Prevalence of Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection in commensal rats in Bombay

1982 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Renapurkar ◽  
M. K. Bhopale ◽  
Lalita S. Limaye ◽  
K. D. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Angiostrongylus Cantonensis ◽  
Bandicota Bengalensis ◽  
Third Stage

ABSTRACTThe prevalence Angiostrongylus cantonensis, a metastrongylid lungworm of rats, was investigated in three common species of rodents in the Greater Bombay area, namely, Rattus rattus, R. norvegicus and Bandicota bengalensis. In all, 737 R. norvegicus, 100 R. rattus and 100 B. bengalensis were examined and the presence of A. cantonensis infection was noticed in R. norvegicus (1·62%). About 800 slugs (Laevicaulis alte) were examined and were found to harbour third-stage larvae of Angiostrongylus.

NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS ON MURINE ANGIOSTRONGYLOSIS AND EOSINOPHILIC MENINGOENCEPHALITIS IN MICRONESIA

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 667-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph E. Alicata
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Angiostrongylus Cantonensis ◽  
The Third ◽  
Land Crabs ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Eosinophilic Meningoencephalitis

Further studies carried out in Micronesia have indicated the following percentage of infection with the lungworm, Angiostrongylus cantonensis, among rats examined: Ponape, 32.9; Rota, 23.8; Saipan, 20.0; and Tinian, 21.7. Rattus rattus appear to be the most common species of rats in Micronesia. Land crabs, coconut crabs, and freshwater prawns were found naturally infected with the third-stage larvae of A. cantonensis. Human infection in Micronesia is believed to result largely from the ingestion of some of the above-mentioned raw crustaceans.

Observations on the transmission of Angiostrongylus cantonensis from snail to rodent

1987 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinichi Noda ◽  
Ryuichi Uchikawa ◽  
Seiken Matayoshi ◽  
Yohsuke Watanabe ◽  
Atsuo Sato
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Angiostrongylus Cantonensis ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
Achatina Fulica ◽  
Heavy Infection ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Mode Of Transmission

ABSTRACTA survey of Angiostrongylus cantonensis was carried out to investigate the mode of transmission from molluse to rat in a fixed study area of Yoron Island from 1979 to 1982. Rattus rattus was found to be infected with a small number of worms in spite of heavy infection with third-stage larvae in Achatina fulica and an abundance of this snail in the area. Natural infection and/or susceptibility with A. cantonensis were confirmed in three small snail species. Bradybaena circulus, Fruticicola despecta and Luchuena reticulata. Young A. fulica was found to be infected with fewer third-stage larvae than mature A. fulica. It was concluded that molluscs which were infected with a small number of third-stage larvae of A. cantonensis play an important role in maintaining the life cycle of A. cantonensis. The percentage of rat stomachs containing molluse tissue was relatively low, and the incidence and infection was low in rats. Infection with A. cantonensis did not occur very often in R. rattus in nature.

scholarly journals Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Nematode: Metastrongiloidea): In Vitro Cultivation of Infective Third-Stage Larvae to Fourth-Stage Larvae

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. e72084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong-Jyh Lin ◽  
Jie-Wen He ◽  
Li-Yu Chung ◽  
June-Der Lee ◽  
Jiun-Jye Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angiostrongylus Cantonensis ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Fourth Stage ◽  
Third Stage

Description of the pupa and redescription of the third instar of Phileurus valgus (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Phileurini)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4290 (3) ◽  
pp. 571
Author(s):  
MARIO G. IBARRA-POLESEL ◽  
NESTOR G. VALLE ◽  
JHON C. NEITA-MORENO ◽  
MIRYAM P. DAMBORSKY
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
West Indies ◽  
New World ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Southern United States ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
The West ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage

Phileurus valgus (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Phileurini) is a common species widely distributed from the southern United States to Argentina and the West Indies. In this work the immature stages are described and illustrated based on specimens from Argentina. A key to the known third-stage larvae of New World Phileurini species is provided and updated. Notes on the life cycle and natural history are also included. 

Effect of flubendazole on the number of first-stage larvae of Angiostrongylus cantonensis released in the faeces of treated rats

1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Maki ◽  
Toshio Yanagisawa
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Angiostrongylus Cantonensis ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Faecal Examination ◽  
Third Stage

ABSTRACTThe effect of flubendazole orally administered at 10 mg/kg/day for 5 consecutive days (the 11th, 20th or 40th post-infection) on the number of first-stage larvae (L1) of Angiostrongylus cantonensis released in the faeces of rats each infected with 40 third-stage larvae was determined. Faecal examination for 5 months, the period from medication to dissection of rats, showed that L1 release ceased in all the rats of medicated groups by about 1 week after the termination of dosing and resumed 1–2 months later in 86% of the rats which were dissected at the end of experiments with the recovery of adult worms of both sexes. Throughout the period of 5 months, about 2–4×104 L1/gram of fresh faeces was recorded in non-medicated control groups. There was a 38–79% reduction in adult worms at the dissection. Microscopic examination of the uteri of the remaining adult worms and lung tissues of rats confirmed no normal egg production in the adult worms from rats of medicated groups, except the rats with the resumption of faecal L1 release.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Germinated Cereals as Bait Carrier for Zinc Phosphide and Bromadiolone against Field and Commensal Rodent Pests: A Laboratory Evaluation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
P. Sakthivel ◽  
P. Neelanarayanan
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Zinc Phosphide ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Mus Booduga ◽  
Bandicota Bengalensis ◽  
Choice Tests

Both sexes of rodent pests such as Bandicota bengalensis, Millardia meltada, Mus booduga, and Rattus rattus were subjected to toxicity tests (acute rodenticide: 1.5% and 2% zinc phosphide and chronic rodenticide: bromadiolone (0.005%), under no-choice and choice tests) by using their preferred germinated cereals, namely, paddy, pearl millet, and finger millet, as bait base, individually. The results indicated that the poison baits in the germinated cereals induced all the chosen four species of rodent pests to consume greater quantities of bait perhaps due to the bait carrier’s palatability and texture. Besides these, the chosen three germinated cereals proved themselves that they are also capable of acting as suitable bait base for both selected rodenticides in bringing maximum mortality among the tested rodent pests under both no-choice and choice tests. Therefore, these germinated cereals may be recommended as a bait carrier for both zinc phosphide (2%) and bromadiolone (0.005%) poisons for the control of all these four species of rodent pests under field conditions. However, this requires field based trials with rodenticides for making a final recommendation.

The life history of the rat lung-worm, Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Chen) (Nematoda: Metastrongylidae).

1955 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Mackerras ◽  
DF Sandars
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
The Body ◽  
Angiostrongylus Cantonensis ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Anterior Portion ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Right

Adult Angiostrongylus cantonensis live in the pulmonary arteries. Unsegmented ova are discharged into the blood stream, and lodge as emboli in the smaller vessels. First-stage larvae break through into the respiratory tract, migrate up the trachea, and eventually pass out of the body in the faeces. Slugs (Agriolimax laevis) act as intermediate hosts. Two moults occur in the slug, and third-stage larvae appear about the 17th day. The larvae remain within the two cast skins until freed in the stomach of the rat by digestion. They then pass quickly along the small intestine as far as the lower ileum, where they leave the gut and become blood-borne. They congregate in the central nervous system, and have been found there 17 hr after ingestion. The anterior portion of the cerebrum is the most favoured site, and here the third moult takes place on the sixth or seventh day and the final one between the 11th and 13th days. Young adults emerge on the surface of the brain from the 12th to 14th day, and spend the next 2 weeks in the subarachnoid space. From the 28th to 31st days they migrate to the lungs via the venous system, passing through the right side of the heart to their definitive site in the pulmonary arteries. The prepatent period in the rat usually lies between 42 and 45 days.

Experimental infection routes of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in mice

1991 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 296-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lian-Chen Wang ◽  
David Chao ◽  
Eng-Rin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Skin Penetration ◽  
Oral Infection ◽  
Angiostrongylus Cantonensis ◽  
Common Method ◽  
Vaginal Mucosa ◽  
Subcutaneous Injections ◽  
Experimental Transmission ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Foot Pad

ABSTRACTStomach intubation is the most common method used in the experimental infection of animals with Angiostrongylus cantonensis. In order to compare the effectiveness of other possible transmission methods, groups of BALB/c mice were given infective third-stage larvae of A. cantonensis by different routes including intraperitoneal or subcutaneous injections, and penetration of anal mucosa, vaginal mucosa, conjunctival mucosa, lacerated skin, unabraded skin, foot pad and tail skin, while stomach intubation was used as control. Recovery of fifth-stage larvae was higher in mice inoculated with third-stage larvae subcutaneously. Successful infections were established through all experimental transmission routes except tail skin penetration. This study suggests that oral infection may not be the only route for the transmission of human angiostrongyliasis, and subcutaneous infection may be a better method for experimental infection.

scholarly journals The susceptibility of Rattus rattus and Bandicota bengalensis to a new anticoagulant rodenticide, flocoumafen

1986 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. R. Parshad ◽  
G. Chopra
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Confidence Limits ◽  
Anticoagulant Rodenticide ◽  
Bandicota Bengalensis ◽  
Pretreatment Period ◽  
Choice Tests ◽  
Median Period ◽  
Dose Levels

SUMMARYThe anticoagulant rodenticide flocoumafen was evaluated against Rattus rattus and Bandicota bengalensis, In no-choice 24 h feeding tests 100% mortality occurred at 0·00125% concentration of the poison in the bait in the case of B. bengalensis and at 0·00375% in R. rattus. Feeding of 0·0025% poison bait in 1-day, no-choice and 2-day choice tests resulted in 60% and 75% mortality of R. rattus, respectively, and 100% of B. bengalensis. The differences between the consumption of plain food in the pretreatment period and of poison bait in no-choice tests were non-significant, except in one case. The rodents consumed significantly more (P < 0·01) poison bait than the plain alternative in the choice trials. Median period of survival and its 95% confidence limits of R. rattus and B. bengalensis, at the 100% mortality dose levels of the poison, were 6·3 (5·04–7·88) and 6·2 (4·92–7·81) days respectively.

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