On the reproduction of the Mediterranean keystone limpet Patella rustica: histological overview

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (8) ◽  
pp. 1651-1660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Prusina ◽  
Daria Ezgeta-Balić ◽  
Stijepo Ljubimir ◽  
Tatjana Dobroslavić ◽  
Branko Glamuzina
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Shell Length ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Gonad Development ◽  
Gonad Index ◽  
Keystone Species ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Sexually Mature ◽  
High Shore

The reproductive cycle of the high shore limpet Patella rustica is described based on histological analysis as the primary method of staging gonad development. Sex-ratios, shell length at sexual maturity, gonad developmental stages, mean gonad index and oocyte size were investigated. Males and females were found to differ in size distribution, with females becoming more prevalent from ~28 mm onwards. The estimated shell length at which 50% of males were sexually mature was 13.1 mm. Patella rustica has only one reproductive cycle per year with a spawning peak between November and December for both sexes, and gonad redevelopment from January. First data on the size–frequency analysis of oocytes for this species are also presented, concurring with the qualitative analysis of the gonad developmental stages. This study presents updated information on the reproductive cycle of this keystone species and provides the first account of the reproductive biology of P. rustica in the Adriatic Sea.

scholarly journals Reproductive cycle of the sea cucumber (Isostichopus fuscus) and its relationship with oceanographic variables at its northernmost distribution site

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (1-1) ◽  
pp. 180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail Pañola-Madrigal ◽  
Luis E. Calderon-Aguilera ◽  
Carlos A. Aguilar-Cruz ◽  
Héctor Reyes-Bonilla ◽  
María Dinorah Herrero-Pérezrul
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
San Luis ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Oceanographic Variables ◽  
Post Spawning ◽  
First Maturity ◽  
Size At First Maturity

The brown sea cucumber Isostichopus fuscus is highly prized and intensively fished, yet no studies of its reproductive cycle at its northernmost distribution site exist. To characterize its reproductive cycle, monthly surveys (Oct 2014-Dec 2016) that included gonad collection were conducted in 118 sites along the eastern coast of Baja California, including islands from Bahía San Luis Gonzaga (29o 49’ 14.18” N, 114 o 3’56.17” W) to the 28th parallel north. A total of 2 808 sea cucumber specimens were measured (mean length ± SD = 21.4 ± 6 cm) and weighed (375.6 ± 249 g). Seven hundred and seventeen organisms were dissected but only 553 gonads were suitable for processing through histological analysis to identify sex and developmental stage. Of these individuals, 224 were female, 162 were male, 157 were undifferentiated and 10 were hermaphrodites, resulting in a sex ratio that was significantly different from 1:1 (χ2 = 36.63, P = 0.03, df = 23). There was no statistical difference (p > 0.05) of either size or weight between males and females, but females were larger than males. The length-weight relationship observed was W = 0.18L2.4, r2 = 0.82, p <0.05 while the size-at-first-maturity was 16 cm. Five gonad stages were identified: 28% undifferentiated, 9% gametogenesis, 15% mature, 19% expulsion and 29% post-expulsion. The Oocyte Theoretical Diameter (OTD) was estimated by measuring the area of 10 291 oocytes, finding 2 307 individuals in oogenesis (mean ± SD of 65.3 ± 19.7 µm), 3 630 in maturity (66.0 ± 17.8 µm), 3 756 in spawning (73.8 ± 14.6 µm) and 868 in post-spawning (49.18 ± 20.7 µm). Modal progression analysis shows that oocytes increase 23% in size from oogenesis to maturity, and decrease 9%in size from maturity to spawning and, on average, oocytes are 72% smaller post-spawning that during spawning. Rev. Biol. Trop. 65(Suppl. 1): S180-S196. Epub 2017 November 01. 

The gametogenic cycle of Scrobicularia plana (Mollusca: Bivalvia) in Mweeloon Bay (Galway, west coast of Ireland)

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 1157-1162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Raleigh ◽  
Brendan F. Keegan
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Shell Length ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Gonad Development ◽  
Breeding Cycle ◽  
Gametogenic Cycle ◽  
Broad Agreement ◽  
Northern Latitudes ◽  
Scrobicularia Plana ◽  
Male Sex

The gametogenic cycle of Scrobicularia plana was studied in Mweeloon Bay (Galway, west coast of Ireland) over the periods of February to September 1996 and January to September 1997. Quantitative (reproductive indices and oocytes size) and qualitative (gonad developmental stages) analysis identified a broad annual breeding cycle, with one protracted spawning event occurring from May until September. Early gonad development had begun by January/February. Spawning animals were first recorded at the end of May and continued to mature throughout the summer. The decrease in temperature in September coincided with the end of the spawning season and gonad regression. Although the species is predominantly dioecious, one case of hermaphrodism was recorded. A female to male sex ratio of 1.1:1 was registered. Sexual maturity occurred at a shell length greater than 20 mm; the smallest individual undergoing sexual development had a shell length of 22.4 mm. The timing of the reproductive cycle in S. plana at Mweeloon Bay is in broad agreement with previous findings on the species carried out in northern latitudes.

scholarly journals Histological study of the developing gonads of endangered freshwater spiny eel, Mastacembelus armatus during the reproductive cycle

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR Ali ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
MRI Sarder ◽  
MFA Mollah
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Gonadal Development ◽  
Yolk Granule ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Reproductive Condition ◽  
Nutritive Values ◽  
Mastacembelus Armatus

The spiny eel, Mastacembelus armatus is one of the most common and economically important inland teleost species of Asia having high market and nutritive values. The demand for the fish is almost always exceeds its supply. Histological analysis of developmental stages of both oocytes and sperrnatocytes maturation were undertaken and dimensions of ovarian oocytes were observed to evaluate the annual reproductive condition of M. armatus during August 2012 to July 2013. Monthly sampling of adult individuals of M. armatus was done from haor region of Kishoreganj district, Bangladesh. Both the gonads were paired, elongated and of unequal in length. The colour of ovaries varied from reddish brown to light yellowish; whereas, testes varied from whitish to creamy or dull white. From the histological study, five stages of oocyte development (oogonia, chromatin nucleolar stage oocyte, perinucleolar stage oocytes, yolk vesicle oocyte, and yolk granule stage) were observed upon their changes in nucleus. Female M. armatus having immature stages of oocytes (early and late perinucleolar stage oocytes) were mostly available in the months of November and December. Yolk vesicle stage oocytes appeared during the months of January and February. Early yolk granule stage oocytes appeared during the months of March and April while late yolk granule stage oocytes were observed during the months of May and June. Oocytes and nuclei diameters were observed ranged from 12–1050 ?m and 10–212 ?m, respectively until ovulation. In male gonads, four stages of spermatogenesis (spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatids, and spermatozoa) were distinguished during the study period where spermatids were prominent in January to March and spermatozoa in April to July. From this study, the peak gonadal development of M. armatus is found in June and thus, it is clearly indicated that the fish breed during May to June.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 14(2): 261-269, December 2016

Reproduction of the turban shell Turbo torquatus Gmelin 1791 (Mollusca : Gastropoda), in New South Wales, Australia

2002 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Ward ◽  
A. R. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
New South ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Gonad Development ◽  
Gonadal Development ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
South Wales

The Sydney turban shell Turbo torquatus is the focus of a small-scale commercial fishery in New South Wales. Effective management requires knowledge of the reproductive biology, yet this is lacking for NSW waters. The reproductive cycle was investigated at three localities on the southern New South Wales coast. Samples of T. torquatus were collected monthly at Wollongong, Ulladulla and Eden from February 1996 until August or December 1997. The reproductive cycle was investigated by three methods: monthly determination of a gonadosomatic index, estimation of oocyte size-frequency distributions and classification of female gonads into developmental stages following histological sectioning. Males and females within a population underwent synchronous gonad development and spawning. Spawning events were often protracted over a period of several months with females in various stages of gonadal development. Two spawning events occurred each year, with a spawning event in autumn–winter and another in spring–summer. These events were asynchronous among the three localities, and partial spawning appeared to be a common occurrence. Owing to variation in the timing of spawning between populations separated by a distance as small as 15 km, seasonal closures to protect spawning stocks are unlikely to be effective.

scholarly journals REPRODUCTIVE ASPECTS OF THE TROPICAL ABALONE, HALIOTIS ASININA, FROM SOUTHERN LOMBOK WATERS, INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi E.D. Setyono
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Reproductive Strategy ◽  
Gonad Development ◽  
Gonad Index ◽  
Gonadal Development ◽  
Spawning Season ◽  
Oocyte Size ◽  
Size Frequency Distribution ◽  
Haliotis Asinina ◽  
Males And Females

The main objective of this study was to determine reproductive strategy including major spawning season of tropical abalone (Haliotis asinina) from southern Lombok waters, Indonesia. Gonad bulk index, maturity stages and oocyte size frequency distribution were applied to document gonadal development and major spawning season. The results of this study show that H. asinina in southern Lombok waters displayed year-round spawning with a high proportion occurring in August - November, when gonad index dropped to a lower level and high proportion of partly spawned and/or spent ovaries occurred in the population. Gonad development and spawning in males and females occurred synchronously. The correlation between gonadal development and environmental factors are described and discussed.

Population parameters of ringed seals (Phoca hispida Schreber, 1775) in the Svalbard area

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 1021-1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Lydersen ◽  
Ian Gjertz
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Ringed Seal ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Population Parameters ◽  
Phoca Hispida ◽  
Age Class ◽  
Ringed Seals ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sexually Mature

Samples were taken from 284 ringed seals (Phoca hispida) in the Svalbard area during April–July 1981 and March–April 1982. The age of 283 seals was determined by reading annuli in the cementum of the canine teeth. The mean age of the males was 11.3 years, and of the females, 14.9 years. Females were found to be significantly older than males. The mean length of sexually mature ringed seals was 128.9 cm for both sexes. The mean weight of adult males and females was 53.5 and 61.4 kg, respectively. Females were found to be significantly heavier than males. The sex ratio was 47.8% males and 52.2% females. Studies of microscopic sections of testis and epididymis from ringed seal males showed that 63, 75, and 80% of 5-, 6-, and 7-year-old animals, respectively, were sexually mature. The weights of testis and epididymis, diameters of tubuli, and the size of testis all showed a marked increase in the 5-year age-class. Macroscopic sections of ovaries from ringed seal females showed that 20, 60, and 80% of 3-, 4-, and 5-year-old animals, respectively, were sexually mature. The size of the ovaries showed a marked increase in the 5-year age-class. The ovulation rate of ringed seals from Svalbard was calculated to be 0.91.

scholarly journals Stigmatic surface in the Vochysiaceae: reproductive and taxonomic implications

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 780-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Carmo-Oliveira ◽  
Berta Lange de Morretes
Keyword(s):  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽  
Breeding Systems ◽  
Stigmatic Surface ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Fresh Material ◽  
The Family ◽  
Taxonomic Implications ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

The Vochysiaceae are Neotropical trees and shrubs, common in the savanna areas in Central Brazil (Cerrados). The family has been traditionally divided into two tribes: Erismeae, with three genera, and Vochysieae, with five genera. We investigated the stigmatic surface of six Vochysiaceae species, belonging to four genera of Vochysieae: Vochysia, Salvertia, Callisthene and Qualea. Flowers and buds at different developmental stages were collected. Morphological features were observed on fresh material and stigmatic receptivity was inferred based on esterasic activity. Pistils were fixed and embedded in paraplast and sectioned on a rotary microtome; the sections were stained before histological analysis. Stigmas of open flowers were also observed by scanning electron microscopy. Stigmas of all species were wet and showed esterasic activity at pre-anthesis and anthesis stages. Stigmatic surface was continuous with transmitting tissue of glandular nature. Vochysia and Salvertia stigmatic surfaces were formed by multicelular uniseriate hairs, and species of the remaining genera showed papillate surface. The exudate over mature stigmas in all species flowed without rupture of stigmatic surface and pollen tubes grew down between hairs or papillae. Differences on the stigmatic surface agreed with a phylogenetic reconstruction that separated two clades and indicated that Vochysieae is not monophyletic. Stigmatic features could not be associated with pollination and breeding systems.

Population ecology of the Intertidal Anemone Actinia tenebrosa II Geographical distribution, synonymy, reproductive cycle and fecundity

1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 273 ◽  
Author(s):  
JR Ottaway
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Population Ecology ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Gonad Development ◽  
Reproductive Mode ◽  
The Other

Synonymy and geographical distribution of A. tenebrosa are discussed. Reproductive cycle and fecundity were examined between 1972 and 1975 inclusive at Kaikoura, New Zealand. At any one time, up to 77% of the adult population developed gonads and 20-94% of adults were brooding young. The main periods of gonad development, November-April inclusive, coincided with the warmest annual sea temperatures. Over 99.4% of brooded embryos dissected from 1851 adults were tentaculate young; the rest were planulae. It is suggested that the normal reproductive mode of the observed population is cross-fertilizing labile gonochorism, in which adults change from one sex to the other within each breeding season. Brooding adults would therefore be the maternal parents of their brooded embryos, even though subsequently the brooders would appear to be asexual or could become functional males.

Morphological and molecular modifications induced by heat shock in Drosophila melanogaster embryos

Development ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-182
Author(s):  
Giorgio Graziosi ◽  
Franco de Cristini ◽  
Angelo di Marcotullio ◽  
Roberto Marzari ◽  
Fulvio Micali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Direct Relation ◽  
Hsp 70 ◽  
Survival Pattern ◽  
Shock Proteins

The early embryo of Drosophila melanogaster did not survive treatment at 37 °C (heat shock) for 25 min. The histological analysis of eggs treated in this way showed that the heat shock caused disintegration of nuclei and of cytoplasmic islands, displacement and swelling of nuclei and blocked mitoses. These effects were not observed in embryos treatedafter blastoderm formation. After this stage, we noticed that development was slowed down. The heat shock proteins (hsp 83,70 and 68) were, under shock, synthesized at all developmental stages. There was little or no synthesis of hsp 70 and 68 in unfertilized eggs, but synthesis increased in proportion to the number of nuclei present. Most probably, hsp 70 synthesis was directed by zygotic mRNA. DNA synthesis was not blocked by the heat shock though the overall incorporation of [3H]thymidine was substantially reduced, presumably because of the block of mitoses. We did not find a direct relation between survival pattern and hsp synthesis. We concluded that some, at least, of the heat shock genes can be activated at all developmental stages and that heat shock could be used for synchronizing mitoses.

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