are from the 1/1000 Fertility Survey of China, conducted by the Family Planning Commission in 1982. Before the family planning programme was introduced to rural Anhui (1972), the changing nuptiality pattern was indirectly affected by the planned social changes; after 1972, the substantial increase in age at first marriage was mainly due to the family planning programme. More recently, the centrally controlled social structure is loosening, due to the economic reform and the nuptiality pattern seems to join the 1972 trend, suggesting that the dramatic change of nuptiality pattern during the early 1970s to early 1980s was a temporary one. But its effect on fertility is clear, and the shortening interval between marriage and first birth may bring difficulties for future population control in rural China.

scholarly journals Correlates of Fertility in a Low Contraception Setting: A Study of Ogu of South-Western Nigeria

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Onipede Wusu
Keyword(s):  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Fertility Transition ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Spousal Communication ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
Modern Contraceptive Use ◽  
Children Ever Born

Total fertility rate in Nigeria is 5.7 compared with over 8 in the past. Modern contraceptive use within marriage is very low and socio-economic development is still crawling. What factors account for this fragile transition? This question is the focus of this study. The study examines the socioeconomic and cultural factors that account for fertility transition in the country. Data were gathered through a survey conducted among the Ogu of south-western Nigeria. Analysis employed descriptive statistical tools and Ordinary Least Square model. Analysis reveals that post primary education (especially among women), spousal discussion about family size, monogamous marriage and age at first marriage were inversely related to children ever born (CEB) among men and female respondents. The result suggests that moderate improvement in these factors are likely responsible for the fragile transition. Therefore, policies to raise literacy level especially among women, increase age at first marriage, promote monogamous marriage and spousal communication may accelerate the fragile transition in the country.

scholarly journals Karakteristik Sosial Ekonomi dan Kesehatan Maternal

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Rindang Ekawati
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Health ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Birth Attendance ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Government

Kesehatan maternal yang tergolong tinggi di Indonesia merupakan indikator keberhasilan pembangunan pada Millenium Development Goals yang terus diupayakan untuk diperbaiki. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubunganantara karakteristik sosial, demografi, dan ekonomi dengan tingkat kesehatan ibu. Penelitian yang menggunakan sumber data sekunder Survei Demografi Kesehatan di Jawa Barat yang mencakup 86 blok sensus yang meliputi 2.150 rumah tangga meliputi 1.100 rumah tangga di perkotaan dan 1.050 rumah tangga di pedesaan. Jumlah sampel terpilih adalah 1.720 wanita pernah kawin berumur 15 – 49 tahun. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif analitik dan uji kai kuadrat. Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara umur ibu, pendidikan ibu, dan indeks kesejahteraan dengan pemilihan tenaga penolong persalinan oleh tenaga kesehatan. Juga terdapat hubunganyang signifikan antara kesertaan dalam program KeluargaBerencana dengan umur ibu, pendidikan, dan indeks kesejahteraan. Tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara kesertaan ber-KB dengan daerah tempat tinggal dan jumlah anak yang masih hidup. Terdapat hubungan signifikanantara tempat persalinan dengan daerah tempat tinggal, tingkat pendidikan ibu, indeks kesejahtaraan, serta jumlah anak yang masih hidup.Kata kunci: Sosial ekonomi, kesehatan maternal, pemakaian kontrasepsiAbstractHigh level of maternal health in Indonesia is one of Millenium Development Goal’s indicators, so that the government continually put this variable as priority to be improved. This study attempted to know the relationship between social, demographic, and economic characteristics with maternalhealth. Data source is obtained from Demographic and Health Survey 2007, West Java Province, which included 86 census blocks, 2.150 households. Among 2.150 households, 1.100 live in urban area, while 1.050 in rural area. Total selected sample is 1.720 ever married women aged between 15 – 49 years old. This research using chi-square test to observed whether thereis a significant relationship between age, level of education, and wealth indexes with birth attendance. There is also significant relationship between contraceptive use with women’s age, level of education, and level of wealth indexes. While, there is no significant relationship between contraceptiveuse with place of residence and number of children alive. According to the result, there is significant relationship beetween place of birth delivery with place of residence, level of education, wealth indexes, and number of children alive.Key words: Socioeconomic, maternal health, contraceptive use

scholarly journals Adult mortality in preindustrial Quebec

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudine Lacroix ◽  
Bertrand Desjardins
Keyword(s):  
Adult Mortality ◽  
Life Tables ◽  
New France ◽  
Differential Mortality ◽  
French Canadians ◽  
Rank Tests ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Gender Type

This paper presents the main results of a detailed study on adult mortality in French Canadians born before 1750 and having married inthe colony of New France. Using data from parish registers, mortality is studied using abridged life tables, with staggered entries according to age at first marriage. Survival tables and log-Rank tests are used to support the results. Three features were selected for the study of differential mortality: gender, type of residence area (urban or rural), and cohort. The mortality of French Canadians is compared to that of their French contemporaries.

Socio-demographic changes in age at first marriage in Malawi: evidence from Malawi Demographic and Health Survey data, 1992–2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 832-845
Author(s):  
Ololade Julius Baruwa ◽  
Acheampong Yaw Amoateng ◽  
Elizabeth Biney
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
Health Survey Data

AbstractThis study aimed to identify the social and demographic correlates of the trend in age at first marriage among women in Malawi, using Malawi Demographic and Health Survey data collected between 1992 and 2016. Employing Cox Proportional Hazard modelling, the results showed that the mean age at first marriage during the 18-year period remained constant at 17.4 years. Furthermore, across all the surveys, younger women married at an early age compared with their older counterparts. The results further showed that having no education, residing in the Northern region, working, belonging to the middle and rich wealth index categories, and belonging to Tumbuka, Lomwe, Yao, Ngoni and Amanganja/Anyanja ethnicities increased the risk of early marriage. The findings suggest that policies such as promoting access to education for women and enforcing the law that restricts the legal age at which a woman can marry (18 years) should be maintained and enforced in Malawi.

Socioeconomic Determinants of Age at First Marriage in Bangladesh

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraf Uddin Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Women's Education ◽  
The Other ◽  
Work Status ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Marriage Age ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Socioeconomic Determinants ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage

SummaryThis study examines the factors affecting age at first marriage—place of residence, education, premarital work status, religion, husband's childhood residence, education and occupation. Women's education appears to be the strongest determinant of variation in marriage age, and all the other factors show statistically significant influences.

scholarly journals Early marriage and women’s empowerment: the case of child-brides in Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikyas Abera ◽  
Ansha Nega ◽  
Yifokire Tefera ◽  
Abebaw Addis Gelagay
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Household Decision ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Household Decision Making ◽  
Regional State ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Child Brides

Abstract Background Women, especially those who marry as children, experience various forms and degrees of exclusion and discrimination. Early marriage is a harmful traditional practice that continues to affect millions around the world. Though it has declined over the years, it is still pervasive in developing countries. In Ethiopia, Amhara National Regional State (or alternatively Amhara region) hosts the largest share of child-brides in the country. This study aimed at assessing the effects of early marriage on its survivors’ life conditions – specifically, empowerment and household decision-making – in western Amhara. Methods This study employed community-based cross-sectional study design. It adopted mixed method approach – survey, in-depth interview and focus group discussion (FGD) – to collect, analyse and interpret data on early marriage and its effects on household decision-making processes. The survey covered 1278 randomly selected respondents, and 14FGDs and 6 in-depth interviews were conducted. Statistical procedures – frequency distribution, Chi-square, logistic regression – were used to test, compare and establish associations between survey results on women empowerment for two groups of married women based on age at first marriage i.e., below 18 and at/after 18. Narratives and analytical descriptions were integrated to substantiate and/or explain observed quantitative results, or generate contextual themes. Results This study reported that women married at/after 18 were more involved in household decision-making processes than child-brides. Child-brides were more likely to experience various forms of spousal abuse and violence in married life. The study results illustrated how individual-level changes, mainly driven by age at first marriage, interplay with structural factors to define the changing status and roles of married women in the household and community. Conclusion Age at first marriage significantly affected empowerment at household level, and women benefited significantly from delaying marriage. Increase in age did not automatically and unilaterally empowered women in marriage, however, since age entails a cultural definition of one’s position in society and its institutions. We recommend further research to focus on the nexus between the household and the social-structural forms that manifest at individual and community levels, and draw insights to promote women’s wellbeing and emancipation.

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