Lichen Recolonization of Trees in the Jardin du Luxembourg, Paris

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. D. Seaward ◽  
M. A. Letrouit-Galinou
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Marked Improvement ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Lichen Species ◽  
Recent Survey ◽  
Epiphytic Lichens ◽  
The Past

AbstractA recent survey of epiphytic lichens in the Jardin du Luxembourg has shown there to be a marked improvement in the air quality of Paris over the past decade. Recolonization by at least 11 lichen species has occurred during that period. It has taken almost 100 years for epiphytic lichens to re-establish in the Jardin du Luxembourg, where William Nylander in the 1890s was able to amply confirm his far reaching hypothesis, made 30 years earlier, on the direct relationship between lichen survival and air pollution.

scholarly journals Air quality indication in Blace (Southeastern Serbia) using lichens as bioindicators

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 893-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Stamenkovic ◽  
Svetlana Ristic ◽  
Tatjana Djekic ◽  
Tatjana Mitrovic ◽  
Rada Baosic
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Epiphytic Lichens ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Normal Zone ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The City ◽  
Southeastern Serbia

Air quality investigations have not been undertaken in Blace until now. Identifying the presence of different types of epiphytic lichens was performed in the summer 2012 in Blace (southeastern Serbia), and selected rural settlements around Blace, in order to establish the air quality of the area. The analysis of samples from described localities indicated the presence of 25 lichen taxa from 19 genera. Using the Index of Atmospheric Purity (IAP), it was found that there are 2 different air pollution zones in Blace: ?lichen desert? and ?transitional? or ?struggle zone?, which includes the periphery of the city. In these zones the air is moderately polluted. In the urban area of Blace there is no ?normal? zone, but one was detected in the surrounding rural areas.

VALORIZATION OF THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT OF SOUTH SERBIA FROM THE AIR QUALITY ASPECT

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 1329-1333
Author(s):  
Miodrag Šmelcerović
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Pollution Sources ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Cause And Effect ◽  
Sources Of Pollution

The protection of the environment and people’s health from negative influences of the pollution of air as a medium of the environment requires constant observing of the air quality in accordance with international standards, the analysis of emission and imission of polluting matters in the air, and their connection with the sources of pollution. Having in mind the series of laws and delegated legislations which define the field of air pollution, it is necessary to closely observe these long-term processes, discovering cause-and-effect relationships between the activities of anthropogenic sources of emission of polluting matters and the level of air degradation. The relevant evaluation of the air quality of a certain area can be conducted if the level of concentration of polluting matters characteristic for the pollution sources of this area is observed in a longer period of time. The data obtained by the observation of the air pollution are the basis for creation of the recovery program of a certain area. Vranje is a town in South Serbia where there is a bigger number of anthropogenic pollution sources that can significantly diminish the air quality. The cause-and-effect relationship of the anthropogenic sources of pollution is conducted related to the analysis of systematized data which are in the relevant data base of the authorized institution The Institute of Public Health Vranje, for the time period between the year of 2012. and 2017. By the analysis of data of imission concentrations of typical polluting matters, the dominant polluting matters were determined on the territory of the town of Vranje, the ones that are the causers of the biggest air pollution and the risk for people’s health. Analysis of the concentration of soot, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides indicates their presence in the air of Vranje town area in concentrations that do not exceed the permitted limit values annually. The greatest pollution is caused by the soot content in the air, especially in the winter period when the highest number of days with the values above the limit was registered. By perceiving the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors, it is clear that the concentration of polluting matters can be decreased only by establishing control over anthropogenic sources of pollution, and thus it can be contributed to the improvement of the air quality of this urban environment.

scholarly journals Contribution of Local and Transboundary Air Pollution to the Urban Air Quality of Fukuoka, Japan

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 431
Author(s):  
Ayako Yoshino ◽  
Akinori Takami ◽  
Keiichiro Hara ◽  
Chiharu Nishita-Hara ◽  
Masahiko Hayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Gaseous Species ◽  
Transboundary Air Pollution ◽  
Local Air Pollution ◽  
The City

Transboundary air pollution (TAP) and local air pollution (LAP) influence the air quality of urban areas. Fukuoka, located on the west side of Japan and affected by TAP from the Asian continent, is a unique example for understanding the contribution of LAP and TAP. Gaseous species and particulate matter (PM) were measured for approximately three weeks in Fukuoka in the winter of 2018. We classified two distinctive periods, LAP and TAP, based on wind speed. The classification was supported by variations in the concentration of gaseous species and by backward trajectories. Most air pollutants, including NOx and PM, were high in the LAP period and low in the TAP period. However, ozone was the exception. Therefore, our findings suggest that reducing local emissions is necessary. Ozone was higher in the TAP period, and the variation in ozone concentration was relatively small, indicating that ozone was produced outside of the city and transported to Fukuoka. Thus, air pollutants must also be reduced at a regional scale, including in China.

scholarly journals IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF INFORMATION SUPPORT FOR MONITORING AIR POLLUTION FROM VEHICLES (CASE STUDY OF ST. PETERSBURG)

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
V. N. Lozhkin ◽  
◽  
O. V. Lozhkina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Information Process ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Standard Limit ◽  
The City ◽  
Original Information

Introduction. St. Petersburg is the cultural and sea capital of Russia. The city is characterized by environmental problems typical for the largest cities in the world. It has a technical system for instrumental online monitoring and computational forecasting of air quality. Methods. The system maintains the information process by means of computational monitoring of its current and future state. Results. The paper describes methodological approaches to the generation of instrumental information about the structure and intensity of traffic flows in the urban road network and its digital transformation into GIS maps of air pollution in terms of pollutants standard limit values excess. Conclusion. The original information technology for air quality control was introduced at the regional level in the form of an official methodology and is used in environmental management activities.

scholarly journals REAL-TIME ENVIRONMENTAL SENSORS TO IMPROVE HEALTH IN THE SENSING CITY

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B2 ◽  
pp. 729-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Marek ◽  
M. Campbell ◽  
M. Epton ◽  
M. Storer ◽  
S. Kingham
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Actual Usage

The opportunity of an emerging smart city in post-disaster Christchurch has been explored as a way to improve the quality of life of people suffering Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), which is a progressive disease that affects respiratory function. It affects 1 in 15 New Zealanders and is the 4th largest cause of death, with significant costs to the health system. While, cigarette smoking is the leading cause of COPD, long-term exposure to other lung irritants, such as air pollution, chemical fumes, or dust can also cause and exacerbate it. Currently, we do know little what happens to the patients with COPD after they leave a doctor’s care. By learning more about patients’ movements in space and time, we can better understand the impacts of both the environment and personal mobility on the disease. This research is studying patients with COPD by using GPS-enabled smartphones, combined with the data about their spatiotemporal movements and information about their actual usage of medication in near real-time. We measure environmental data in the city, including air pollution, humidity and temperature and how this may subsequently be associated with COPD symptoms. In addition to the existing air quality monitoring network, to improve the spatial scale of our analysis, we deployed a series of low-cost Internet of Things (IoT) air quality sensors as well. The study demonstrates how health devices, smartphones and IoT sensors are becoming a part of a new health data ecosystem and how their usage could provide information about high-risk health hotspots, which, in the longer term, could lead to improvement in the quality of life for patients with COPD.

Research Insights: What will People Pay for SMS Air Quality Alerts and Will They Avoid Air Pollution in Response?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rema Hanna ◽  
Bridget Hoffmann ◽  
Paulina Oliva ◽  
Jake Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
The Past ◽  
High Pollution

Male, younger, and higher-income respondents as well as those who perceived high pollution in recent days showed greater willingness to pay for SMS air quality alerts. Willingness to pay was uncorrelated with actual recent high pollution. Recipients of SMS alerts indicated having received air pollution information via SMS, along with reporting a high-pollution day in the past week and having stayed indoors on the most recent day they perceived pollution to be high. However, alert recipients were not more accurate in identifying which specific days had high pollution than other respondents. Households that received a free N95 mask were more likely to report utilizing a mask with a filter during the past two weeks but not more likely to report using a mask with a filter on the specific days with high particulate matter.

Environment Air Pollution Analysis of XiaoYang Barbecue Bar in Xi’an

2012 ◽  
Vol 599 ◽  
pp. 367-371
Author(s):  
Hua Guo ◽  
Chao Liu ◽  
Xi Ping Zhao ◽  
Yin Shan Wu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Daily Variation ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Variation Characteristics ◽  
The Common ◽  
Pm2.5 Concentration

The concentration of CO2 and PM2.5 were monitored at XiaoYang barbecue bar of Jianshe west road in Xi’an. Then we analyze the daily variation characteristics of CO2 and PM2.5 concentration between peak hours of dining and the common hours. Using GBT18883-2002 and the United States national air quality, Air quality at XiaoYang barbecue bar is evaluated by the data from the monitoring, which shows that the air quality of some barbecue bar in Xi’an is not in accord with the national standard. Air pollution is serious. so much more attention should be paid.

Quantifying the impact of traffic-related air pollution on the indoor air quality of a naturally ventilated building

2016 ◽  
Vol 89-90 ◽  
pp. 138-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheming Tong ◽  
Yujiao Chen ◽  
Ali Malkawi ◽  
Gary Adamkiewicz ◽  
John D. Spengler
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Impact on Air Quality of the COVID-19 Lockdown in the Urban Area of Palermo (Italy)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcello Vultaggio ◽  
Daniela Varrica ◽  
Maria Grazia Alaimo
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Infected People ◽  
National Crisis ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Pm 10 ◽  
The Impact

At the end of 2019, the first cases of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) were reported in Wuhan, China. Thereafter, the number of infected people increased rapidly, and the outbreak turned into a national crisis, with infected individuals all over the country. The COVID-19 global pandemic produced extreme changes in human behavior that affected air quality. Human mobility and production activities decreased significantly, and many regions recorded significant reductions in air pollution. The goal of our investigation was to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on the concentrations of the main air pollutants in the urban area of Palermo (Italy). In this study, the trends in the average concentrations of CO, NO2, O3, and PM10 in the air from 1 January 2020 to 31 July 2020 were compared with the corresponding average values detected at the same monitoring stations in Palermo during the previous five years (2015–2019). During the lockdown period (10 March–30 April), we observed a decrease in the concentrations of CO, NO2, and particulate matter (PM)10, calculated to be about 51%, 50%, and 45%, respectively. This confirms that air pollution in an urban area is predominantly linked to vehicular traffic.

scholarly journals Evaluation and Treatment Analysis of Air Quality Including Particulate Pollutants: A Case Study of Shandong Province, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9476
Author(s):  
Bowen Jiang ◽  
Yuangang Li ◽  
Weixin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Forecast Model ◽  
Maximum Error ◽  
Shandong Province ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Pm2.5 And Pm10

At present, China’s air pollution and its treatment effect are issues of general concern in the academic circles. Based on the analysis of the development stages of air pollution in China and the development history of China’s air quality standards, we selected 17 cities of Shandong Province, China as the research objects. By expanding China’s existing Air Quality Index System, the air quality of six major pollutants including PM2.5 and PM10 in 17 cities from February 2017 to January 2020 is comprehensively evaluated. Then, with a forecast model, the air quality of the above cities in the absence of air pollution control policies since June 2018 was simulated. The results of the error test show that the model has a maximum error of 4.67% when simulating monthly assessment scores, and the maximum mean error of the four months is 3.17%. Through the comparison between the simulation results and the real evaluation results of air quality, we found that since June 2018, the air pollution control policies of six cities have achieved more than 10% improvement, while the air quality of the other 11 cities declined. The different characteristics of pollutants and the implementation of governance policies are perhaps the main reasons for the above differences. Finally, policy recommendations for the future air pollution control in Shandong and China were provided.

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