Protestantism and Indigenous Mobilisation: The Moravian Church among the Miskitu Indians of Nicaragua

1997 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUSAN HAWLEY
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Catholic Priest ◽  
Economic Context ◽  
Internal Conflicts ◽  
Moravian Church ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Church

This article examines the role of the Protestant Moravian Church in the politicisation of Miskitu ethnic identity, and on the mobilisation of the Miskitu against the Sandinistas during the 1980s. It argues that changes in the institution of the Church during the 1960s and 70s, as a result of state policy, socio-economic context and internal conflicts within Miskitu society, led to Moravianism becoming a cultural marker of Miskitu ethnicity. At the same time, the encounter with and appropriation of the pastoral tactics of a Catholic priest resulted in a radicalisation of Miskitu Moravian pastors on indigenous issues. When the Miskitu came to mobilise against the Sandinistas, the Moravian Church was the expressive vehicle and the institutional means through which the mobilisation took place. The article reveals how politicised ethnic identities find their expression in religious institutions.

Institutionalization and Evangelization in the Argentine Church: Córdoba Under Zenón Bustos, 1905-1919

1989 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-381
Author(s):  
Arthur R. Liebscher
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Pastoral Care ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Central City ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
The People ◽  
National Leadership ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Church

To the dismay of today's social progressives, the Argentine Catholic church addresses the moral situation of its people but also shies away from specific political positions or other hint of secular involvement. At the beginning of the twentieth century, the church set out to secure its place in national leadership by strengthening religious institutions and withdrawing clergy from politics. The church struggled to overcome a heritage of organizational weakness in order to promote evangelization, that is, to extend its spiritual influence within Argentina. The bishop of the central city of Córdoba, Franciscan Friar Zenón Bustos y Ferreyra (1905-1925), reinforced pastoral care, catechesis, and education. After 1912, as politics became more heated, Bustos insisted that priests abstain from partisan activities and dedicate themselves to ministry. The church casts itself in the role of national guardian, not of the government, but of the faith and morals of the people.

scholarly journals The Role of Religious Leaders in Religious Heritage Tourism Development: The Case of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints

Religions ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 256
Author(s):  
Daniel H. Olsen ◽  
Scott C. Esplin
Keyword(s):  
Jesus Christ ◽  
Heritage Tourism ◽  
Latter Day Saints ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Sacred Sites ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Religious Rituals ◽  
The Church

For centuries, people have traveled to sacred sites for multiple reasons, ranging from the performance of religious rituals to curiosity. As the numbers of visitors to religious heritage sites have increased, so has the integration of religious heritage into tourism supply offerings. There is a growing research agenda focusing on the growth and management of this tourism niche market. However, little research has focused on the role that religious institutions and leadership play in the development of religious heritage tourism. The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of religious leaders and the impacts their decisions have on the development of religious heritage tourism through a consideration of three case studies related to recent decisions made by the leadership of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.

scholarly journals Menyelesaikan Konflik Kerukuan Umat Beragama Dengan Hati

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Mashudi Mashudi
Keyword(s):  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Church

This paper tries to uncover the alleged conflict regarding the building of the church in the village of the Dermolo Kembang District Jepara Regency precarious and prone to conflict ended with shade. Also who those parties are considered to play a role in the effort to create a conducive climate. As a result, first, in order to optimize the role of religious institutions to manage the plurality of fine, completion of religious harmony in the village Dermolo Jepara regency using hearted approach, meaning invited intensive communication and sit down with all parties on a regular basis until otherwise completed while wary lest result of the agreement provoked by the person who does not like the conditions of security and peace. Second, community, religious leaders, and religious institutions play an important role in creating such harmony.

scholarly journals Requiem for Akhmatova

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Iurii Eduardovich Serov
Keyword(s):  
Research Subject ◽  
Quality Performance ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Modern Language ◽  
Russian Music ◽  
Symphonic Orchestra ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Church

The research subject is a monumental semi-orchestral composition created by an outstanding Russian composer of the late 20th century Boris Tischenko “Requiem” with lyrics by A. Akhmatova. A funeral service over Akhmatova was read at the church of St. Nicholas Naval Cathedral in Leningrad on March 10, 1966. The score of the “Requiem” was finished on August 16, 1966. Thus, the composition with the lyrics by Akhmatova has become a tribute to her, a musical offering, and even the first monument not built with hands. The author gives special attention to the symphonic form of the “Requiem”, differences in the interpretations of the poetic theme in the works of Tischenko and Akhmatova, the role of the symphonic orchestra and the leading singers; the author also considers an important issue of a high-quality performance of the hardest scores created by Tischenko. The main conclusion of the research is the fact that Tischenko’s “Requiem” has become an important element in the process of renovation of Russian symphonic style of the 1960s - the 1970s. As a composition, written in a modern language, it has become one of the drivers of this renovation. As such, the composition is a vocal symphony, and the composer develops the symphonic form step-by-step. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the fact that it is the first work in Russian musicology to consider Tischenko’s “Requiem” in detail, to reveal the contensive aspect of the composition, and to analyze the difficulties of performing the composition. The author reasonably reckons the symphonic composition by Tischenko among the most significant pieces in the history of Russian music.   

Tracking, Inequality, and the Rhetoric of Reform: Why Schools Don't Change

1986 ◽  
Vol 168 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeannie Oakes
Keyword(s):  
Educational Reform ◽  
Equal Opportunity ◽  
Minority Children ◽  
Economic Context ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Social Conservatism

This paper looks critically at the historical, political, and economic context of differentiated schooling. The argument is made that this context explains the failure to address inequality in the current agenda for educational reform. The present inattention reflects the politics of economic scarcity and social conservatism, but, more importantly, it reflects persistent and deeply rooted assumptions about human abilities and the role of schools in providing equal opportunity. Neither the mood of generosity toward poor and minority children in the 1960s nor the current stinginess has altered the enduring differentiated structure of school.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Robert Reed
Keyword(s):  
Political Organization ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Black Metropolis ◽  
Northern Cities ◽  
Professional Class ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Church ◽  
Northern City

For over a half century, perhaps the best scholarly work exploring African American life in large, industrialized, northern cities with expanding populations has been St. Clair Drake and Horace R. Cayton's Black Metropolis: A Study of Negro Life in a Northern City (1945). However, a formal history examining businesses as part of an institutional structure, the role of a professional class, religion and the church, and political organization was never undertaken in Black Metropolis. The present volume presents the contributing factors that produced the contemporarily recognized dynamism of the period between 1920 and 1929 as well as the many impediments encountered. Hindsight has produced a view of life in this vibrant area of settlement, one that was not yet the “ghetto” that future historians in the 1960s would envision and write about.

Shaping society and urban fabric in Crusader Jerusalem

Urban History ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Anna Gutgarts
Keyword(s):  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Religious Institution ◽  
Close Collaboration ◽  
Urban Fabric ◽  
Civic Society ◽  
Urban Dynamics ◽  
Latin East ◽  
The City ◽  
The Church

AbstractThis study addresses the interplay between the formation of civic society and urban development in the Latin East, particularly in the city of Jerusalem. It argues that while the municipal mechanisms that were formed in Jerusalem during the first half of the twelfth century drew on Western European models, they were adapted to meet the challenges of the young capital of the Latin Kingdom. The process revolves around the pivotal role of the patriarch and the clergy of the church of the Holy Sepulchre, Jerusalem's most important religious institution at the time, in the moulding of the urban fabric. This was realized through a close collaboration with the local burgess class, followed by the rise of new religious institutions that spurred the transition to a new urban balance. These processes demonstrate the reciprocity between spatial, social and economic factors in the shaping of the cityscape and urban dynamics in Frankish Jerusalem.

scholarly journals The cult of the tsar and its promotion by Orthodox religious institutions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ion Gumenai ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Component Part ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Imperial Family ◽  
The Church

With the annexation of Bessarabia to the Russian Empire, not only economic, political and cultural changes took place, but also spiritual ones. The strengthening of the role of the Orthodox Church for the idea of the Russian press will take place with the launch by Nicholas I of the well–known triad: “Orthodoxy, autocracy, people” – the three pillars on which Russian statehood will be based. It is interesting that “orthodoxy” in this triad occupies the primordial place and this in a multinational and multi–denominational state, and “autocracy” is on second place giving way to the Church. This position of the Russian Orthodox Church existed before and has been preserved since, with slogans such as “For Faith, the Tsar and Fatherland” or “Russian God, Russian Tsar and Russian People”. Obviously, for this position, the Orthodox Church had to make a significant effort to spread the cult of the tsar, which also refers to Bessarabia as a component part of this colossus. And this is done through all existing measures and possibilities. This also refers to the publicity of books invoking the entire imperial family, to the publication of instructions and special regulations related to the manner and rules of performing divine services in honor of the emperor and the imperial family, as well as various actions aimed at promoting the imperial image.

A Shot in the Foot

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-71
Author(s):  
George Harinck
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Welfare Work ◽  
The Social ◽  
Moral Boundaries ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Reversal Of Fortune ◽  
The Church

Historiography of the Netherlands 1945–1970 leaves one with the impression that the church as an actor in society had already acknowledged that it was obsolete. The role of the church in these decades is above all a passive one: at first the church does not do anything of importance within society, and subsequently it is abandoned by it. This impression overlooks the fact that the church—Catholic as well as Protestant, but this article is focused on the two largest Dutch Protestant denominations—changed its attitude towards society in these decades immensely. From institutions that sustained the societal order they became its major critic, calling for justice in a welfare state that blurred moral boundaries. This change is most clear in the new role the diaconie [the social welfare work of the church] assumed. Now the welfare state took care of the material needs of the destitute, the diaconie focused on social and also counter-cultural church social welfare work. The churches’ criticism of especially Protestant civil society ultimately achieved the opposite of what it was aiming for: in the hope that they could change the character of society and under their influence bring about salvation, their criticism led externally to a further weakening and a greater invisibility of the church in society. The churches’ new role engendered much debate in the 1960s in and outside the churches, but the result was increasing isolation. This became visible when members started to leave the church en masse in the 1960s and 1970s. The abandonment of the churches in favour of society that occurred during the 1960s and 1970s was preceded by the churches’ rejection of that very same society. In other words, the churches were not overcome by this reversal of fortune, but had themselves provoked it.

Looking Beyond the Church: The Religious Crisis of Dutch Public Life During the 1960s

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 452-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Religious Change ◽  
Dutch Society ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Religious Actors ◽  
Religious Crisis ◽  
The Church

Many parts of Western Europe and North America experienced as Hugh McLeod has noted a ‘religious crisis’ in the 1960s. Yet, this multifaceted ‘religious crisis’ did not affect ‘the church’ alone, as McLeod's work strongly suggests. Politics and civil society also changed substantially. Hit particularly hard by the change in religious sensibilities was the Netherlands, where half the population went to church regularly until the mid-1960s, after which attendance declined rapidly. More than in most other parts of Western Europe, rapid religious change brought about a serious crisis to the institutions of Dutch society. This article seeks to explore the dynamics of traversing the transition from a ‘Christian country’ to a ‘civilised society’ in the course of the Dutch 1960s. In the Netherlands, that transition was relatively rapid and in some respects went further than elsewhere. At the same time, the changes also afforded religious civil society and politics continued opportunities for public presence. In looking at the Netherlands, this contribution hopes to problematize and make new distinctions in McLeod's typification of the 1960s as a decade that hit primarily ‘the churches,’ opening the way to consider the role of other kinds of ‘religious actors’ in this crucial decade, and in its aftermath.

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