History of intranasal splints

2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Lau ◽  
H A Elhassan ◽  
N Singh
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Nasal Surgery ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Silicon Rubber ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
History Of ◽  
Haematoma Formation ◽  
Over Time

AbstractObjective:Intranasal splints have long been utilised as a post-operative adjunct in septoplasty, intended to reduce the risk of adhesions and haematoma formation, and to maintain alignment during healing.Methods:A Medline literature review of the history and evolution of intranasal splint materials and designs was performed. Advantages and disadvantages of various splints are discussed.Results:Intranasal splints fashioned from X-ray film were first reported in 1955. Since then, a variety of materials have been utilised, including polyethylene coffee cup lids, samarium cobalt magnets and dental utility wax. Most contemporary splints are produced from silicon rubber or polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon). Designs have varied in thickness, flexibility, shape, absorption and the inclusion of built-in airway tubes. Future directions in splint materials and designs are discussed.Conclusion:Intranasal splints have steadily evolved since 1955, with numerous novel innovations. Despite their simplicity, they play an important role in nasal surgery and will continue to evolve over time.

scholarly journals Chinese Whispers: A brief history of eponymous orthopaedic examinations

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-234
Author(s):  
Emily L Humphries ◽  
Felix Allen ◽  
Simon Grange ◽  
Andrew Goldberg ◽  
Peter Smitham
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Diagnostic Imaging ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
History Of ◽  
Education Today ◽  
Over Time

Eponymous orthopaedic examinations frequently appear in modern clinical examinations, yet their original description and cause for change are often omitted from medical education today. This is important to appreciate in order to understand their diagnostic relevance in modern medicine and subsequent interpretation of results by fellow clinicians. This article reviews the original description of these tests by their namesakes, how they have evolved over time and their relevance in orthopaedics today. An online literature review (PubMed) was conducted of the original descriptions and other published literature detailing their history, evolution, sensitivity and specificity. While elements of these tests have been lost naturally over time to the ‘Chinese Whispers’ effect, most have evolved positively secondary to a deepening anatomical and pathological understanding of their target conditions. They retain some usefulness in clinical medicine, however it is recognized that their diagnostic value is invariably supplanted by improvements in diagnostic imaging.

A moist edge environment aids the regeneration of traumatic tympanic membrane perforations

2017 ◽  
Vol 131 (7) ◽  
pp. 564-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z C Lou ◽  
Z H Lou
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Tympanic Membrane Perforation ◽  
Crust Formation ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Tympanic Membrane Perforations ◽  
Membrane Perforation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Topical Applications

AbstractObjective:To review the history of moist therapy used to regenerate traumatic tympanic membrane perforations.Study design:Literature review.Methods:The literature on topical agents used to treat traumatic tympanic membrane perforations was reviewed, and the advantages and disadvantages of moist therapy were analysed.Results:A total of 76 studies were included in the analysis. Topical applications of certain agents (e.g. growth factors, Ofloxacin Otic Solution, and insulin solutions) to the moist edges of traumatic tympanic membrane perforations shortened closure times and improved closure rates.Conclusion:Dry tympanic membrane perforation edges may be associated with crust formation and centrifugal migration, delaying perforation closure. On the contrary, moist edges inhibit necrosis at the perforation margins, stimulate proliferation of granulation tissue and aid eardrum healing. Thus, moist perforation margins upon topical application of solutions of appropriate agents aid the regeneration of traumatic tympanic membrane perforations.

scholarly journals Weight-Sharing Neural Architecture Search: A Battle to Shrink the Optimization Gap

2022 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 1-37
Author(s):  
Lingxi Xie ◽  
Xin Chen ◽  
Kaifeng Bi ◽  
Longhui Wei ◽  
Yuhui Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Search Efficiency ◽  
Search Methods ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Neural Architecture ◽  
The Future

Neural architecture search (NAS) has attracted increasing attention. In recent years, individual search methods have been replaced by weight-sharing search methods for higher search efficiency, but the latter methods often suffer lower instability. This article provides a literature review on these methods and owes this issue to the optimization gap . From this perspective, we summarize existing approaches into several categories according to their efforts in bridging the gap, and we analyze both advantages and disadvantages of these methodologies. Finally, we share our opinions on the future directions of NAS and AutoML. Due to the expertise of the authors, this article mainly focuses on the application of NAS to computer vision problems.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Nina Macaraig
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Identity Change ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Over Time

Do monuments have lives that justify writing their biographies? And if they do, are their lives punctuated by events and structured by relationships, similar to human lives? Do they have an identity of their own, and does this identity change over time? In addition to introducing the Çemberlitaş Hamamı briefly and providing a literature review of the topic of hamams, the introduction takes up these questions and examines the notions of individuality and biography within the Islamic and Ottoman context. Furthermore, it justifies applying the format of a biographical narrative to the history of the hamam.

RA06.04: THE DEVELOPMENT AND NATURAL HISTORY OF A HIATA HERNIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 30-31
Author(s):  
Walaa Abdelmoaty ◽  
Christy Dunst ◽  
Jarvis Walters ◽  
Carmen Tugulan ◽  
Huy Doan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Paraesophageal Hernia ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Intrathoracic Stomach ◽  
X Ray ◽  
History Of ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Little is known about the initial development and natural history of a hiatal hernia. Methods A database containing 12,050 upper gastrointestinal (UGI) studies dating from 1991 to 2013 was queried to identify patients that had more than one study a minimum of 5 years apart showing a hernia. The x-ray films or digital images were reviewed and the type and size of any hernia determined. Results There were 56 patients with 133 UGI studies. On initial UGI; 13 patients had no hernia, 35 patients had a sliding hernia (SH), and 8 patients had a paraesophageal hernia (PEH). Follow-up UGI results are shown in the Figure. A third or fourth UGI study was available for 17 patients. Over a median of 41 months, the most recent UGI showed that the majority (78%) of SH increased in size, with 1 changing to PEH. Among patients with PEH, 2 were already completely intrathoracic stomachs and on most recent UGI 4 of the remaining 6 increased in size with 1 turning into complete intrathoracic stomach. Conclusion Most PEHs (77%) started out as a SH. Over time the majority of both SH and PEH increase in size, with many PEH becoming completely intrathoracic stomachs. Given the risks associated with a PEH, patients with SH should be re-evaluated for progression of their hernia. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

scholarly journals Attitudes and Arguments in the Voluntary Assisted Dying Debate in Australia: What Are They and How Have They Evolved Over Time?

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12327
Author(s):  
Tracee Kresin ◽  
Jacinta Hawgood ◽  
Diego De Leo ◽  
Frank Varghese
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Assisted Dying ◽  
History Of ◽  
Over Time

This paper provides a broad discussion about voluntary assisted dying (VAD) in Australia. The discussion examines the history of the VAD debate in Australia and whether public support for VAD and the arguments that have provided the framework for the VAD debate have evolved over time. This seems a prudent time to have such a discussion, given the very recent rush by all Australian states to bring about or attempt to bring about VAD legislation. This rush, inexplicably perhaps, comes after decades of attempted but failed progress in the legalisation of VAD in Australia. The authors attempted to undertake a systematic literature review for this paper, but the paucity of academic research and the lack of consistent terminology in this area made such a search untenable. Instead, the authors examined parliamentary documentation and then widened the search via the sources found within this documentation. The examination of available data showed that VAD has enjoyed significant public support from Australians over time and that the arguments in the VAD debate in Australia have been consistent over time.

On the Individual

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Magnusson
Keyword(s):  
School Psychologist ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Developmental Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Over Time

A description of two cases from my time as a school psychologist in the middle of the 1950s forms the background to the following question: Has anything important happened since then in psychological research to help us to a better understanding of how and why individuals think, feel, act, and react as they do in real life and how they develop over time? The studies serve as a background for some general propositions about the nature of the phenomena that concerns us in developmental research, for a summary description of the developments in psychological research over the last 40 years as I see them, and for some suggestions about future directions.

Mental health care for rural veterans: A systematic literature review, descriptive analysis, and future directions.

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Bumgarner ◽  
Elizabeth J. Polinsky ◽  
Katharine G. Herman ◽  
Joanne M. Fordiani ◽  
Carmen P. Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Future Directions

Pneumomediastinum: A Rare Presentation of Inflicted Injuries in Infants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Lee ◽  
Adam Bajinting ◽  
Abby Lunneen ◽  
Colleen M. Fitzpatrick ◽  
Gustavo A. Villalona
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum ◽  
Nonaccidental Trauma ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Review ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
History Of

AbstractReports of incidental pneumomediastinum in infants secondary to inflicted trauma are limited. A retrospective review of infants with pneumomediastinum and history of inflicted trauma was performed. A comprehensive literature review was performed. Three infants presented with pneumomediastinum associated with inflicted trauma. Mean age was 4.6 weeks. All patients underwent diagnostic studies, as well as a standardized evaluation for nonaccidental trauma. All patients with pneumomediastinum were resolved at follow-up. Review of the literature identified other cases with similar presentations with related oropharyngeal injuries. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum in previously healthy infants may be associated with inflicted injuries. Clinicians should be aware of the possibility of an oropharyngeal perforation related to this presentation.

Lingual Dystonia Treated with Botulinum Toxin - A Case Report

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-78
Author(s):  
MA Hayee ◽  
QD Mohammad ◽  
H Rahman ◽  
M Hakim ◽  
SM Kibria
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Botulinum Toxin A ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type A ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Lingual Dystonia ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chest X Ray

A 42-year-old female presented in Neurology Department of Sir Salimullah Medical College with gradually worsening difficulty in talking and eating for the last four months. Examination revealed dystonic tongue, macerated lips due to continuous drooling of saliva and aspirated lungs. She had no history of taking antiparkinsonian, neuroleptics or any other drugs causing dystonia. Chest X-ray revealed aspiration pneumonia corrected later by antibiotics. She was treated with botulinum toxin type-A. Twenty units of toxin was injected in six sites of the tongue. The dystonic tongue became normal by 24 hours. Subsequent 16 weeks follow up showed very good result and the patient now can talk and eat normally. (J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2006; 24: 75-78)

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