The use of cortical bone grafts in ossiculoplasty

1993 ◽  
Vol 107 (8) ◽  
pp. 686-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Mills
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infection ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Hearing Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Long Term Studies

AbstarctConcern about the possible risk of viral infection being transmitted by the use of homografts has renewed interest in cortical bone autografts as an ossicular substitute. Over the last four years I have used cortical bone on a regular basis. Comparison of hearing results obtained using ossicular and cortical bone grafts shows no significant difference between the two groups. Cortical bone appears to be satisfactory material for ossiculoplasty, but long-term studies of outcome are required to confirm this.

Importance of Eustachian Tube Function in Middle Ear Surgery

1998 ◽  
Vol 77 (9) ◽  
pp. 744-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirko Tos
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Middle Ear Surgery ◽  
Eustachian Tube Function ◽  
Secretory Otitis Media ◽  
Hearing Results ◽  
Tube Function ◽  
Long Term Studies

Poor eustachian tube function plays a major role in the pathogenesis of chronic secretory otitis media. This is illustrated by epidemiologic studies of secretory otitis media and long-term studies of treated secretory otitis. Evaluation of hearing results demonstrate that effective preoperative and postoperative tubal function is highly important for good surgical outcome in cases of chronic otitis and cholesteatoma.

Effectiveness of two tagging devices in the sea cucumber Holothuria (Halodeima) grisea

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 563
Author(s):  
Ruber Rodríguez-Barreras ◽  
Julián López-Morell ◽  
Alberto M. Sabat
Keyword(s):  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
The Body ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Pit Tag ◽  
Sea Cucumbers ◽  
Pit Tags ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Long Term Studies

A reliable and harmless mark–recapture method provides valuable information for the management of commercial sea cucumber species. Nevertheless, marking and tracking sea cucumbers is notoriously difficult and represents a serious challenge. In this study, we tested one external and one internal tag in the sea cucumber Holothuria grisea. A passive integrated transponder (PIT) tag was inserted into the coelomic cavity in one treatment, whereas a T-bar (external tag) was attached in the upper surface of the body wall in the other treatment; sea cucumbers were then followed for 17 weeks. The tagging procedure caused no evisceration in the experimental groups, nor was a significant difference in growth rate found between treatments. The retention of the PIT tag was low, with 100% lost by Week 9. Retention of T-bars was higher, with 90% still attached by the end of the Week 8, but retention decreased thereafter as T-bar absorption increased. No relationship was found between initial weight and the number of weeks PIT tags (r=–0.173, P=0.781) or T-bars (r=–0.220, P=0.652) were retained. Neither the T-bar nor the PIT tags fulfilled the requirements of high retention required for long-term studies. However, we do recommend the use of T-bars for short-term studies for H. grisea under laboratory conditions or in a habitat with low substrate complexity.

Effect of aerobic bacteriology on the clinical presentation and treatment results of chronic suppurative otitis media

1996 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eero Vartiainen ◽  
Jukka Vartiainen
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Hearing Results ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractThe effect of aerobic bacteriology on the clinical presentation, complications of the disease and long-term results of surgical treatment was assessed in a cohort of 368 patients with chronic suppurative otitis media. Bacteriological findings showed no significant difference between child and adult patients. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in cholesteatoma ears more frequently than Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in chronic ears without cholesteatoma the situation was reversed. Bacteriological findings had no significant effect on the incidence of complications caused by the disease. Failures after surgical treatment were most common in Pseudomonas ears. The bacteriology had no significant effect on pre-operative hearing levels nor postoperative hearing results. It was concluded that, in order to improve results of chronic ear sugery, more attention should be paid to pre-operative conservative treatment of chronically discharging ears, especially those infected by P. aeruginosa.

Sagittal spinopelvic parameters in children with achondroplasia: identification of 2 distinct groups

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac O. Karikari ◽  
Ankit I. Mehta ◽  
Can Solakoglu ◽  
Carlos A. Bagley ◽  
Michael C. Ain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sacral Slope ◽  
Spinopelvic Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pediatric Patient Population ◽  
Unpaired Student ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Radiographic Data ◽  
Long Term Studies

Object Spinopelvic parameters in children with achondroplasia have not been described. Because they observed a unique sagittal spinopelvic phenotype in some achondroplastic children with very horizontal sacrums, the authors sought to quantify the spinopelvic parameters in a pediatric patient population. Methods A retrospective review was performed to identify all children (age range 1 month–10 years) with a diagnosis of achondroplasia between 2004 and 2009. Clinical and radiographic data were analyzed for age, sex, lumbar lordosis (LL), thoracic kyphosis (TK), thoracolumbar kyphosis (TLK), sacral slope (SS), pelvic tilt (PT), and pelvic incidence (PI). Differences among these variables were analyzed using a 2-tailed, unpaired Student t-test. Results Forty children, 23 males and 17 females, with achondroplasia were identified during the study period. The mean age was 2.6 years. Two groups of patients were identified based on PT (that is, negative or positive tilt and horizontal or not horizontal sacrum). A negative PT was identified in all children with an extremely horizontal sacrum. Seventeen children had a negative PT (mean −16.6°), and the mean parameters in this group were 65.4° for LL, 31.7° for TLK, 18.5° for TK, 43.3° for SS, and 26.4° for PI. Twenty-three children had a positive PT (mean 17.9°), and the mean parameters in this group were 53.4° for LL, 41.5° for TLK, 9.6° for TK, 30.8° for SS, and 43.8° for PI. A statistically significant difference was observed for LL (p = 0.01), TLK (p = 0.05), SS (p = 0.006), PT (p = 0.006), and PI (0.0002). Conclusions Spinopelvic parameters in achondroplasia are potentially dichotomous. The future implications of this observation are not known and will need to be explored in future long-term studies that follow pediatric patients with achondroplasia through adulthood.

scholarly journals Rare patterns of dorsal puncture inPterostichus oblongopunctatus(Coleoptera: Carabidae)

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4657
Author(s):  
Axel Schwerk ◽  
Radomir Jaskuła
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
The Third ◽  
Identification Keys ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
The Right ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Long Term Studies

BackgroundThe carabid beetle speciesPterostichus oblongopunctatusis common in different types of forests in Poland and Europe. With respect to this species, some unclarities exist concerning the morphological feature of punctures on the elytra.P. oblongopunctatushas dorsal pits in the third interval of the elytra, the available identification keys, however, provide inconsistent information concerning the puncture in other intervals. During long-term studies at different study sites in Poland, the first author rarely but regularly discovered individuals with unusual dorsal puncture patterns, i.e., pits in the fifth and even in the seventh interval of the elytra. Since such rare patterns might be connected with special habitat characteristics, and thus have a potential as an indicator, the aim of the study was to test if they are connected with specific subpopulations (interaction groups), if they are related to the sex or size of the beetles, and if they are related to specific habitat conditions.Material and MethodsWe counted the pits on the elytra, determined the sex, and measured the length of the right elytron of individuals ofP. oblongopunctatuscollected at numerous study sites located within the borders of the Regional Directory of National Forests in Piła (Western Poland) over the period 2014–2016.ResultsAltogether, 1,058 individuals ofP. oblongopunctatuswere subjected to statistical analysis. Almost 19% of the individuals had a dorsal puncture in the fifth interval of the elytra and about 0.7% had a dorsal puncture in the seventh interval of the elytra. In 2014 and 2015, significantly more females exhibited such unusual patterns of dorsal puncture than males. Even if not statistically significant, in 2016 also relatively more females showed such a pattern. Neither males nor females of the analysed individuals with usual puncture patterns showed a significant difference in the length of the right elytron from those with unusual puncture patterns, and neither for males nor for females a significant correlation of the percentage share of the individuals with unusual puncture patterns with the age of the study sites could be detected. However, both males and females with unusual patterns had more dorsal pits than those without. Moreover, males as well as females showed in all those years a trend that the individuals with unusual patterns have more pits in the third interval of the elytra.DiscussionThe results indicate that females are more likely to exhibit unusual patterns. Since individuals ofP. oblongopunctatuswith a higher number of pits on the elytra are supposed to prevail in more wet habitats, such patterns might be related to moisture conditions. The possibility of pits in the seventh interval of the elytra should be added to identification keys.

The use of cortical bone grafts in ossiculoplasty

1993 ◽  
Vol 107 (8) ◽  
pp. 690-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Mills
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Hearing Results ◽  
The Masses

AbstarctThe masses of preserved ossicles and cortical bone grafts have been studied in vitro using a Stanton Unimatic CL41 balance. The cortical bone grafts prepared for use in malleus-stapes assemblies had a mean mass 28 per cent greater than that for an incus, while those prepared for use in a malleus-footplate or drum-footplate assembly had a mean mass 58 per cent greater. Analysis of the hearing results for the first 20 ossiculoplasty operations performed by the author using cortical bone grafts revealed no significant differences in outcome attributable to increased mass. However, large grafts did become fixed to surrounding structures in some cases.

scholarly journals Long-term studies of lobster abundance at a salmon aquaculture site, eastern Canada

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 1096-1102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Grant ◽  
Michelle Simone ◽  
Tara Daggett
Keyword(s):  
Homarus Americanus ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Trap Fishery ◽  
Fishing Area ◽  
Aquaculture Production ◽  
Long Term Studies

Wild lobster (Homarus americanus) abundance was monitored before, during, and after salmon (Salmo salar) aquaculture production in a bay on Grand Manan Island, New Brunswick, Canada, in an 8-year survey, 2008 to 2015. Diver transects and free-area spot-dives were used to measure the carapace length and determine sex (including berried state) of each lobster encountered both inside (farm) and outside (reference) the lease boundaries. In pairwise comparisons of each sampling date, there was no significant difference between the number of lobsters inside the salmon farming area versus a nearby reference site and no significant difference in the number of berried females inside or out of the farm lease area. Combining data from all lobster surveys (farm and reference sites) indicated an increase over 8 years, similar in slope to the increase of the trap fishery in Lobster Fishing Area (LFA) 38. These results indicate that the fish farm had no obvious impact on lobster density at any point in the salmon production cycle and that inshore lobster abundance followed trends similar to those of the general fishery of LFA 38.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Hearing Results of Total Ossicular Chain Autogenous Mastoid Cortical Bone Ossiculoplasty and Titanium Total Ossicular Replacement Prosthesis in Patients with Cholesteatoma

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Ossicular Chain ◽  
Hearing Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ossicular Replacement ◽  
Ossicular Chain Reconstruction ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group D ◽  
Replacement Prosthesis

Background: No studies have investigated the results of ossicular chain reconstruction using mastoid cortical bone ossiculoplasty (MCBO) and titanium total ossicular replacement prosthesis (TiTORP) in Austin-Kartush Group D cholesteatoma patients with severe middle ear risk index (MERI). Objectives: The present study aimed to compare the hearing results of MCBO and TiTORP in Austin-Kartush Group D cholesteatoma patients with severe MERI who underwent ossicular chain reconstruction during primary surgery. Methods: The hearing results of 28 adult cholesteatoma patients who underwent tympanomastoidectomy and ossicular chain reconstruction with MCBO (n=15) or TiTORP (n=13) were analyzed in the current study. The postoperative hearing was tested 12 months after the surgery. The hearing-related functional success rate was determined in accordance with the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation criteria. Results: When all patients were taken into account, the mean preoperative and postoperative air-bone gaps (ABG) were reported as 32.2 decibel (dB) and 17.6 dB, respectively, (P<0.001). In 57.1% of the patients, the mean postoperative ABG was ≤ 20 dB. The mean preoperative and postoperative ABGs of the MCBO group were obtained at 29.9 and 16.2 dB, while these values were reported as 35.0 and 19.3 dB in the TiTORP group (P=0.001 and P<0.001, respectively). Hearing-related functional success rates were calculated at 60.0% and 53.8% in MCBO and TiTORP groups, respectively, without any significant difference between the groups (P= 0.743). Conclusion: As evidenced by the obtained results, MCBO and TiTORP can provide similar and successful hearing results in Austin-Kartush Group D patients with cholesteatoma; nonetheless, MCBO is a more cost-effective option in this regard.

scholarly journals Balloon Pulmonary Angioplasty in Technically Operable and Technically Inoperable Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1038
Author(s):  
Szymon Darocha ◽  
Aleksander Araszkiewicz ◽  
Marcin Kurzyna ◽  
Marta Banaszkiewicz ◽  
Stanisław Jankiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Log Rank Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Balloon Pulmonary Angioplasty ◽  
Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Minute Walk ◽  
Long Term Studies

Background: In this study, we aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) in patients with technically inoperable distal-type chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (d-CTEPH) and technically operable proximal-type disease (p-CTEPH) by analyzing the results of BPA treatment in two collaborating CTEPH referral centers. Methods and results: We assessed hemodynamic results, functional efficacy, complication and survival rate after BPA treatment in 70 CTEPH patients (median age 64 years; (interquartile range (IQR): 52–73 years)), of whom 16 (median age 73 years; (QR 62–82 years)) were in the p-CTEPH subgroup. Altogether, 377 BPA procedures were performed, resulting in significant (p < 0.001) improvement in mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP 48.6 ± 10 vs. 31.3 ± 8.6 mmHg), pulmonary vascular resistance (694 ± 296 vs. 333 ± 162 dynes*s*cm−5), six-minute walk test (365 ± 142 vs. 433 ± 120 metres) and N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (1307 (510–3294) vs. 206 (83–531) pg/mL). The rate of improvement did not differ between the sub-groups. Lung injury episodes and severe hemoptysis were similarly infrequent in d-CTEPH and p-CTEPH (6.4% vs. 5%; p = 0.55 and 1.0% vs. 2.5; p = 0.24, respectively). There was no significant difference between the sub-groups regarding survival (p = 0.53 by log-rank test). Conclusion: BPA may be beneficial in patients with p-CTEPH who cannot undergo pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA). Larger long-term studies are needed to better define the efficacy, safety, and optimal BPA procedural standards in this population.

Implications of Long-Term Studies of Three Model Preschool Programs for Head Start

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence J. Schweinhart ◽  
Elena V. Malofeeva ◽  
Lawrence J. Schweinhart ◽  
Michelle M. Englund ◽  
Arthur J. Reynolds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head Start ◽  
Preschool Programs ◽  
Long Term Studies
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