Family socio-cultural values affecting early marriage between Muslim and Santal communities in rural Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 141-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Emaj Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Cultural Theory ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Rural Bangladesh ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage

Purpose – Family socio-cultural values and its practices have pervasive effects on early age at first marriage in every society. The purpose of this paper is to examine and compare how family socio-cultural values and its practices exert effect on early age at first marriage between Muslim and Santal couples in rural Bangladesh. Design/methodology/approach – First of all through snow-ball process and checking of marriage documents the author carefully identified 598 couples from Muslim and 560 from Santal who were married the first time between 1995 and 2005 years and whose age range was 12-48 years for husbands and 10-45 years for wives. Then, 585 pairs of couples (295 for Muslim and 290 for Santal) were randomly selected from the Talonda of Rajshahi district, Bangladesh. Data were collected, applying interview method with semi-structural questionnaire in family setting. Then the collected data were analyzed, using χ2 test and binary logistic regression (BLR) technique. Findings – The frequency distribution showed that most of the Santal couples compared to the Muslim ones were married before the minimum legal age in Bangladesh. The results of χ2 test of the frequency distribution were significant at p<0.01 and p<0.05 level. In addition, results of BLR analysis suggested that early age at first marriage was significantly (p<0.01 and p<0.05) associated with family socio-cultural values studied. It is argued that ethnicity, family pattern, residence pattern, illiteracy and ascriptive occupational status were the risk factors to persist early marriage among the Santal couples than the Muslim ones in rural Bangladesh. Practical implications – Although the findings are suggestive to understand differences in early marriage associated with family socio-cultural values between the ethnic couples, further cross-cultural study should be conducted on how socio-psychological factors affect early marriage between the ethnic groups. In spite of the limitations these findings may have implications in comparative social policy practice to prevent early marriage associated with changes in family socio-cultural values between the ethnic groups in Bangladesh. Originality/value – The findings in the paper are original in linking between family socio-cultural theory, its related policy and practice to prevent early marriage between the ethnic couples in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Masalah Kesehatan Ibu Dan Anak Pada Pernikahan Usia Dini Di Beberapa Etnis Indonesia; Dampak Dan Pencegahannya

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-283
Author(s):  
Herti Windya Puspasari ◽  
Indah Pawitaningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Maternal And Child Health ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Reliable Source ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Child Health

The negative impact of early age marriage in Indonesia is the risk maternal and infant mortality by 30%, as many as 56% of adolescent girls experienced domestic violence, only 5.6% of adolescents with early marriage still continue schooling after marriage. This article arrange by further analysis and literature review of the ethnographic research book series on the Center for Research and Development in Humanities and Management Health, NIHRD. This article aim to determine the impact of early marriage on the maternal and child health in several ethnic groups in Indonesia and about the prevention. Cases of early marriage still occur in many ethnic groups in Indonesia and contribute to mortality and morbidity for mothers and children. The impact of early marriage on maternal and child health includes miscarriage, premature, bleeding and maternal death. They must get a education health about repoduction health from reliable source. It is necessary for the government’s role to provide education about reproductive health and positive activities to avoid early age marriage. Especially in districs that have high rates of early age marriage. Abstrak Dampak negatif dari pernikahan dini di Indonesia  adalah risiko kematian ibu dan bayi sebesar 30 %, 56% remaja perempuan mengalami Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga, dan hanya 5,6% remaja dengan pernikahan dini yang masih melanjutkan sekolah setelah kawin.  Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk mengetahui dampak pernikahan usia dini terhadap kesehatan ibu dan anak di beberapa etnis di Indonesia serta pencegahannya. Artikel dibuat berdasarkan analisis lanjut dan kajian literatur dari buku seri riset etnografi Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Humaniora dan Manajemen Kesehatan, Badan Litbang Kesehatan. Kasus pernikahan dini masih banyak terjadi di berbagai etnis di Indonesia dan menyumbang angka kematian dan kesakitan bagi Ibu dan Anak. Dampak pernikahan dini terhadap kesehatan ibu dan anak antara lain, terjadinya keguguran, kelahiran premature, perdarahan hingga kematian ibu. Sebaiknya remaja memiliki pengetahuan mengenai pentingnya kesehatan reproduksi dan mendapatkan pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi yang benar dan layak dari sumber yang terpercaya. Perlu peran pemerintah untuk memberikan edukasi tentang kesehatan reproduksi dan kegiatan-kegiatan yang positif untuk menghindari pernikahan dini.  Edukaski tersebut khususnya untuk masyarakat di daerah yang memiliki angka pernikahan dini yang cukup tinggi.

scholarly journals Exploring cultural values in conflict management: a qualitative study of university heads of departments

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Babatunde Akanji ◽  
Chima Mordi ◽  
Hakeem Ajonbadi ◽  
Olatunji David Adekoya
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Management ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Cultural Theory ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Knowledge Area ◽  
Conflict Handling ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact

PurposeIn seeking to understand the impact of culture on conflict management (CM), extant organisational management research has, for the most part, confined itself to using the one-dimensional collectivism/individualism model of Hofstede's cultural theory. The purpose of this present study is to extend this knowledge area by adopting the more comprehensive analysis of Hofstede's fourfold dimensional typology – power distance, individualism/collectivism, uncertainty avoidance and masculinity/femininity – as a conceptual lens to investigate how national culture impacts the interpersonal CM of those in leadership positions in higher education institutions. Specifically, this article explores the extent to which cultural values influence the CM practices of university heads of departments (HODs).Design/methodology/approachAdopting a qualitative approach, 36 interviews were conducted with heads of different departments across a variety of disciplines in selected Nigerian universities.FindingsThe study's results conceptualise how underlying cultural norms – promoting paternalism, servility and social relations – influence the conflict-handling strategies adopted by university HODs. It consequently emerged from the thematic analysis that in Nigeria, conflict-handling decisions are shaped by status-based dictates, a normative emphasis on communality, masculine hegemony and religious motivation – as opposed to Western cultures, where these benevolent and integrative values play a far smaller role.Research limitations/implicationsThe study focussed on a small group of research subjects. Although the sample is not a sample that enables generalisation, the findings provide theoretical insights into how cultural ascendancy could frame conflict resolutions. This research is especially relevant as it runs in a culture significantly different from the ones that originally were investigated and in which managerial books and mainstream practices emerged and, thus, can contribute to challenge and enhance theory.Originality/valueThe study seeks to advance knowledge of the interface between culture and CM in a sub-Saharan African context where literature is scarce.

Socio-demographic changes in age at first marriage in Malawi: evidence from Malawi Demographic and Health Survey data, 1992–2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 832-845
Author(s):  
Ololade Julius Baruwa ◽  
Acheampong Yaw Amoateng ◽  
Elizabeth Biney
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
Health Survey Data

AbstractThis study aimed to identify the social and demographic correlates of the trend in age at first marriage among women in Malawi, using Malawi Demographic and Health Survey data collected between 1992 and 2016. Employing Cox Proportional Hazard modelling, the results showed that the mean age at first marriage during the 18-year period remained constant at 17.4 years. Furthermore, across all the surveys, younger women married at an early age compared with their older counterparts. The results further showed that having no education, residing in the Northern region, working, belonging to the middle and rich wealth index categories, and belonging to Tumbuka, Lomwe, Yao, Ngoni and Amanganja/Anyanja ethnicities increased the risk of early marriage. The findings suggest that policies such as promoting access to education for women and enforcing the law that restricts the legal age at which a woman can marry (18 years) should be maintained and enforced in Malawi.

scholarly journals Early marriage and women’s empowerment: the case of child-brides in Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikyas Abera ◽  
Ansha Nega ◽  
Yifokire Tefera ◽  
Abebaw Addis Gelagay
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Household Decision ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Household Decision Making ◽  
Regional State ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Child Brides

Abstract Background Women, especially those who marry as children, experience various forms and degrees of exclusion and discrimination. Early marriage is a harmful traditional practice that continues to affect millions around the world. Though it has declined over the years, it is still pervasive in developing countries. In Ethiopia, Amhara National Regional State (or alternatively Amhara region) hosts the largest share of child-brides in the country. This study aimed at assessing the effects of early marriage on its survivors’ life conditions – specifically, empowerment and household decision-making – in western Amhara. Methods This study employed community-based cross-sectional study design. It adopted mixed method approach – survey, in-depth interview and focus group discussion (FGD) – to collect, analyse and interpret data on early marriage and its effects on household decision-making processes. The survey covered 1278 randomly selected respondents, and 14FGDs and 6 in-depth interviews were conducted. Statistical procedures – frequency distribution, Chi-square, logistic regression – were used to test, compare and establish associations between survey results on women empowerment for two groups of married women based on age at first marriage i.e., below 18 and at/after 18. Narratives and analytical descriptions were integrated to substantiate and/or explain observed quantitative results, or generate contextual themes. Results This study reported that women married at/after 18 were more involved in household decision-making processes than child-brides. Child-brides were more likely to experience various forms of spousal abuse and violence in married life. The study results illustrated how individual-level changes, mainly driven by age at first marriage, interplay with structural factors to define the changing status and roles of married women in the household and community. Conclusion Age at first marriage significantly affected empowerment at household level, and women benefited significantly from delaying marriage. Increase in age did not automatically and unilaterally empowered women in marriage, however, since age entails a cultural definition of one’s position in society and its institutions. We recommend further research to focus on the nexus between the household and the social-structural forms that manifest at individual and community levels, and draw insights to promote women’s wellbeing and emancipation.

scholarly journals Hubungan Paritas dan Menikah Usia Dini dengan Hasil Pemeriksaan Inspeksi Visual Asam Asetat (IVA)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-91
Author(s):  
Sri Sumarni ◽  
Laylatul Hasanah
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Community Health Center ◽  
Precancerous Lesion ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage

Cervical cancer is a neoplasm or malignancy in the cervix. The problem of cervical cancer in Indonesia is very distinctive, namely that many and more than 70% of cases are found at an advanced stage when they come to the hospital. One of the screening tools for cervical cancer is the IVA method. A positive IVA test is thought to be a precancerous lesion. IVA stands for Acetic Acid Visual Inspection. This method of examination is done by smearing the cervix or cervix with acetic acid. According to a preliminary study at Puskesmas Rubaru Kab. Sumenep found that from the results of the IVA examination, there were 10 women who tested positive for the IVA test (12%). The aim of this study was to analyze multiple children and sexual relations at a young age with the results of the IVA test. This research method is analytic with cross sectional approach. The total population is 72 people, the sample of this study is based on a sample size formula of 60 people who meet the inclusion criteria. The results showed that most of the age at first marriage were WUS ≤ 16 years, as many as 36 WUS (60%), almost half of WUS had children> 1 x, namely 18 WUS (30%), and a small proportion of WUS got positive results during the examination IVA tests were 10 WUS (16.7%). Based on the statistical test of each variable, it shows p value <α, so that H1 is rejected, meaning that there is a relationship between parity and early marriage with the results of the IVA test at the Rubaru Community Health Center, Rubaru District, Sumenep Regency.

Culture and entrepreneurial intentions of Madagascan ethnic groups

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Urban ◽  
Fenosoa A Ratsimanetrimanana
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Causal Chain ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Perceived Desirability

Purpose – This paper aims to delve deeper into understanding to what extent does culture influence entrepreneurship by connecting the causal chain from cultural values to perceived desirability to entrepreneurial intention (EI). Cultural values form a central part of entrepreneurial discourse and have accordingly been the subject of several studies relating to EIs. Design/methodology/approach – The study takes place in an under-researched country, Madagascar, where instead of focussing on national culture a more nuanced approach is taken by studying several fine-grained groupings of culture at the ethnic level. Based on a survey, 2,220 responses are statistically analysed according to the three main ethnic groups in Madagascar. Findings – In terms of hypotheses testing, findings show that cultural dimensions influence the relationship between perceived desirability and EI only for the highlander ethnic group. Differences between the ethnic groups are also observed in terms of the indulgence-restraint cultural dimension. Practical implications – When encouraging entrepreneurship in Madagascar policymakers should take cognisance of the complexity of cultural factors among ethnic groups and the interrelationship between perceived desirability and intentions. Originality/value – This is one of the first studies to measure cultural values in Madagascar and include the indulgence-restraint cultural dimension. The study takes place in a multicultural, non-Western and predominantly necessity-based entrepreneurship context, where understanding the role that culture plays in shaping intentions can prove to be valuable.

scholarly journals The impact of girl child marriage on the completion of the first cycle of secondary education in Zimbabwe: A propensity score analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0252413
Author(s):  
Annah V. Bengesai ◽  
Lateef B. Amusa ◽  
Felix Makonye
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Analysis ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Child Marriage ◽  
Girl Child ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
The Impact

Background The association between girl child marriage and education is widely acknowledged; however, there is no large body of demographic studies from Zimbabwe that have addressed this aspect. This study aimed to examine the extent to which child marriage affects one academic milestone, i.e. completion of the Ordinary Level, the first cycle of high school, which is also the most critical indicator of educational achievement in Zimbabwe. Methods We used the 2015 Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey and extracted 2380 cases of ever-married women aged between 20–29 years. We applied a propensity score-based method, which allowed us to mimic a hypothetical experiment and estimate outcomes between treated and untreated subjects. Results Our results suggest that child age at first marriage is concentrated between the ages of 15–22, with the typical age at first marriage being 18 years. Both logistic regression and PSM models revealed that early marriage decreased the chances of completing the first cycle of high school. Regression adjustment produced an estimate of prevalence ratio (PR) of 0.446 (95% CI: 0.374–0.532), while PSM resulted in an estimate (PR = 0.381; 95% CI: 0.298–0.488). Conclusion These results have implications for Zimbabwe’s development policy and suggest that girl-child marriage is a significant barrier to educational attainment. If not addressed, the country will most likely fail to meet sustainable development Goal 4.2 and 5.3. Social change interventions that target adults and counter beliefs about adolescent sexuality and prepubescent marriage should be put in place. Moreover, interventions that keep teenage girls in school beyond the first cycle of high school should be prioritised.

Cultural values affect functional food perception

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 (8) ◽  
pp. 1700-1714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saugat Neupane ◽  
Ranga Chimhundu ◽  
K.C. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Food Perception ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between consumers’ cultural values and their functional food perception. Design/methodology/approach The research is qualitative in nature and uses the grounded theory method. The data were collected through in-depth interviews with three ethnic groups, Anglo-Australian, Chinese and Indian ethnic groups in Australia. The constant comparative data analysis approach was used to analyse the interview text. Findings The results indicate that there is a relationship between consumers’ cultural values and their functional food perception. Functional food perception depends upon the consumers’ predisposition towards their culture, their motives for functional food consumption and the level of perseverance towards functional foods. Research limitations/implications The study includes only three ethnic groups and is qualitative in nature, which may limit its generalisability to the universe. The inclusion of more ethnic groups and additional sources of data could form directions for future research. Practical implications Functional food marketers can assess the kind of cultural values the ethnic groups in Australia uphold and capture those values in their marketing strategies. The cultural values in the framework could be used for the segmentation of functional food consumers. In a multicultural setting like Australia, segmentation of consumers based on the standard values would be more feasible and effective to target consumers spread across different ethnic groups but who uphold similar values. Originality/value The research has attempted to fill the gap in the existing literature about the relationship between culture and functional food perception. The latent variables in the theoretical framework proposed by the qualitative enquiry can be a good starting point for understanding the influence of cultural values on functional food perception and the development of a more comprehensive theoretical framework for functional food behaviour.

Determinants of cumulative fertility in Kenya

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
William K. A. Agyei ◽  
Joseph Mbamanya
Keyword(s):  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Fertility Survey ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Main Determinant ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Cumulative Fertility ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
Using Data

SummaryThis paper analyses the effects of age at first marriage, level of education, place of residence, marriage disruption, religion, contraceptive use, and work status on cumulative fertility in Kenya, using data from the 1977–78 Kenya Fertility Survey. Age at first marriage is the main determinant of cumulative fertility, but there are significant effects of level of education and marriage disruption. Place of residence is only significant for the Coast province. The implication of the findings is that to promote any real decline in fertility, emphasis should be placed on providing higher education and work opportunities for young women as an alternative to early marriage.

scholarly journals Ethnic Fertility Differentials in Pakistan

1996 ◽  
Vol 35 (4II) ◽  
pp. 733-744
Author(s):  
Ali Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Policy Formation ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Age At First Marriage ◽  
Demand For Children

Pakistan is a country facing relatively high rates of population growth due to high fertility and decline in mortality rates. This is not only depleting scarce resources but also contributing significantly to environmental degradation. It is, therefore, desirable to know; why fertility rates in Pakistan remain high despite the nationwide family planning coverage since 1965? The objective of this study, therefore, is to establish trends and patterns of fertility among different ethnic groups (on the basis of languages spoken) in Pakistan. The study also explores the major reasons for different fertility behaviour. This is because; there are variety of languages spoken throughout the country having distinct norms, traditions and other customs which directly or indirectly influence fertility and fertility related decisions. The study found that the Balochi or Brohi speaking women had the most children, Sindhi and Pushto speaking women are the women with the second highest fertility levels, Punjabis with the lowest and Urdu speaking almost matching them. The study attributes the high fertility levels among some ethnic groups to low level of education, lower age at first marriage, higher demand for children and greater value placed on number of children. It is also found that fertility levels are high among those ethnic groups who have little knowledge and less use of contraceptives. On the basis of findings, study provides guideline to policy-makers, planners and family planning personnel’s for policy formation to facilitate reduction of fertility in particular context and to target specific sub-groups of population.

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