The prognostic value of mucociliary clearance in predicting success in tympanoplasty

1993 ◽  
Vol 107 (10) ◽  
pp. 895-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Giménez ◽  
J. Marco-Algarra
Keyword(s):  
Saccharin Solution ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Mucociliary Clearance ◽  
Mucociliary Transport ◽  
Transport Time ◽  
Failure Group ◽  
Predicting Success ◽  
Cent Sodium ◽  
Success Group ◽  
Normal Transport

AbstractMucociliary and equipressive eustachian tube functions have been studied, using saccharin solution (five per cent sodium saccharinate) and tubal manometry respectively, in 58 ears with chronic disease undergoing tympanoplasty. The position of the perforation site determines the results as the poorest results are obtained from the posterior ones, positive cases (47 per cent) and mean transport time (37.7 minutes), compared to the greater percentage of positive cases (86 per cent) and mean transport time (22.2 minutes) for anterior perforations.When both parameters are analysed together there is a direct relationship between normal equipressive function and normal mucociliary transport time and between negative transport time and tubal blocking. Significant differences in transport times have been found for the anterior and posterior perforations being shorter for the anterior ones.When surgical outcome is correlated with mucociliary transport, the normal transport time percentage is seen to be considerably higher in the success group (50 per cent) than in the failure group (22 per cent).

Influence of topical phenypropanolamine on tachyphylaxis and mucociliary clearance in the human nose

1988 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 408-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Holmberg ◽  
M. Bende
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Mucociliary Clearance ◽  
Mucociliary Transport ◽  
Cent Solution ◽  
Transport Time ◽  
Reduced Dose ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Mucociliary System ◽  
Dose Response Effect ◽  
Human Nose

AbstractTopical nasal phenylpropanolamine in a 2.5 per cent solution (PPA) was used in an evaluation of the possible development of tachyphylaxis and of possible effects on the mucociliary system after one week of treatment in healthy humans. The tendency of PPA to produce tachyphylaxis was evaluated by rhi-nomanometrie measurements of nasal airway resistance after repeated dose-response provocations. The mucociliary transport time was tested with the saccharine-dye test. No reduced dose-response effect or change in mucociliary transport time was found with PPA, thus indicating that one week of treatment does not contribute to such adverse effects.

scholarly journals Nasal muco-ciliary transport time alteration: efficacy of 18B glycyrrhetinic acid

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desiderio Passali ◽  
Chiara Cappello ◽  
Giulio Cesare Passali ◽  
Cemal Cingi ◽  
Codrut Sarafoleanu
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Spray ◽  
Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Paranasal Sinuses ◽  
Mucociliary Clearance ◽  
Mucociliary Transport ◽  
Clearance Time ◽  
Vasomotor Rhinitis ◽  
Transport Time ◽  
Clearing System ◽  
Objective Reduction

Background: Mucociliary clearance is the main self-clearing system of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. This is a very important means of non specific defence against continuous organic and inorganic contamination conveyed by air. It works by trapping particles and microorganisms in the mucus and then by transporting the mucous film to the pharynx where it is eliminated with a cough or swallowed. Its congenital or acquired abnormalities are involved in the occurrence of widespread infectious and often severe nose and paranasal sinuses diseases; generally concerning the rhinopharyngealtubal district. Restoring mucociliary clearance of the nasal epithelium when altered thus represents a key therapeutic tool against rhinosinus chronic diseases. This study evaluates the clinical efficacy of the inhalation of a natural compound (Narivent® nasal spray) in chronic vasomotor rhinitis. Methods: The study involved 79 patients suffering from chronic vasomotor rhinitis presenting an increased mucociliary clearance time. Patients were randomized into 2 groups: a first group of 49 subjects and a second group of 30 subjects. The first group was treated with a nasal spray (Narivent® nasal spray) (2 sprays per nostril twice a day) for 30 days. The second group was treated with a nasal spray containing isotonic solution in the same way and for the same period of the first group. Nasal Mucociliary transport time was measured in the patients of both groups before treatment, after 15 days of treatment, and at the end of the 30 days treatment. Results: The study shows how one of the treatments carried out determines a major objective reduction of the mucociliary clearance time in the patients under examination, using the method which involves the use of an insoluble coloured tracer (vegetable carbon), bringing the values back within normal range. At the end of the study we objectivated an increase in the rate of mucociliary transport in 97.9% percentage of patients we enrolled. Conclusions: This study shows the effectiveness of treatment with natural extracts with nasal mucosa restoring function in the treatment of chronic vasomotor rhinitis, a nasal inflammatory disease characterized by morphological and functional alteration of the normal nasal mucosa.

Effects of Success and Failure with Institutionalized Mentally Retarded Adults

1966 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 779-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
William I. Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Sorting Task ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Partial Failure ◽  
Failure Group ◽  
Card Sorting Task ◽  
Total Failure ◽  
Success Group

Institutionalized mentally retarded adolescents and young adults ( N = 80) performed on a card-sorting task immediately preceding and following a series of neutral, success, total failure or partial failure experiences. As predicted, the success group demonstrated an increment in performance, the total failure group showed no change in performance, and the partial failure group showed a decrement in performance.

scholarly journals Efektivitas salin hipertonik terhadap waktu transpor mukosiliar dan skor gejala hidung penderita rinitis alergi

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Woro Safitri ◽  
Dwi Reno Pawarti ◽  
Titiek Hidayati Ahadiah
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Symptom Score ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Nasal Symptom ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mucociliary Transport ◽  
Transport Time ◽  
Total Nasal Symptom Score ◽  
The Mean

Latar belakang: Rinitis alergi (RA) adalah suatu penyakit inflamasi mukosa hidung yang diperantara oleh imunoglobulin E (IgE), setelah mukosa hidung terpapar alergen. Tujuan: Mengidentifikasi efektivitas cuci hidung salin hipertonik terhadap waktu transpor mukosiliar dan skor gejala hidung total (SGHT) pada penderita RA. Metode: Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli hingga Desember 2016 di Poli Telinga Hidung Tenggorok – Bedah Kepala Leher Rumah Sakit Dr. Soetomo Surabaya. Uji klinis acak terkontrol pada 2 kelompok dengan desain control group in clinical trial. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara consecutive sampling. Uji korelasi yang digunakan adalah uji t berpasangan dan uji Wilcoxon. Hasil: Didapatkan sampel 42 penderita, yaitu 21 penderita pada kelompok loratadin, serta 21 penderita pada kelompok loratadin dan cuci hidung salin hipertonik. Didapatkan rerata penurunan transpor mukosiliar kelompok loratadin dan cuci hidung salin hipertonik lebih bermakna daripada kelompok loratadin (p=0,001). Penurunan transpor mukosiliar kelompok loratadin didapatkan rerata -2,30 (SD=2,77), kelompok loratadin dan cuci hidung salin hipertonik didapatkan rerata -6,27 (SD=3,91). Penurunan SGHT kelompok loratadin didapatkan rerata -2,48 (SD=1,72), sedangkan kelompok loratadin dan cuci hidung salin hipertonik didapatkan rerata -4,3 (SD=1,20). Kesimpulan: Penambahan cuci hidung salin hipertonik pada terapi loratadin lebih efektif dibandingkan terapi tunggal loratadin dalam menurunkan transpor mukosiliar dan SGHT pada penderita RA. Kata kunci: Loratadin, cuci hidung salin hipertonik, transpor mukosiliar, skor gejala hidung total, rinitis alergi ABSTRACT Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a nasal mucous membrane inflamatory which mediated by Imunoglobulin E (IgE) after allergen exposure in nasal mucosa. Purpose: To identify the effectiveness of nasal hypertonic saline irrigation on reduction of mucociliary transport time (MCTT) and total nasal symptom score (TNSS) in AR patients. Methods: The was conducted from July until December 2016 in Oto Rhino Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery of Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya. The study was randomized controlled clinical trials on two groups, with the control group in clinical trial design. Paired t and Wilcoxon test was used as the correlation test. Results: There was 42 patients, 21 patients in loratadine group, and 21 patients in loratadine with hypertonic nasal saline group. The average of mucociliary transport time decrease of loratadine with hypertonic nasal saline group was more significant than loratadine group (p=0.001). The mean of decreasing mucociliary transport time in loratadine group was -2.30 (SD=2.77) and loratadine with hypertonic nasal saline group was -6.27 (SD=3.91). The mean of decreasing TNSS in loratadin group was -2.48 (SD=1.72), and loratadin with hypertonic nasal saline group was -4.3 (SD=1.20). Conclusions: The addition of hypertonic nasal saline in loratadine was more effective, compared to monotherapy of loratadine in decreasing mucociliary transport time and TNSS in patient with AR. Keywords: Loratadine, hypertonic nasal saline, mucociliary transport, total nasal symptom score, allergic rhinitis

Women Parolees

1965 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara M. Devault
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
State Agency ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Mental Health Clinic ◽  
Group 13 ◽  
Failure Group ◽  
Success Group ◽  
Women Parolees

Sixty-five of the first 76 women seen at the Division of Legal Medicine's mental health clinic, a state agency, at Framingham Reformatory, Framingham, Mass., were later paroled and sub sequently studied in terms of the feasibility of their parole plan and their conduct on parole. The "success" group (23) was compared with the "failure" group (29) ; also included in the study was a smaller group (13) still on parole at the time of the study.

Validation of Psoas Muscle Index as a predictor of successful extubation in elderly intensive care patients: a retrospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumimasa Kobori ◽  
Kazunari Azuma ◽  
Shiro Mishima ◽  
Jun Oda
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Psoas Muscle ◽  
Extubation Failure ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Failure Group ◽  
Success Group ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Abstract Background Extubation failure-associated factors haven't been investigated in elderly patients. We hypothesized that psoas cross-sectional area, an emerging indicator of frailty, can be a predictor of extubation outcomes. Methods This retrospective study analyzed data from patients admitted between January and April 2016 at the intensive care unit (ICU) of the Tokyo Medical University Hospital. Patients were considered eligible if aged ≥65 years, required intubation at the emergency room, and were admitted to ICU for <24 h. Overall, 39 ICU patients were eligible and categorized into two groups: extubation success (n = 24) and extubation failure (n = 15) groups. The psoas cross-sectional area was measured at the third lumbar level on computer tomography images. Regions of interest were drawn freehand to outline the left and right psoas by an emergency physician. The average left and right psoas cross-sectional areas, used as the patient’s psoas cross-sectional area, were calculated. Psoas Muscle Index (PMI) was defined as the psoas cross-sectional area/height 2 . Primary outcome was to evaluate differences between the psoas cross-sectional area and f(PMI) between the groups, if any. Secondary outcome was to derive cut-off values using ROC curves. Results Both groups were comparable in terms of demographic characteristics. Psoas cross-sectional area (success group, 1776.5 ± 498.2 mm 2 , failure group, 1391.2 ± 589.4 mm 2 ; p = 0.022) and PMI (success group, 1089 ± 270.7 mm 2 /m 2 , failure group, 889 ± 338.5 mm 2 /m 2 ; p = 0.032) were significantly greater in the success group than in the failure group. ROC curve of the psoas cross-sectional area and PMI were used to calculate sensitivity and specificity. ROC AUC was 0.74 for psoas cross-sectional area, and at a cut-off of 1260 points, the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were 95.8%, 60.0%, 79.3%, and 90.0%, respectively. ROC AUC for PMI was 0.73, and at a cut-off of 812 points, the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were 95.8%, 46.7%, 74.2%, and 87.5%, respectively. Conclusions The psoas cross-sectional area and PMI can predict extubation outcomes in elderly intensive care patients.

scholarly journals The predictive value of diaphragm ultrasound for weaning outcomes in critically ill children

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Xue ◽  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Chu-Qiao Sheng ◽  
Yu-Mei Li ◽  
Fei-Yong Jia
Keyword(s):  
Critically Ill ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Critically Ill Children ◽  
Failure Group ◽  
Weaning Failure ◽  
Successful Weaning ◽  
Success Group ◽  
Linear Correlation Analysis ◽  
Weaning Outcome

Abstract Introduction Multiple studies have shown that diaphragmatic ultrasound can better predict the outcome of weaning in adults. However, there are few studies focusing on children, leading to a lack of sufficient clinical evidence for the application of diaphragmatic ultrasound in children. The purpose of this study was to investigate the predictive value of diaphragm ultrasound for weaning outcomes in critically ill children. Methods The study included 50 cases whose mechanical ventilation (MV) time was > 48 h, and all eligibles were divided into either the weaning success group (n = 39) or the weaning failure group (n = 11). Diaphragm thickness, diaphragmatic excursion (DE), and diaphragmatic thickening fraction (DTF) were measured in the zone of apposition. The maximum inspiratory pressure (PImax) was also recorded. Results The ventilatory treatment time (P = 0.002) and length of PICU stay (P = 0.013) in the weaning failure group was longer than the success group. Cut-off values of diaphragmatic measures associated with successful weaning were ≥ 21% for DTF with a sensitivity of 0.82 and a specificity of 0.81, whereas it was ≥0.86 cm H2O/kg for PImax with a sensitivity of 0.51 and a specificity of 0.82. The linear correlation analysis showed that DTF had a significant positive correlation with PImax in children (P = 0.003). Conclusions Diaphragm ultrasound has potential value in predicting the weaning outcome of critically ill children. DTF and PImax presented better performance than other diaphragmatic parameters. However, DE has limited value in predicting weaning outcomes of children with MV. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ChiCTR1800020196, (Dec 2018).

scholarly journals Interaction between ion transporters and the mucociliary transport system in dog and baboon

1997 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 1348-1359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scot L. Winters ◽  
Donovan B. Yeates
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Mucociliary Clearance ◽  
Beat Frequency ◽  
Nuclear Imaging ◽  
Ciliary Beat Frequency ◽  
Lung Deposition ◽  
Mucociliary Transport ◽  
Ion Transporters ◽  
Dry Air

Winters, Scot L., and Donovan B. Yeates. Interaction between ion transporters and the mucociliary transport system in dog and baboon. J. Appl. Physiol. 83(4): 1348–1359, 1997.—To gain insight into the role of epithelial ion channels, pumps, and cotransporters in regulating airway water and mucociliary transport, we administered inhibitors of the Na+ channel (amiloride), 3Na-2K-adenosinetriphosphatase (acetylstrophanthidin), and Na-K-2Cl cotransporter (furosemide) to anesthetized dogs and/or baboons. Tracheal ciliary beat frequency was measured by using heterodyne laser light scattering. Tracheal mucus velocity (TMV) and bronchial mucociliary clearance (BMC) or lung mucociliary clearance were measured by using radioaerosols and nuclear imaging. Respiratory tract fluid output was collected by using a secretion-collecting endotracheal tube. In six dogs, amiloride aerosol [lung deposition, 96 ± 11 μg (means ± SE)] had minimal effect, whereas acetylstrophanthidin aerosol (lung deposition, 71 ± 9 μg) increased BMC, and furosemide (40 mg iv) markedly increased TMV. In five baboons, TMV increased after iv furosemide administration (2 mg/kg) as well as by aerosol (lung deposition, 20 ± 3 mg), coincident with increases in ciliary-mucus coupling from 11.5 ± 0.1 to 29.5 ± 0.4 and 46.5 ± 0.7 μm/beat, respectively. Furosemide also increased lung mucociliary clearance in baboons. In dogs, respiratory tract fluid output increased after intravenous furosemide from 2.2 ± 0.5 to 6.8 ± 1.7 mg/min. When combined with dry-air inhalation, furosemide failed to stimulate TMV and reversed the inhibition of BMC by dry air. Thus pharmacological manipulation of the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter and the 3Na-2K-adenosinetriphosphatase pump may provide increases of clinical relevance in airway hydration and mucociliary transport.

The Role of Rhinomanometry, Acoustic Rhinometry, and Mucociliary Transport Time in the Assessment of Nasal Patency

2000 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 397-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desiderio Passàli ◽  
Chiara Mezzedimi ◽  
Giulio Cesare Passàli ◽  
Daniele Nuti ◽  
Luisa Bellussi
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Obstruction ◽  
Acoustic Rhinometry ◽  
Mucociliary Transport ◽  
Nasal Patency ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Transport Time ◽  
Subjective Assessments ◽  
Symptom Scores ◽  
Objective Tests

We conducted a study of 60 patients with different nasal pathologies who complained of nasal obstruction. Our goal was to evaluate the reliability of rhinomanometry, acoustic rhinometry, and the measurement of mucociliary transport time in helping make the diagnosis of nasal pathologies. We also sought to discover whether there is a correlation between the findings of these objective tests and the results of patients’ own subjective assessments of nasal obstruction. We found that acoustic rhinometry was more specific and more sensitive than rhinomanometry in diagnosing rhinopathies inpatients with structural anomalies. Symptom scores as rated by patients on the visual analog scale frequently did not correlate with objective measures, as patients often overestimated the severity of their obstruction. However, for a few patients, there was a correlation between symptom scores and mucociliary transport times.

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