Gastronodus strasseni Singh, 1934, and its affinities with Spirocerca lupi (Rudolphi, 1809) Chitwood, 1933

1948 ◽  
Vol 22 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 219-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satya Narayan Singh
Keyword(s):  
Body Wall ◽  
The Body ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Spirocerca Lupi ◽  
Anterior Portion ◽  
Musk Shrew ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Common ◽  
Gravid Females ◽  
Uniform Diameter

The writer in 1934 briefly described this nematode which was collected from the common musk-shrew at Hyderabad Deccan, creating for its reception the new genus and species Gastronodus strasseni. The following account deals with the anatomy of the worm and the close relationship which exists between the genera Gastronodus Singh and Spirocerca Railliet and Henry, 1911.This worm is of common oċcurrence in the musk-shrew, Crocidura caerulea, at Hyderabad and it forms largo nodules on the stomach walls of the host. In certain cases smaller nodules were also found in the mesentery. These are medium sized worms and when freshly extracted appear blood red in colour. The body is coiled and generally flexed at the extremities. In males and young adult females the body is of almost uniform diameter with blunt anterior and posterior ends, whereas in fully grown and gravid females the posterior 2/3 of the body is distinctly thicker than the anterior portion. The males are slender and smaller than the females. The cuticle is thick and bears fine transverse striations which are set quite close together. Irregular transverse wrinkles are also present on the body wall. The cervical papillae are located at the level of the nerve-ring and have the appearance of fine bristles.

A new genus and species of Sclerodactylidae (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Sclerothyoninae) from the Pacific coast of Panama, and assignment of Neopentamera anexigua to Sclerothyoninae

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4429 (1) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
LUCIANA MARTINS ◽  
MARCOS TAVARES
Keyword(s):  
Body Wall ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Calcareous Ring

Paulayellus gustavi, a new sclerodactylid genus and species, is described from the Pacific coast of Panama. The new genus and species is assigned to the subfamily Sclerothyoninae based on a suite of characters, which include the radial and interradial plates of the calcareous ring united at the base only. Paulayellus gen. nov. differs from the other Sclerothyoninae genera in having posterior processesof radial plates undivided. Additionally, differs from Sclerothyone, Thandarum and Neopentamera in having knobbed buttons, plates and cups in the body wall (whereas the body wall is furnished only with tables and plates in Sclerothyone, Temparena and Thandarum, and only with knobbed buttons and plates in Neopentamera). The new genus is, so far, monotypic. The also monotypic genus Neopentamera proved to have the radial and the interradial plates of the calcareous ring united at the base only, as typically found in the Sclerothyoninae, and is therefore transferred to that subfamily. The discovery of a new genus in the Sclerothyoninae and the transfer of Neopentamera required the amendation of the diagnosis for the subfamily. A key to the Sclerothyoninae is given. 

Preliminary Remarks on the Homologies of the Mesenteries in Antipatharia and other Anthozoa

1890 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
George Brook
Keyword(s):  
Body Wall ◽  
Typical Case ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fourth Series ◽  
The Common

The mesenteries of many Anthozoa are usually regarded as being arranged in pairs, the members of a pair being adjacent mesenteries. The common shore Anemones, belonging to the Hexactiniæ, show this arrangement very well. In a typical case, the mouth and stomodæum are elongated, and the pairs of mesenteries are arranged in multiples of six. There are six primary pairs passing from the body-wall to the stomodæum, which are complete; six secondary pairs, which may also reach the stomodæum ; twelve pairs of a third series, which are not complete; forty-eight incomplete pairs of a fourth series, and so on.

THE ETHOLOGY OF THE SYNAPTID HOLOTHURIAN, OPHEODESOMA SPECTABILIS

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Berrill
Keyword(s):  
Body Wall ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tactile Sensitivity ◽  
Sensory Receptors ◽  
Rhythmic Contraction ◽  
Anterior Portion ◽  
Nervous Control ◽  
Strong Light ◽  
Activity Peak ◽  
Early Evening

Opheodesoma spectabilis commonly occurs in aggregations in the alga Sargassum echinocarpus, a source of shade from which it scrapes adhering detritus, and which allows the dense populations necessary for efficient spawning. The animal is photonegative and moves away from a strong light source. Ocelli provide information on the direction and intensity of sunlight. Statocysts, aided by tactile sensitivity, maintain dorsoventral equilibrium."They may also inhibit unwarranted rapid locomotion. The animal shows no gravity orientation. All sensory receptors are most concentrated in the region of the tentacle crown, and their interaction in controlling the animal's reactions implies considerable central integration of stimuli. The three primary muscular activities are the rhythmic contraction and extension of the tentacles, used in feeding and for slow locomotion; peristalsis of the body wall, involved in rapid locomotion; and the contraction, bending, and reextension of the anterior portion of the body. These activities may vary in rate and amplitude and occur independently or in any combinations. Their initiation and coordination are under central nervous control. Opheodesoma spectabilis has a diurnal rhythm of behavior, reaching an activity peak during the early evening hours and apparently directly dependent on changes in light intensity. Spawning occurs during the summer months.

Post-hibernation behavior of a population of garter snakes (Thamnophis sirtalis)

1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith E. Bramble ◽  
Owen J. Sexton
Keyword(s):  
Ground Surface ◽  
Small Population ◽  
The Body ◽  
Thamnophis Sirtalis ◽  
Garter Snakes ◽  
Anterior Portion ◽  
Behavioral Mechanism ◽  
The Social ◽  
Blocking Activity ◽  
The Common

AbstractThe post-hibernation breeding activities of a small population of the common garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis) were followed in the vicinity of their hibernaculum or den in St. Louis Co., Missouri, USA during the springs of 1981-85, inclusive. Individual males could emerge as early as mid-February and remain at the den and its immediate vicinity for three or more weeks. Each day, after elevating their body temperatures, males patrolled the ground surface within 2-3 m of the den entrance. During patrolling activities, males investigated each other at frequent intervals and often returned to re-enter the den briefly. Upon partial re-emergence, one or more males would assume a position such that the head and anterior portion of the body were elevated. This "blocking" activity may be a behavioral mechanism that controls access to the den by competing males and egress by females. Numerous males simultaneously court a single female. The social organization of garter snakes is compared to that typified by lek species and several similarities are noted.

scholarly journals Traumatic insemination and female counter-adaption in Strepsiptera (Insecta)

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Peinert ◽  
Rolf Georg Beutel ◽  
Hans Pohl
Keyword(s):  
Body Wall ◽  
Apical Part ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Genital Structure ◽  
The Common ◽  
Thickened Cuticle

Traumatic insemination in Strepsiptera is a disputed issue. To clarify this question the mating of Stylops ovinae (Stylopidae) was documented in detail using a combination of different techniques. A major issue is the specific mode of sperm transfer, either as a traumatic penetration of the body wall, or alternatively an insertion of the penis into the brood canal without penetration of the body wall of the female. In contrast to previous studies, we used an integrative approach. In addition to video recordings of the mating, the duration and frequency of copulation were assessed. Histological sections of virgin females and females fixed shortly after copulation were made. Micro-CT scans of fixed copulae of S. ovinae were taken and the involved structures were studied with scanning electron microscopy and reconstructed three dimensionally. We could demonstrate that an invagination with a thickened cuticle is present, directly in front of the birth opening of the female. The male inserts his penis in this invagination and its apical part perforates the ventral cuticle. Thereafter the sperm is injected into the hemocoel of the female and reaches the oocytes via the hemolymph. The invagination is a secondary genital structure, similar to the spermalege of the common bedbug Cimex lectularius (Heteroptera).

Philometroides huronensis n.sp. (Nematoda: Dracunculoidea) of the common white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) from Lake Huron, Ontario

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie S. Uhazy
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Lake Huron ◽  
Swim Bladder ◽  
White Sucker ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Cuticular Ornamentation ◽  
The Common ◽  
Gravid Females ◽  
A New Species

A new species of nematode, Philometroides huronensis n.sp., is described from the fins and peritoneum around the swim bladder of the common white sucker (Catostomus commersoni). The gravid females and the males of this species are readily distinguishable from those of other members of the genus by the body size, cuticular ornamentation, caudal ventrolateral hypodermal extensions, size and shape of first-stage larva, length of spicules, size and shape of gubernaculum, and location in the host. Measurements of mature and subgravid females are presented.

A new genus and species of monostiliferous hoplonemertean (Enopla: Hoplonemertea: Monostilifera) from New Zealand

Zootaxa ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAY GIBSON ◽  
MALIN STRAND
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
The Body ◽  
Full Length ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
The Brain

Vulcanonemertes rangitotoensis gen. et sp. nov. (Hoplonemertea: Monostilifera) is described and illustrated. Major morphological features of the new taxon include an anteriorly divided body wall longitudinal musculature, no pre-cerebral septum, cephalic glands which reach far back behind the brain, and accessory lateral nerves which extend the full length of the body.

Sasala nolani gen. n., sp. n. (Digenea: Aporocotylidae) from the body-cavity of the guineafowl puffer fish Arothron meleagris (Lacepède) (Tetraodontiformes: Tetraodontidae) from off Moorea, French Polynesia

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3334 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
RODNEY A. BRAY ◽  
THOMAS H. CRIBB ◽  
D. TIMOTHY J. LITTLEWOOD
Keyword(s):  
Adult Worm ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
New Genus ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
The Body ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Puffer Fish ◽  
Short Comment

The aporocotylid new genus and species Sasala nolani is described from the body-cavity of the guineafowl puffer fishArothron meleagris from off Moorea, French Polynesia. Sasala is distinguished by the combination of having an auxiliaryseminal vesicle, a tiny oral sucker, the single interand post-caecal testis, the post-ovarian uterus and the relatively shortposterior caeca. Sasala nolani ssrDNA and lsrDNA sequences have been used to infer its phylogenetic relationships withsome other aporocotylids, showing a particularly close relationship with ‘Paradeontocylix’ sinensis. A short comment onthe accumulation of eggs in the host gut wall is included, suggesting that the eggs remain in the gut wall after the adult worm infection is passed.

scholarly journals Gebrukothuria profundus, a new genus and species of laetmogonid holothurian (Elasipodida, Laetmogonidae) from around the Crozet Plateau in the Southern Indian Ocea

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2096 (1) ◽  
pp. 479-483
Author(s):  
ANTONINA ROGACHEVA ◽  
IAN A. CROSS ◽  
DAVID S. M. BILLETT
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Body ◽  
Southern Indian Ocean ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
Calcareous Deposits ◽  
Tube Feet

A new genus and species of laetmogonid holothurian (Elasipodida, Laetmogonidae), collected from around the Crozet Plateau in the Southern Indian Ocean, is described. It differs from other members of the family in that the body wall lacks the wheel-shaped calcareous deposits completely. Instead only rods are present. The genus is also distinguished by the combination of other morphological characters lacking in other known genera: absence of circum-oral and ventrolateral papillae together with development of midventral tube feet. All other members of the family Laetmogonidae are known to have wheel-shaped deposits, therefore diagnosis of the family is refined.

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