scholarly journals The impact of the Endangered Mauritian flying fox Pteropus niger on commercial fruit farms and the efficacy of mitigation

Oryx ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryszard Z. Oleksy ◽  
Charles L. Ayady ◽  
Vikash Tatayah ◽  
Carl Jones ◽  
Jérémy S.P. Froidevaux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Height ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Litchi Chinensis ◽  
Fold Reduction ◽  
Fungal Damage ◽  
Introduced Birds ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Flying Fox

Abstract The endemic Mauritian flying fox Pteropus niger is perceived to be a major fruit pest. Lobbying of the Government of Mauritius by fruit growers to control the flying fox population resulted in national culls in 2015 and 2016, with a further cull scheduled for 2018. A loss of c. 38,318 individuals has been reported and the species is now categorized as Endangered on the IUCN Red List. However, until now there were no robust data available on damage to orchards caused by bats. During October 2015–February 2016 we monitored four major lychee Litchi chinensis and one mango (Mangifera spp.) orchard, and also assessed 10 individual longan Dimocarpus longan trees. Bats and introduced birds caused major damage to fruit, with 7–76% fruit loss (including natural fall and losses from fungal damage) per tree. Bats caused more damage to taller lychee trees (> 6 m high) than to smaller ones, whereas bird damage was independent of tree height. Bats damaged more fruit than birds in tall lychee trees, although this trend was reversed in small trees. Use of nets on fruiting trees can result in as much as a 23-fold reduction in the damage caused by bats if nets are applied correctly. There is still a need to monitor orchards over several seasons and to test non-lethal bat deterrence methods more widely.

Accounting for conservation: Using the IUCN Red List Index to evaluate the impact of a conservation organization

2014 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. 84-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.P. Young ◽  
M.A. Hudson ◽  
A.M.R. Terry ◽  
C.G. Jones ◽  
R.E. Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
The Impact

Forest Management, Farmers' Practices and Biodiversity Conservation in the Monogaga Protected Coastal Forest in Southwest Côte D'ivoire

Africa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Y. Adou Yao ◽  
Barnard Roussel
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Coastal Forest ◽  
Species List ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe emergence of biodiversity standards in the nature conservation literature requires that we consider the interactions between conservation and local practices from a new angle. The coastal forest of Monogaga, a protected area inhabited by a local population, is an ideal terrain for comparing the impact of local agricultural practices and the activities of Sodefor, the government agency charged with the management of this conservation area. The discourses and uses of forest resources of these two actors allow us to compare the biodiversity of forest cover categories recognized by peasant farmers and Sodefor, using the standard statistical methods for measuring biodiversity (the Shannon and Weaver index, species richness, number of special status species).For Sodefor, it is the most dense forest ecosystems (the ‘black forests’ ) and the lands that they occupy that constitute the area's natural heritage. The agency believes that these forests must be protected from all human uses, especially farming, if the forest is to be transmitted to future generations. In contrast, Wanne farmers view the old forests (kporo) as long-term fallows (teteklwoa) or reserves of fertile land that will be cleared when there is a need for more farmland in the future. For them, patrimony is constituted by the intergenerational transmission of a bundle of resource access and farming rights within lineages.With regard to biodiversity, a comparison of the two types of resource management practices (Sodefor and farmer) gives nuanced results. The farmers' areas are more diverse than those of Sodefor when considering the Aké Assi threatened species list. For the Sassandrian species list, both management types maintained the same quantity of species. For endemics and the IUCN red list species, the spatial units controlled by Sodefor show more diversity.

scholarly journals PENGELOLAAN SUMBER DAYA IKAN BANGGAI CARDINAL (Pterapogon kauderni) DI PERAIRAN KEPULAUAN BANGGAI

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sri Turni Hartati ◽  
Wudianto Wudianto ◽  
Lilis Sadiyah
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Minimum Size ◽  
Fish Stock ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Impact

<p>Ikan banggai cardinal atau disingkat BCF adalah jenis ikan hias tropis endemik yang hanya hidup secara alami di perairan sekitar Kepulauan Banggai. Dampak tekanan penangkapan terhadap populasi BCF dewasa ini cukup signifikan, yaitu terjadinya gejala overfishing telah nampak pada hampir semua lokasi penangkapan. Status BCF pada saat ini dalam Red List IUCN tergolong Threatened Species. Tulisan ini menyajikan pengelolaan sumber daya BCF dengan mengkaji status pemanfaatan, dinamika populasi, biologi dan habitatnya. Data yang digunakan adalah hasil penelitian pada tahun 2011, melalui validasi data di lapangan dan telaah dari hasil-hasil penelitian sebelumnya. Hasil tangkapan BCF relatif tinggi pada kisaran tahun 1999 – 2007, mencapai 1,4 juta ekor pada tahun 2000, kemudian menurun drastis pada tahun 2008 – 2010, hanya berkisar 250.000 – 350.000 ekor/tahun. Upaya pengelolaan BCF telah dilakukan sejak tahun 2005, baik oleh pemerintah pusat, pemerintah daerah, maupun melalui kearifan lokal yang ada. Implementasi kebijakan pengelolaan BCF di perairan Kepulauan Banggai berdasarkan kajian hasil penelitian adalah jumlah kuota BCF yang boleh ditangkap sebanyak 220.615 ekor/tahun dengan ukuran minimal 4,8 cm (FL) dan tidak dalam kondisi mengerami telurnya. Mengingat umur dari BCF berkisar antara 2-4 tahun, maka kuota dapat diberlakukan selama jangka waktu 3 tahun. Monitoring data hasil tangkapan BCF melalui kegiatan enumerasi harus tetap dilanjutkan sebagai bahan evalusi status stok sumberdaya tersebut.</p><p>Banggai cardinal fish (BCF) is an endemic tropical ornamental fish that only inhabits naturally in the Banggai Islands. The impact of fishing pressure on the BCF population is quite significant, i.e. overfishing is occurring in almost all fishing areas. BCF is listed in the IUCN Red List as Threatened Species group. This paper presents the fisheries management for BCF by assessing the status of its utilization, population dynamic, biology and habitat. The data analyzed in this paper were conducted in 2011, through data validation in the field and review on some previous studies. The catch production of BCF was relatively high between 1999 and 2007, reached 1.4 million fish in 2000, followed by a significant decrease from 250.000 in 2008 to 350.000 in 2010. Fisheries management measures for BCF have been initiated since 2005, either by central or local governments, or the available local wisdom. The results of study recommend catch quota for BCF, that maintain the sustainability of the fish stock, is 220.615 fish/year, with the minimum size is 4.8 cm FL and not in the condition of incubating eggs. Since the age of BCF is between 2-4 years old, the recommendation could be implemented for 3 years, and data monitoring through enumeration could be continued for evaluation of its stock status.</p>

scholarly journals The Current Status of the World’s Primates: Mapping Threats to Understand Priorities for Primate Conservation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Fernández ◽  
Daphne Kerhoas ◽  
Andrea Dempsey ◽  
Josephine Billany ◽  
Gráinne McCabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Impact

AbstractOver the past decades, primate populations have been declining. Four years ago, >60% of species were listed as threatened. As the rate of loss accelerates and new IUCN assessments are being published, we used IUCN Red List assessments and peer-reviewed literature published within the last 5 yr to evaluate the status of primates globally, by region and by taxonomic group. We also examined the main factors affecting a species’ conservation status to determine if we could predict the status of understudied species. We found that 65% of species are in the top three IUCN Red List categories (Vulnerable, Endangered, Critically Endangered). Globally, the main threats to primates are Biological Resource Use, including Hunting & Logging, and Agriculture. The impact of these threats varied by region and taxon. Our model showed that Malagasy and Asian primates, and those affected by Agriculture, Human Disturbance, and Climate Change were more likely to be considered at risk of extinction. The model’s predictive probability, however, was low. Our literature analysis showed that some threats, especially climate change and disease, affected more species than indicated by the IUCN Red List. As we move into the next decade, we must continue tackling hunting and agricultural expansion but also be vigilant about emerging threats. We must also aim to regularly test the effectiveness of mitigation strategies, evaluating their long-term adoption and their impact on primates; as well as to increase communication between researchers and applied conservationists to ensure IUCN assessments include current and emerging threats.

scholarly journals Comparing the IUCN’s EICAT and Red List to improve assessments of the impact of biological invasions

NeoBiota ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 509-523
Author(s):  
Dewidine Van der Colff ◽  
Sabrina Kumschick ◽  
Wendy Foden ◽  
John R. U. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Biological Invasions ◽  
Alien Species ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The IUCN recommends the use of two distinct schemes to assess the impacts of biological invasions on biodiversity at the species level. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (Red List) categorises native species based on their risk of extinction. Such assessments evaluate the extent to which different pressures, including alien species, threaten native species. The much newer IUCN Environmental Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (EICAT) categorises alien species on the degree to which they have impacted native species. Conceptually, the schemes are related. One would expect that: 1) if a native species is assessed as threatened under the Red List due to the impacts of alien species, then at least one alien species involved should be classified as harmful under EICAT; and 2) if an alien species is assessed as harmful under EICAT, then at least one native species impacted should be assessed as threatened by alien species under the Red List. Here we test this by comparing the impacts of alien gastropods, assessed using EICAT, to the impact on native species as assessed based on the Red List. We found a weak positive correlation, but it is clear there is not a simple one-to-one relationship. We hypothesise that the relationship between EICAT and the Red List statuses will follow one of three forms: i) the EICAT status of an alien species is closely correlated to the Red List status of the impacted native species; ii) the alien species is classed as ‘harmful’ under EICAT, but it does not threaten the native species with extinction as per the Red List (for example, the impacted native species is still widespread or abundant despite significant negative impacts from the alien species); or iii) the native species is classified as threatened under the Red List regardless of the impacts of the alien species (threatened species are impacted by other pressures with alien species potentially a passenger and not a driver of change). We conclude that the two schemes are complementary rather than equivalent, and provide some recommendations for how categorisations and data can be used in concert.

scholarly journals Fragmented evidence for the contribution of ex situ management to species conservation indicates the need for better reporting

Oryx ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jennifer R. Gant ◽  
Louise Mair ◽  
Philip J. K. McGowan
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Vertebrate Species ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ex Situ Management

Abstract Conserving species and achieving the Convention on Biological Diversity's international conservation targets necessitates stopping extinctions, recovering depleted populations and maintaining viable populations. The contribution of ex situ management to species conservation has long been debated, and there is limited information on ex situ management activities available in a format that allows success to be assessed. We therefore gathered information from three sources to explore cases in which ex situ management was considered to have had a positive conservation impact for terrestrial vertebrate species. We (1) reviewed the published literature, (2) examined for which taxa ex situ management had contributed to the downlisting of species on the IUCN Red List and (3) surveyed a global network of ex situ management practitioners. We found that ex situ management has contributed to improvements in conservation status for a range of vertebrate species. Ex situ management was reported as contributing to the downlisting of 18 species on the IUCN Red List over a 10-year period. Across sources, the most common role of ex situ management was the provision of individuals to increase population numbers in situ. The strength of evidence for the impact of ex situ management varied within and among sources. Therefore, for the role of ex situ activities in conservation to be understood fully, and for such interventions to reach their potential, documentation of intended and actual benefits needs to be improved. Better reporting of ex situ activities would enable improved learning, facilitating better targeting of ex situ activities to global species conservation goals.

scholarly journals Mammals on the Sangihe and Talaud Islands, Indonesia, and the impact of hunting and habitat loss

Oryx ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Riley
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Community Based Conservation ◽  
Wildlife Reserve ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
Flying Fox

Surveys between 1995 and 1999 brought the number of mammal species known to occur on the remote Sangihe and Talaud islands, Indonesia, from 34 to 37, of which 30 are indigenous and 22 are bats. Populations of bear cuscus Ailurops ursinus and Sulawesi small cuscus Strigocuscus celebensis are represented by endemic subspecies, whilst five little-studied species (Talaud Islands flying fox Acerodon humilis, Sangihe tarsier Tarsius sangirensis, Sangihe squirrel Prosciurillus rosenbergi, short-tailed Talaud melomys Melomys caurinus and long-tailed Talaud melomys M. talaudium) are endemic to the archipelago. Two squirrel species were recorded on Sangihe for the first time: Sulawesi dwarf squirrel P. murinus and Sulawesi giant squirrel Rubrisciurus rubriventer. In total, eight species occurring on the islands are categorized as globally threatened on the 2000 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Habitat loss and hunting are the main threats on the Sangihe islands, where only 800 ha of primary forest remain. Large areas of Karakelang, in the Talaud Islands, are still forested, and a 24,669 ha wildlife reserve has been recently established. The main pressure facing mammal species on the Talaud Islands is hunting, particularly mist-netting of fruit bats for local consumption and trade. In order to control hunting and prevent further forest loss and degradation, future conservation efforts should focus on community-based conservation, in particular raising community awareness and increasing law enforcement. Two concurrent projects are now tackling some of these issues.

Disentangling the impact of global change on freshwater biodiversity decline

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Kiesel ◽  
Tinh Vu ◽  
Karan Kakouei ◽  
Domisch Sami ◽  
Fengzhi He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Threatened Species ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Red List ◽  
Freshwater Biodiversity ◽  
Hydrological Change ◽  
Biodiversity Crisis ◽  
The Impact

&lt;p&gt;Freshwater ecosystems have higher proportions of extinct and threatened species than terrestrial and marine ecosystems, with populations of vertebrates declined by 83% between 1970 and 2018. The pressing question is: what are the main drivers for this decline? Here we investigate the reasons for the loss of freshwater biodiversity using globally available gridded datasets at 0.5&amp;#176; spatial resolution on precipitation and temperature, land cover and land use, water use and dams as well as daily hydrological streamflow simulations from the ISIMIP initiative.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Across the past 50 years, we constructed annual change maps of the environmental variables along the global river networks and calculated time-variant indicators of hydrologic alteration (IHA) to depict hydrological change. We then calculated normalized indicators (e.g. proportion of threatened species) describing the current freshwater biodiversity status through species data aggregation of the International Union for Conservation of Nature's Red List of Threatened Species (IUCN Red List) categories.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;By applying classification and regression trees (CART), we highlight the importance of environmental- and hydrological change on the freshwater biodiversity status based on IUCN Red List assessments on each grid cell globally. Our results reveal a large-scale spatial classification of the environmental variables and their potential impact on the ongoing freshwater biodiversity crisis.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals A framework for evaluating the impact of the IUCN Red List of threatened species

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 632-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Betts ◽  
Richard P. Young ◽  
Craig Hilton‐Taylor ◽  
Michael Hoffmann ◽  
Jon Paul Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Threatened Species ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
The Impact

Prinsip Kearifan Lokal dalam Pengembangan Strategi Kehumasan pada Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Bandung

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-248
Author(s):  
Betty Tresnawaty
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
West Java ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Positive Image ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Public Relations Strategy

Public Relations of the Bandung Regency Government realizes that its area has a lot of potential for various local wisdom and has a heterogeneous society. This study aims to explore and analyze the values of local knowledge in developing public relations strategies in the government of Bandung Regency, West Java province. This study uses a constructivist interpretive (subjective) paradigm through a case study approach. The results showed that the Bandung Regency Government runs its government based on local wisdom. Bandung Regency Public Relations utilizes local insight and the region's potential to develop a public relations strategy to build and maintain a positive image of Bandung Regency. The impact of this research is expected to become a source of new scientific references in the development of public relations strategies in every region of Indonesia, which is very rich with various philosophies.Humas Pemerintah Kabupaten Bandung menyadari wilayahnya memiliki banyak potensi kearifan lokal yang beragam, serta memiliki masyarakatnya yang heterogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan menggali dan menganalisis nilai-nilai kearifan lokal dalam pengembangan strategi kehumasan di pemerintahan Kabupaten Bandung provinsi Jawa Barat.  Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma interpretif (subjektif) konstruktivis melalui pendekatan studi kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pemerintah Kabupaten (Pemkab) Bandung menjalankan pemerintahannya berlandaskan pada kearifal lokal. Humas Pemkab Bandung memanfaatkan kearifan lokal dan potensi wilayahnya untuk mengembangkan strategi humas dalam membangun dan mempertahankan citra positif Kabupaten Bandung.Dampak penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi sumber rujukan ilmiah baru dalam pengembangan strategi kehumasan di setiap daerah Indonesia yang sangat kaya dengan beragam filosofi. 

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