Emigration from the United Kingdom to the United States: 1860–1913

1971 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 885-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lowell E. Gallaway ◽  
Richard K. Vedder
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
The United States ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Migration Stream ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Cyclical Fluctuations ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Political Persecution

Between the years 1860 and 1913 approximately twelve million people took passage from the United Kingdom to extra-European countries. The bulk of the migration stream (about 125,000 people per year) was directed toward the United States; it is this movement of population that is the subject of our article. The flow of individuals from the United Kingdom to the United States in this period ranged from 38,000 in 1861 to 202,000 in 1887 with marked cyclical fluctuations. For example, in 1873 the flow was 167,000 and by 1877 it was only 45,000. Variations of this magnitude pose the interesting intellectual question of whether or not they can be explained. This is not a new question; there are frequent references in the literature to the possible causes of this movement and the emigration from the United Kingdom that it implies. Studies focus on various economic influences on emigration. There is little in this period in the socio-political environment of the United Kingdom that would prompt individuals to emigrate in order to flee intolerable religious or political persecution.

scholarly journals A Study on the Mainstream of Real Estate Education with Core Term Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Dong-hyun Kim ◽  
Myoung-young Pior
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Main Stream ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Royal Institution ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Real Estate Education ◽  
Globalization Of Education

This study was conducted to provide basic information about the curricula of real estate education with respect to globalization. The literature, such as the histories and characteristics of real estate education in the United Kingdom and the United States that have historically lead real estate education, are reviewed. We also extract the core terms used in the curricula of departments accredited by the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors and The Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business—International that are leading the globalization of education, and Meikai University, the only university with a real estate department in Japan. In extracting core terms from each country, we proceed with basic terms that constitute the subject titles, not the entire subject title itself. After extracting core terms from each country, we discuss the overall characteristics of real estate education in each country and clarify the main stream of the globalization of real estate education. In addition, by comparing core terms and calculating proximities among Japan, the United Kingdom and United States, Japan’s specificities of real estate education are identified.

Measurement of Pension Fund Investment Performance.

1980 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 33-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Hager
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Pension Fund ◽  
The United States ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Investment Performance ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Fund Investment

In the United States the theoretical and practical aspects of the measurement of investment performance have been well researched, and the investment managers and pension fund trustees are accustomed to having a battery of statistics available on the performance of a pension fund.By contrast, in the United Kingdom, attention has only really been given to this subject in this decade. It has taken time for both investment managers and trustees to appreciate the need to measure performance and to move away from a solely qualitative assessment of the ability of investment managers to one involving a quantitative element.There are just a few papers by U.K. authors on the investment performance of pension funds and the Institute has discussed the subject only once. This was in November 1976 when J. P. Holbrook presented a comprehensive paper covering both theoretical and practical aspects of performance measurement.

scholarly journals Competition for International Students

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeleine Green ◽  
Kim Koch
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
International Students ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
The United States ◽  
European Countries ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Government ◽  
Heating Up

The competition for recruitment of international students is heating up. In the United States, the efforts are mostly done by each institution. In the United Kingdom, the Prime Minister launched the initiatives and set the target. Germany focuses on a regional recruitment from other European countries. In France, the government put agencies in many countries to offer support for application and events for promotion. Australia began a recruitment campaign for six key markets in Asia. Other areas also set strategies and goals for attracting international students.

scholarly journals The Rule of Causa Proxima as a Principle of Insurance

2014 ◽  
pp. 154-163
Author(s):  
Manjeet Kumar Sahu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
The United States ◽  
Proximate Cause ◽  
Insurance Law ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Subject

The rule of Causa promixa (proximate cause) is derived from a latin phrase causa proxima non remota spectator (the immediate, and not the remote cause is to be considered). This article highlights the significance of the rule of causa proxima which is a key principle of insurance and is concerned with how the loss or damage actually occurred and whether it is indeed a result of an insured peril. It primarily discusses about the emphasis laid on the test of proximate cause in Insurance Law, in order to identify the causation of the loss or damage. It makes an effort to substantiate the subject matter by looking into the trends of interpretation of the rule, including in countries like the United Kingdom, the United States, India and Canada.

Allied Commission for Austria

1950 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 338-338
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Executive Committee ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
High Commissioner ◽  
The Subject ◽  
International Laws

Two topics were the subject of discussion in the Allied Council and Executive Committee during August 1949: 1) the question of Allied Control over Austrian political parties; and 2) the western attempt to eliminate censorship over Austrian communications. Concerning the political parties two resolutions were submitted by the French and by the United Kingdom Commissions. The French draft was rejected by the three other commissions and the United Kingdom draft, declaring that the Allied Council had decided that political parties needed “no longer obtain the authorization of the Allied Council as required by the decision of the 11th September 1945“ and the “Austrian Government will be responsible for regulating the formation and activity of political parties or organizations according to provisions of international laws,“ was adopted by the Council. The Soviet representative objected to this and to a second French proposal. The United States and United Kingdom agreed to a French suggestion that the Allied Council meet in an extraordinary session to consider further the French position and the question in general but the Soviet High Commissioner refused to accept

The Comparative Policy Agendas Project: theory, measurement and findings

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Dowding ◽  
Andrew Hindmoor ◽  
Aaron Martin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Policy Agenda ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Coding Method ◽  
Policy Agendas

AbstractThe Policy Agendas Project (PAP) was developed in the United States in the early 1990s as a means of collecting data on the contents of the policy agenda. The PAP coding method has subsequently been employed in the United Kingdom, a number of European countries, Canada, Israel, New Zealand, as well as the state of Pennsylvania (http://www.comparativeagendas.org/). What does PAP measure? How does it measure it? What does it find? How does it explain what it finds? We use these questions to structure our review.

scholarly journals VI.—Iron Ore Supplies

1907 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 448-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bennett H. Brough
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
The United States ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Subject

Of all the problems with which the practical geologist has to deal, none is of greater importance at the present time than the discovery of fresh sources of iron ore supply. Every inhabitant of the United Kingdom, of the United States, and of Germany requires annually about a quarter of a ton of the iron of which the world last year produced 60,000,000 tons, the result of the smelting of over 120,000,000 tons of ore. Year by year the production and consumption are increasing, and many of the deposits of the richer ores are showing signs of depletion. The question of ascertaining how the demand for the vast supplies of iron ore that will in the future be needed will be met calls, therefore, for very serious consideration, and a few statistical notes may be useful as a contribution to a discussion of the subject.

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