Farmers and the Market in Antebellum America: A View from the Georgia Upcountry

1987 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 627-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
David F. Weiman
Keyword(s):  
Local Development ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Capital Gains ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Market Development ◽  
Antebellum America ◽  
Market Production ◽  
Lower South ◽  
Western Half ◽  
Eastern Half

The Upcountry of the Lower South was located on the periphery of the antebellum cotton economy, but some of its subregions were integrated into the market system in the 1850s. An analysis of sample counties in the Georgia Upcountry demonstrates that the spread of market production into the western half of the region depended on local development which created opportunities for diversified market production and increased household wealth through capital gains on improvements. The absence of market development in the eastern half of the region, in contrast, limited the wealth of farm households, reinforcing their economic isolation.

scholarly journals Productivity of Ospreys, Pandion haliaetus, Affected by Water Levels Near Loon Lake, Saskatchewan, 1975-2002

2010 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
C. Stuart Houston ◽  
Frank Scott ◽  
Rob B. Tether
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Success ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Lake Levels ◽  
The West ◽  
Canadian Data ◽  
Human Use ◽  
The Town ◽  
Western Half ◽  
Eastern Half

Between 1975 and 2002, diminished breeding success of Ospreys was associated with drought and falling lake levels in the western half of our study area near the town of Loon Lake, west-central Saskatchewan. Only 46% of nest attempts were successful in the west compared to 72% in the east, producing 0.88 young per accessible nest in the west and 1.42 in the east. Breeding success was greater in the eastern half, where water levels were stable, in spite of increased human use of the resort lakes there. Our unique long-term Canadian data base results support Ogden's 1977 prediction that Osprey productivity may decrease when water levels drop and fish populations are reduced.

Contribution a l'etude geomorphologique du nord-est du Bresil

1961 ◽  
Vol S7-III (5) ◽  
pp. 492-500
Author(s):  
Andre R. Meunier
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
The North ◽  
Littoral Region ◽  
Morphologic Characteristics ◽  
Western Half ◽  
Eastern Half ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract A region of 40,000 km <sup>2</sup> in the States of Pernambuco, Paraiba, and Rio Grande do Norte in northeastern Brasil, drained to the north by the Piranhas river and to the east by the Paraiba river, exhibits a series of Cenozoic erosion levels showing the morphologic characteristics of littoral and interior zones. Rocks of the region are a poorly-known Precambrian complex attributed to the Algonkian. In the semi-arid western half of the region, west of the meridian of Campina Grande, are the Chapadas, Soledad, and Patos levels, respectively at 830-650, 600-550, and 300-250 m elevation. In the eastern half of the littoral region are the Borborema and Umbuzeiro surfaces, the probably Pliocene Tabuleiros gently sloping from 200 to 20 m at the seacoast, and the Itabaiana surface at about 90 m. These features reflect successive border flexures of the Brazilian shield, and progressive accentuation of an enormous fold at depth.

Paleomagnetism and U–Pb geochronology of the 2.17 Ga Biscotasing dyke swarm, Ontario, Canada: evidence for vertical-axis crustal rotation across the Kapuskasing Zone

2004 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry C Halls ◽  
Donald W Davis
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Paleomagnetic Data ◽  
Dyke Swarm ◽  
Superior Province ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Western Half ◽  
Eastern Half

U–Pb dates on baddeleyite yield ages of 2167.8 ± 2.2 and 2171.6 ± 1.2 Ma on two northeast-trending dykes west of the Kapuskasing Zone in Ontario, Canada. These ages identify the dykes as belonging to the Biscotasing dyke swarm east of the Kapuskasing Zone, which was previously dated at 2166.7 ± 1.4 Ma by U–Pb on baddeleyite and zircon. The new dates show that the Biscotasing swarm was emplaced over an area of at least 300 000 km2, much larger than hitherto suspected, and in a geologically short period of time of about 5 million years. A comparison of paleomagnetic data from Biscotasing and 2.45 Ga Matachewan dykes on either side of the Kapuskasing Zone suggests that the western half of the Superior Province has rotated about 10°–20° counterclockwise relative to the eastern half across the Kapuskasing Zone. This movement may have been accompanied by rifting farther north which ultimately led to the Paleoproterozoic embayment, underlying Hudson Bay, that gives the Superior Province its characteristic butterfly-shaped outline.

Introduction to the Symposium on Localising and Globalising Patterns in Natural Resource Use in Southeast Asia

2003 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadzilah Majid Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Natural Resource Use ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Global Power ◽  
Power Differentials ◽  
Market Production ◽  
Sites Of Action

Focusing on land, forests and coastal resources of Southeast Asia, this collection of articles explores an emerging interest in exploring local development and change in national, regional (Asia Pacific) and global terms. Specifically, the authors are interested in steering clear of viewing ‘global’ forces (of market production and environmentalism) as the privileged sites of action with the ‘local’ relegated to a ‘mediating’ role vis–à–vis these larger influences. On the contrary, the articles suggest that local groups actively engage in reshaping discourses and practices of the global (Majid Cooke, Tomforde). Local groups grow crops, often changing from subsistence to cash-producing ones or from one cash crop to another for a complexity of reasons – often not of their own choosing – which reflect local, regional, national and global power differentials (Majid Cooke, McKay, Sato).

scholarly journals Hush-hushing the whole matter: The UNHCR, Australia, and West Papuan Refugees

Refuge ◽  
2006 ◽  
pp. 69-80
Author(s):  
Klaus Neumann
Keyword(s):  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Historical Case Study ◽  
Australian Government ◽  
Historical Case ◽  
High Commissioner ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Western Half ◽  
Eastern Half

Between 1962 and 1973, thousands of refugees crossed from the Indonesian-controlled western half of the island of New Guinea into the Australian-controlled eastern half. The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) refrained from becoming involved in the issue, and from publicly criticizing the Australian government over its response to West Papuan asylum seekers. In return, the Australian government committed itself to keeping the High Commissioner informed about developments in New Guinea on the understanding that it would provide information on a strictly confidential basis. The article explores the High Commissioner’s possible motives for effectively condoning Australia’s refugee policies in Papua and New Guinea. It demonstrates the relevance of this historical case study for our understanding of current Australian policies and for evaluating the relationship between the UNHCR and governments.

scholarly journals The Flow of Water Past the Seven Stones Lightvessel

1934 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 921-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Carruthers
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Residual Current ◽  
The State ◽  
Entire Period ◽  
Northern Half ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
Western Half ◽  
Eastern Half

A brief reference to the state of opinion concerning the water movements off S.W. England is made. Then a series of Drift Indicator records relating to 28 days of observation at 6 fathoms depth from the Seven Stones Lightvessel is presented and discussed. An overall flow of water towards the S.E. quadrant and of speed approaching 2 miles per day characterised the entire period. The residual current as worked out for the individual records, displayed considerable variation in speed and direction—setting as frequently towards the northern half of the compass as towards the southern, but more frequently towards the eastern half than towards the western half. There were pronounced changes in the wind speed and direction, and it appears as though the wind can drive the water at 6 fathoms depth towards a point to the right of its own direction, no matter from which of the four quadrants it blows.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Modeled Precipitation in Oceanic Extratropical Cyclones Using IMERG

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine M. Naud ◽  
Jeyavinoth Jeyaratnam ◽  
James F. Booth ◽  
Ming Zhao ◽  
Andrew Gettelman
Keyword(s):  
Climate Models ◽  
Extratropical Cyclone ◽  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Extratropical Cyclones ◽  
Precipitation Frequency ◽  
Precipitation Characteristics ◽  
Satellite Retrievals ◽  
Precipitation Changes ◽  
Western Half ◽  
Eastern Half

ABSTRACT Using a high-spatial- and high-temporal-resolution precipitation dataset, Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals for GPM (IMERG), extratropical cyclone precipitation is evaluated in two reanalyses and two climate models. Based on cyclone-centered composites, all four models overestimate precipitation in the western subsiding and dry side of the cyclones, and underestimate the precipitation in the eastern ascending and moist side. By decomposing the composites into frequency of occurrence and intensity (mean precipitation rate when precipitating), the analysis reveals a tendency for all four models to overestimate frequency and underestimate intensity, with the former issue dominating in the western half and the latter in the eastern half of the cyclones. Differences in frequency are strongly dependent on cyclone environmental moisture, while the differences in intensity are strongly impacted by the strength of ascent within the cyclone. There are some uncertainties associated with the observations: IMERG might underreport frozen precipitation and possibly exaggerate rates in vigorously ascending regions. Nevertheless, the analysis suggests that all models produce extratropical cyclone precipitation too often and too lightly. These biases have consequences when evaluating the changes in precipitation characteristics with changes in cyclone properties: the models disagree on the magnitude of the change in precipitation intensity with a change in environmental moisture and in precipitation frequency with a change in cyclone strength. This complicates accurate predictions of precipitation changes in a changing climate.

scholarly journals Tamambo

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia K. Riehl ◽  
Dorothy Jauncey
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Grammar ◽  
Official Languages ◽  
Western Half ◽  
Eastern Half

Tamambo is an Oceanic language spoken on the western half of the island of Malo in northern Vanuatu. There are at least 3000 speakers of the language, most of them living on Malo, with several hundred residing on the neighboring island of Santo and in the country's capital, Port Vila. Many speakers are also fluent in Bislama (an English-lexifier creole spoken in Vanuatu), one of three official languages. A dialect of Tamambo spoken on the eastern half of the island is now almost extinct, the main phonetic differences from the western dialect being the lack of prenasalized stops and labialized consonants, and the short articulation of vowels. Previous phonetic work on Tamambo is limited to a descriptive grammar of the language (Jauncey 1997).

Epilogue

2019 ◽  
pp. 211-225
Author(s):  
Taco Terpstra
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Fifth Century ◽  
Third Century ◽  
The West ◽  
Human Welfare ◽  
Westward Expansion ◽  
Peripheral Areas ◽  
Western Half ◽  
Eastern Half

This epilogue addresses the weakening of the Roman state. In the third century CE, the Roman Empire began having trouble maintaining its geographical integrity, a problem that would grow noticeably worse thereafter. The split between an eastern and western half in 395 CE was the most dramatic manifestation of that decreasing ability. After the empire split in two, especially the west in the course of the fifth century saw the abandonment of peripheral areas, although signs of declining state power appeared in the east as well. However, as the western half eventually disintegrated, the eastern half recovered. In the sixth century, it managed to extend its rule over parts of the west, including the Italian heartland. But even with this westward expansion—and even allowing for healthy economic activity in some eastern regions—as a military and economic organization, the Roman Empire was nothing like the mighty state it once had been. The chapter then considers the effects of the empire's disintegration on human welfare.

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