scholarly journals Aspects of the Glaciology of Meighen Island, Northwest Territories, Canada

1965 ◽  
Vol 5 (40) ◽  
pp. 399-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Snow Accumulation ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Ice Cap ◽  
The North ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Northern Half ◽  
Northern Edge ◽  
Summer Temperatures ◽  
Made In

Abstract Meighen Island lies in the centre of the north coast of the Queen Elizabeth Islands and fronts on the Arctic Ocean. An ice cap of about 76 km.2 covers about one-tenth of the island. Its greatest thickness of 150 m. occurs under the summit, near the south end, which was 268 m. above sea-level in 1960. The northern half of the ice cap is less than 30 m. thick; and the total volume is of the order of 2,000 × 106 m.3. Precipitation is low in the northern Queen Elizabeth Islands, and Meighen Island lies in an area where summer temperatures are lowest. In the winters of 1959–60, 1960–61 and 1961–62, the snow accumulation was 12.6, 18.2 and 14.1 cm. of water equivalent. Some snowfall remained on the higher part of the ice cap in the cold summer of 1961; but the ice cap diminished in volume in each year; by 36 × 106, 72 × 106, 22 × 106 and 91 × 106 m.3 in the 1959, 1960, 1961 and 1962 ablation seasons. If the conditions of these four seasons were maintained the ice cap would disappear in about 100 yr. However, a radio-carbon dating of a saxifrage exposed by the retreat of the ice from a small nunatak near the northern edge gave a date of less than 100 yr., and it appears that the existence of the ice cap might be sensitively related to recent climatic change. Careful surveys were made in 1959, 1960 and 1961 in an attempt to detect movement in the ice cap. Unequivocal evidence is not available from these surveys; but the stake network has been maintained and another survey has recently been completed.

scholarly journals Aspects of the Glaciology of Meighen Island, Northwest Territories, Canada

1965 ◽  
Vol 5 (40) ◽  
pp. 399-410
Author(s):  
K. C. Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Snow Accumulation ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Ice Cap ◽  
The North ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Northern Half ◽  
Northern Edge ◽  
Summer Temperatures ◽  
Made In

AbstractMeighen Island lies in the centre of the north coast of the Queen Elizabeth Islands and fronts on the Arctic Ocean. An ice cap of about 76 km.2 covers about one-tenth of the island. Its greatest thickness of 150 m. occurs under the summit, near the south end, which was 268 m. above sea-level in 1960. The northern half of the ice cap is less than 30 m. thick; and the total volume is of the order of 2,000 × 106 m.3.Precipitation is low in the northern Queen Elizabeth Islands, and Meighen Island lies in an area where summer temperatures are lowest. In the winters of 1959–60, 1960–61 and 1961–62, the snow accumulation was 12.6, 18.2 and 14.1 cm. of water equivalent. Some snowfall remained on the higher part of the ice cap in the cold summer of 1961; but the ice cap diminished in volume in each year; by 36 × 106, 72 × 106, 22 × 106 and 91 × 106 m.3 in the 1959, 1960, 1961 and 1962 ablation seasons.If the conditions of these four seasons were maintained the ice cap would disappear in about 100 yr. However, a radio-carbon dating of a saxifrage exposed by the retreat of the ice from a small nunatak near the northern edge gave a date of less than 100 yr., and it appears that the existence of the ice cap might be sensitively related to recent climatic change.Careful surveys were made in 1959, 1960 and 1961 in an attempt to detect movement in the ice cap. Unequivocal evidence is not available from these surveys; but the stake network has been maintained and another survey has recently been completed.

scholarly journals Experimental researches on the emission of oxygen by the pelvic filaments of the male lepidosiren with some experiments on symbranchus marmoratus

1932 ◽  
Vol 110 (766) ◽  
pp. 234-248 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
North Coast ◽  
The Political ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The North ◽  
Gran Chaco ◽  
Glass Tubes ◽  
Political Conditions ◽  
Experimental Researches ◽  
Made In

The stage which the question of the function of the pelvic filaments of the male Lepidosiren had reached before the researches described in this paper can be seen by reference to the paper by Carter and Beadle (1930) and that by Cunningham in the previous year. The researches of Carter and Beadle as well as those previously carried out by Graham Kerr were made in the Gran Chaco of Paraguay, in the swamps of which region Lepidosiren is rather abundant. But when direct experiments on the function of the filaments were contemplated the political conditions made it inadvisable to attempt to visit this region, and it was suggested that Lepidosiren would be found in sufficient abundance on the island of Marajó at the mouth of the River Amazon. No evidence was obtained that the fish had recently been taken in that island, but three specimens, all from the same locality, namely a “papyrus meadow” near Fazenda Dunas on the north coast of the island, were recorded in 1896 and 1898 by Dr. Goeldi, Director and founder of the Muséu Goeldi at Belem. It was therefore decided to organise and carry out an expedition to Marajó. The equipment was prepared in the Physiological Department of the London Hospital Medical College and consisted of large glass tubes from 18 inches to 30 inches in length and 1½ inches to 3 inches in diameter; and weighed quantities in hermetically sealed tubes or bottles of the reagents required for the estimation of dissolved oxygen in water, together with the necessary accessories, and a special pump for obtaining water from below the surface of swamp pools.

Chapter 20 Paleogene history

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 388-417
Keyword(s):  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
Central Basin ◽  
Oblique Collision ◽  
The North ◽  
Western Border ◽  
Paleozoic Rocks ◽  
West Spitsbergen

The Paleogene chapter of Svalbard history is a quite distinct one. It begins with an unconformity, albeit a sub-parallel one representing a late Cretaceous hiatus. Resting on Albian and older strata, the Van Mijenfjorden Group of six formations totals a thickness of about 2500 m in the Central Basin of Spitsbergen. The outcrop is ringed by Early Cretaceous strata in a broad syncline (Fig. 20.1). The strata are largely non-marine, coal-bearing sandstones, with interbedded marine shales and they range in age through Paleocene and Eocene.From latest Paleocene through Eocene time the West Spitsbergen Orogeny caused (Spitsbergian) deformation along the western border of the Central Basin, but it is most conspicuous in the folding and thrusting of Carboniferous through Early Cretaceous rocks. The orogen extended westwards to and beyond the western coast of central and southern Spitsbergen including Precambrian and Early Paleozoic rocks, which had already been involved in earlier tectogenesis. The eastward-verging thrusting extended beneath the Tertiary basin and reactivated older faults to the east.In the wider context Svalbard, adjacent to the north coast of Greenland, had been an integral part of Pangea from Carboniferous through Cretaceous time. The northward extension of the Atlantic opening reached and initiated the spreading of the Arctic Eurasia Basin at the beginning of the Paleogene Period. This led to the separation of Svalbard together with the Barents Shelf and northern Europe from Greenland by dextral strike-slip transform faulting. In the course of this progression, oblique collision between northeast Greenland and Svalbard caused

scholarly journals The Walrus

Oryx ◽  
1950 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Colin Matheson
Keyword(s):  
Distinct Species ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Pacific Walrus ◽  
The North ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Western Shore ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
Siberian Coast

The Walrus is confined to the northern circumpolar regions, its range northward apparently extending to the limit of perpetual ice. Now rare in Iceland, Odobenus rosmarus is stated to be still not unfamiliar in Hudson Bay, Davis Strait, and Baffin Bay north to Ellesmere Land, the coasts of Greenland, Spitsbergen, Novaia Zemlia, and the western part of the north coast of Siberia; in all of which regions, however, persecution has greatly diminished its numbers. The species does not extend along the far eastern part of the north Siberian coast, and Walrus are not met with again until the north-eastern extremity of Siberia is reached. Here the Pacific Walrus, which differs somewhat from that of the Atlantic side and is regarded as a distinct species, Odobenus obesus, is reported from Cape Chelagskai, in longitude 170° E., along the Siberian coast as far as northern Kamschatka south to latitude 60°, also on some of the islands in the Bering Sea, and on the opposite coast of Alaska south to about latitude 55° and eastward to Point Barrow. Here again a long gap along the Arctic coast of North America, from Point Barrow in longitude 158° W. to the western shore of Hudson Bay in longitude 97° W., separates the Pacific from the Atlantic Walrus.

Haemogregarina anarrhichadis from Anarrhichas lupus, the Catfish

Parasitology ◽  
1912 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Henry
Keyword(s):  
North Coast ◽  
Otter Trawl ◽  
Present Communication ◽  
The North ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Large Adult ◽  
Made In

The haemogregarine which is the subject of the present communication was obtained in material collected by me during two voyages made in a trawler in July 1910, round the Shetlands and the north coast of Scotland. It was found in large adult specimens of catfish (Anarrhichas lupus), taken by otter trawl from a depth of 50 to 80 fathoms, in the vicinity of Fair Isle and Foula, and on Whitenhead Bank about nine miles to the N.N.E. of Cape Wrath. Catfish taken near Rhona and Sulisker in the Atlantic showed no infection, but the number of fish examined was so small that one could not assume the infection to be absent in this locality.

II. Magnetic observations made during a voyage to the North of Europe and the coasts of the Arctic Sea in the summer of 1870. By Capt. Ivan Belavenetz, I. R. N., Director of the Imperial Magnetic Observatory, Cronstadt. In a letter to Archibald Smith, M. A., LL. D., F. R. S. Communicated by Mr. Smith

1871 ◽  
Vol 19 (123-129) ◽  
pp. 361-368
Keyword(s):  
The Arctic ◽  
Magnetic Observatory ◽  
The North ◽  
Arctic Sea ◽  
Rivers And Lakes ◽  
Made In

Dear Friend,—Last summer I made a very interesting magnetic voyage, being invited by Vice-Admiral Possiet to take part in the Arctic Expedition with the Grand Duke Alexis, Lieutenant of the Navy. The first part of the voyage, from St. Petersburgh to Arkangeslsk (1179 miles), by rivers and lakes, I made in a little screw cutter, 27½ feet long, 7½ feet wide, and 2½ feet deep, belonging to the corvette ' Variage ; ' the second part of the voyage (1716 miles) in the schooner ' Sextant.'

Pygmy Implements from Cornwall

1913 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-336
Author(s):  
Edwin L. Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Rain Water ◽  
North Coast ◽  
The North ◽  
Snow White ◽  
Fresh Water Supply ◽  
Made In

The pygmy and small implements shown to-night from Cornwall were found on the landward slope of Trevose Head, near Padstow, on the north coast of the county. The sea end of this promontory rises to some 200 feet, and thence the ground inclines rapidly back to the mainland, the connecting neck being not more than half a mile wide. At the narrowest part the rain-water, constantly filtering through the adjacent peat, wastes down the hard bedrock of slate, comes out as a small spring, which, in the course of ages, has cut a channel of a hundred yards in length to the cliff edge. At the springhead stands a cairn of a massive block of white quartz, obviously of great age, but whether coeval with the prehistoric settlpment it would be impossible to say. This cairn or beacon would be seen from a long way over the adjacent bay, and might have served to guide seafarers of any age to the fresh-water supply. Here, amongst the faint traces of trenching and hut circles, the small implements, and chips made in their manufacture, all of snow-white patina, were lying about in great profusion.

XVI. Magnetical observations made in the West Indies, on North Coast of Brazil and North America, in the years 1834, 1835, 1836, and 1837, by Captain Sir Everard Home, Bart. R. N. F. R. S. Reduced by the Rev. George Fisher, M. A. F. R. S

1838 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 343-349
Keyword(s):  
West Indies ◽  
The Other ◽  
North Coast ◽  
The West ◽  
Magnetic Forces ◽  
The North ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Times ◽  
Made In

It was the object in the experiments recorded in this paper, to determine the relative magnetic forces soliciting both the dipping, and horizontal needles, by observing the times of their completing a given number of vibrations at the various places visited during a period of three years, on the North American and West India Station, in Her Majesty’s Ship Racehorse. The dipping instrument used was one of modern construction by Dollond. Each observation for the dip consisted of an equal number of readings of the positions of the needle, with the face of the instrument east and west, before and after the inversion of the poles, and a mean of all the readings taken for the true dip. The instrument had two needles fitted to it, one of which being used solely for the purpose of observing its vibrations, its magnetism was therefore never interfered with, and this needle in this paper is distinguished by the letter B. The other needle was kept for the purpose of determining the dip, and the results obtained with it are given in Table I.

scholarly journals Snowfall and Oxygen-Isotope Variations off the North Coast of Ellesmere Island, N.W.T., Canada

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (114) ◽  
pp. 195-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin O. Jeffries ◽  
H. Roy Krouse
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Ellesmere Island ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Snow Pack ◽  
The North ◽  
Winter Snow ◽  
The Mean

AbstractSnow-pack along the land-fast ice fringe off the north coast of Ellesmere Island was generally characterized by depth-hoar overlain by dense snow and wind slab. Mean snow depth in the study area was 0.54 m (1982-85) and the mean δ18O value of the snow-pack was -31.3˚/00. Isotope data were not obtained previously for this geographic region and, therefore, complement a previous study of δ18O variations in High Arctic snow (Koerner, 1979). The data are consistent with an Arctic Ocean moisture source. The δ18O profiles show seasonal variations, with winter snow being more depleted in 18O than fall and spring snow. However, the δ18O profiles are dominated by a trend to higher δ18O values with increasing depth. This is attributed to a decrease in δ18O values as condensation temperatures fall during the autumn-winter accumulation period. During this time, there is also a change from relatively open to almost complete ice cover in the Arctic Ocean. The change in evaporation conditions and consequent effect on δ values gives rise to a sharp discontinuity in the δ18O profiles and a bi-modal δ18O frequency distribution. The bi-modal distribution is reinforced by a secondary isotope fractionation that occurs during depth-hoar formation. This isotope effect leads to a wider δ18O range but does not significantly alter the mean δ18O value.

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