scholarly journals Cell-free varicella-zoster virus in tissue culture

1964 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne E. Caunt ◽  
D. Taylor-Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Virus ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Fluid Phase ◽  
Human Thyroid ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Free Virus ◽  
Thyroid Cells ◽  
Human Amnion ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Complete Form

Infected human thyroid tissue cultures have been found to yield free V-Z virus on ultrasonic disintegration and some virus is also present in the fluid phase of intact tissue cultures, while the yield of virus from infected human amnion cells is very low and no free virus is found in the fluid phase. Thyroid cultures are more susceptible to infection with V-Z virus, and the infected cultures are a better source of complement-fixing antigen, than are amnion cultures.The lack of free virus in infected amnion tissue cultures cannot be attributed to protection by interferon. It also seems likely that if any infectious virus were released it would be more likely to be adsorbed to normal cells than to be inactivated, but as no secondary foci appear in amnion monolayers we conclude that infective virus is not released into the medium.It is suggested that the virus in thyroid cells is present in a more complete form than that in amnion cells.We are grateful to Dr R. M. Rawcliffe of Birkenhead General Hospital and Dr F. Whitwell of Broadgreen Hospital, Liverpool, for arranging the supply of thyroid tissue.

scholarly journals Neutralization tests with varicella-zoster virus

1969 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne E. Caunt ◽  
D. G. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Varicella Zoster Virus ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Gamma Globulin ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Human Thyroid ◽  
Thyroid Cells ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Human Gamma Globulin

SUMMARYA technique for neutralization tests using varicella-zoster virus propagated in primary human thyroid cells is described. The level of neutralizing antibody following chickenpox does not usually exceed a titre of 1/40 and in adults many years after infection it may be very low. After zoster a much higher and more persistent antibody response occurs. Contact with chickenpox also produced a rise in neutralizing antibody in one out of the five patients tested. One case who had had chickenpox but not zoster had a high level of neutralizing antibody and the possible reasons for this are discussed. No cross-neutralization with Herpes simplex virus was demonstrated but the rise in titre of complement-fixing antibody to HS occurring in herpetic subjects with chickenpox (Ross et al. 1965) was confirmed. Two samples of human gamma-globulin were shown to have high levels of neutralizing antibody to V-Z virus and one was known to have been found effective clinically.We are indebted to Dr R. E. Hope-Simpson for the paired contact sera and also for many valuable discussions in the course of this work. We would also like to thank Dr D. Taylor-Robinson who collected the paired zoster sera, Dr R. M. Rawcliffe and Dr F. Whitwell who arranged the supply of thyroid tissue, and Dr G. C. Turner and Dr J. Eller for the samples of human gamma-globulin. We are grateful to Mrs M. Stewart for valuable technical assistance.

AN INVESTIGATION OF THE PATHOGENESIS OF HASHIMOTO'S DISEASE BY THYROID TISSUE CULTURE

1960 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. IRVINE
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Human Thyroid ◽  
Rabbit Serum ◽  
Thyroid Cell ◽  
Thyroid Extract ◽  
Thyroid Cells ◽  
Hashimoto’S Disease ◽  
Hashimoto's Disease

SUMMARY Human thyroid cells were grown in tissue culture in media containing normal human serum, Hashimoto serum, and rabbit sera containing antibodies to purified human thyroglobulin and to crude thyroid extract, respectively. The thyroid cells grew equally well in all media, with the exception of the rabbit serum containing antibodies to crude thyroid extract. Intact thyroid cells obtained from tissue culture failed to fix Hashimoto antibodies in the presence of complement, whereas the constituents of disrupted thyroid cells gave a strongly positive complement-fixation test with Hashimoto serum. It is therefore suggested that the intact thyroid cell is impermeable to complement-fixing Hashimoto antibody. The evidence afforded by the present work adds further weight to the belief that Hashimoto's disease may not be due to a simple auto-immunizing process consequent upon the interaction of thyroid antigen and the known circulating auto-antibodies. Evidence in support of an alternative hypothesis involving 'cell-bound' antibodies with disruption of the follicular basement membrane is discussed.

The revised 8307 base pair coding sequence of human thyroglobulin transiently expressed in eukaryotic cells

1997 ◽  
Vol 136 (5) ◽  
pp. 508-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone A R van de Graaf ◽  
Erwin Pauws ◽  
Jan J M de Vijlder ◽  
Carrie Ris-Stalpers
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Expression System ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Initiation Site ◽  
Human Thyroid ◽  
Translation Initiation Site ◽  
Thyroid Cells ◽  
Coding Sequence ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Human Sequence

Abstract We developed a transient transfection system for human thyroglobulin (TG) cDNA in both human thyroid cells and in COS-1 cells. Four overlapping TG cDNA fragments were amplified by reverse transcription-PCR from RNA of normal thyroid tissue. The most 5′ fragment includes the natural translation initiation site and the sequence encoding the signal peptide (SP). After subcloning, the nucleotide sequence was determined and compared with the published human sequence, resulting in the detection of 30 nucleotide variations. For validation purposes, all variations were screened in 6–12 normal human alleles. Twenty-one were present in all screened alleles and have to be revised in the published nucleotide sequence. Since one variation concerns a triplet insertion, the coding sequence of the mature human thyroglobulin is 8307 nucleotides encoding 2750 amino acids. The TG cDNA constructs were transiently transfected in HTori 3 and COS-1 cells and protein expression was detected using a polyclonal anti-human-TG on fixed cells and after SDS-PAGE. In both cell-lines all four TG protein fragments were expressed. The mannose structures detected on the proteins by lectins and localization after expression in the cells suggest that only the N-terminal TG fragment (containing the SP) is directed to the endoplasmatic reticulum but is unable to reach the Golgi complex. The described expression system in human thyrocytes will be a helpful tool in studying the structure–function relationship of human TG in thyroid hormonogenesis. European Journal of Endocrinology 136 508–515

scholarly journals Detection of SARS-COV-2 receptor ACE-2 mRNA in thyroid cells: a clue for COVID-19-related subacute thyroiditis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rotondi ◽  
F. Coperchini ◽  
G. Ricci ◽  
M. Denegri ◽  
L. Croce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Subacute Thyroiditis ◽  
Human Thyroid ◽  
Thyroid Cell ◽  
Type I ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Follicular Cells ◽  
Thyroid Cells ◽  
Tissue Samples

Abstract Purpose SARS-COV-2 is a pathogenic agent belonging to the coronavirus family, responsible for the current global world pandemic. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) is the receptor for cellular entry of SARS-CoV-2. ACE-2 is a type I transmembrane metallo-carboxypeptidase involved in the Renin-Angiotensin pathway. By analyzing two independent databases, ACE-2 was identified in several human tissues including the thyroid. Although some cases of COVID-19-related subacute thyroiditis were recently described, direct proof for the expression of the ACE-2 mRNA in thyroid cells is still lacking. Aim of the present study was to investigate by RT-PCR whether the mRNA encoding for ACE-2 is present in human thyroid cells. Methods RT-PCR was performed on in vitro ex vivo study on thyroid tissue samples (15 patients undergoing thyroidectomy for benign thyroid nodules) and primary thyroid cell cultures. Results The ACE-2 mRNA was detected in all surgical thyroid tissue samples (n = 15). Compared with two reporter genes (GAPDH: 0.052 ± 0.0026 Cycles−1; β-actin: 0.044 ± 0.0025 Cycles−1; ACE-2: 0.035 ± 0.0024 Cycles−1), the mean level of transcript expression for ACE-2 mRNA was abundant. The expression of ACE-2 mRNA in follicular cells was confirmed by analyzing primary cultures of thyroid cells, which expressed the ACE-2 mRNA at levels similar to tissues. Conclusions The results of the present study demonstrate that the mRNA encoding for the ACE-2 receptor is expressed in thyroid follicular cells, making them a potential target for SARS-COV-2 entry. Future clinical studies in patients with COVID-19 will be required for increase our understanding of the thyroid repercussions of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

scholarly journals The soluble antigens of varicella-zoster virus produced in tissue culture

1961 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne E. Caunt ◽  
C. J. M. Rondle ◽  
A. W. Downie
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Good Yield ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Human Amnion ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Vesicle Fluid ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Virus Strains

It has been found that antigens suitable for routine tests for complement-fixing or precipitating antibodies in the sera of suspected cases of chickenpox or zoster can be readily prepared from tissue cultures of human amnion infected with zostervaricella virus.Useful antigens were obtained when infected cells were incubated at 36°–38° C. in bovine amniotic fluid diluted with an equal volume of Hanks' solution.Virus strains gave a good yield of antigen after two or more passages in tissue culture but one strain in its fiftieth passage did not.Harvested culture fluids require 5- to 20-fold concentration for complement-fixation tests and 100- to 200-fold for precipitation tests; concentration of culture fluids was readily effected by drying from the frozen state after removal of salts by dialysis. Tissue culture antigens gave results by complement-fixation tests which were comparable to those given by a good vesicle fluid.Some evidence was obtained that the antigens responsible for precipitation were not identical with those fixing complement with convalescent sera.

Transient lack of response to TSH of human cultured thyroid cells obtained from hyperfunctioning tissue

1986 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-354
Author(s):  
Annalisa Tanini ◽  
Maria Luisa Brandi ◽  
Umberto Modigliani ◽  
Carlo M. Rotella ◽  
Roberto Toccafondi
Keyword(s):  
Normal Tissue ◽  
Inhibitory Action ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Normal Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Thyroid Cells ◽  
Rate Of Response ◽  
In Cells

Abstract. TSH-induced cAMP accumulation in cells obtained from normal and pathological thyroid tissue was studied during the first 12 days of primary culture. In normal thyroid tissue cultures (N = 7), the response of cAMP to TSH was present from the second day of culture and reached its maximum after 8 days. A similar behaviour was observed in cultures obtained from euthyroid sporadic goitres (N = 8), even if the rate of response was slightly lower than that of normal tissue. Similarly, cultured cells from euthyroid 'autonomous' nodules (N = 8) appeared to be responsive to TSH during the period of study, but the rate of response was also lower than in the controls. On the contrary, in cultures obtained from toxic adenomas (N = 5) and from diffuse toxic goitres (N = 5) the response to TSH was absent during the first 4 days of culture. The cells became sensitive to TSH from 6 and 6 day onwards, with the rate of response increasing progressively and reaching its maximum on day 12. Finally, in cultured cells obtained from different areas of multinodular toxic goitres (N = 4), the response to TSH was similar to that of euthyroid goitres in cells prepared from 'cold' areas, and to that of toxic adenomas in cells obtained from 'hot' areas. The present data demonstrate the existence of an inhibitory action of unknown factors, possibly iodothyronines or thyroglobulin, on the TSH effect in short-term cultures obtained from thyrotoxic tissues. A normal TSH responsiveness can be restored when the culture is prolonged.

scholarly journals An outbreak of aseptic meningitis associated with a previously unrecognized virus

1961 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. B. R. Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Aseptic Meningitis ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Monkey Kidney ◽  
Human Thyroid ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Human Amnion ◽  
Echo Virus

In 1959, 69 cases of aseptic meningitis were admitted to various hospitals in Scotland—all apparently due to a Hitherto unrecognized virus. This agent had the characteristics of an ECHO virus but differed from the 28 ECHO viruses at present recognized. Seventy-five strains of the virus were isolated, and human thyroid and human amnion tissue cultures proved much superior to monkey kidney tissue cultures for its isolation.

IN-VITRO STUDIES OF NORMAL HUMAN THYROID CELLS: RESPONSES TO THYROTROPHIN AND DIBUTYRYL CYCLIC AMP

1977 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. BIDEY ◽  
P. MARSDEN ◽  
J. ANDERSON ◽  
C. G. McKERRON ◽  
H. BERRY
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Human Thyroid ◽  
Dibutyryl Cyclic Amp ◽  
Iodide Uptake ◽  
Thyroid Cells ◽  
Normal Human

SUMMARY Follicular cells isolated from normal human thyroid tissue have been cultured for up to 140 h with bovine thyrotrophin (TSH) or dibutyryl cyclic AMP (DBcAMP). Both compounds induced marked reorganization of the cells into three-dimensional follicular structures, whilst non-supplemented cells assumed a monolayer form. Cultures treated initially with TSH or DBcAMP showed a greater iodide uptake capacity, in comparison with unsupplemented cultures, in which iodide uptake was markedly diminished after 24 h. The release of tri-iodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) into the medium was determined by radioimmunoassay. Both TSH- and DBcAMP-treated cells showed a significant increase in iodothyronine output compared with unsupplemented control cells. In contrast to the 'classical' TSH-induced depression of the T4:T3 ratio in vivo, an increase in the ratio was observed for both TSH- and DBcAMP-supplemented cells in vitro. The ratio was also significantly greater after TSH than after DBcAMP, and possible implications of this finding are discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document