Morphological characteristics of Echinococcus granulosus derived from buffalo in Iran

Parasitology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
SEYED HOSSEIN HOSSEINI ◽  
ARASH AMIN POUR ◽  
PARVIZ SHAYAN
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Water Buffalo ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Parasitic Disease ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
The Common ◽  
Rough Outline ◽  
Sheep Strain

SUMMARYCystic echinococcosis is a significant parasitic disease in Iran, where a variety of animals act as intermediate hosts. In this study, 25 isolates of Echinococcus granulosus obtained from water buffalo from various parts of Iran were characterized on the basis of the morphology of the metacestode and the adult worm. The characteristics of protoscoleces from the different studied areas were nearly similar. They showed 2 rows of alternating large and small hooks and their shapes were smooth in outline. In contrast to the protoscoleces, the adult rostellar hooks showed a rough outline. The results showed that the total length, the blade lengths of the large and small hooks and the number of hooks are almost similar to those isolated from sheep but significantly different from those isolated from camels. The growth rates of adult E. granulosus (total worm length, segmentation and maturation) of buffalo origin, at 35 and 41 days post-infection of dogs, were nearly comparable to the common sheep strain. The form of the strobila and the morphology of the reproductive system were also similar to those of sheep origin. This suggests that the common sheep strain (G1) of E. granulosus may also use buffaloes as its intermediate host.

scholarly journals Employing NADH Dehydrogenase Subunit 1 in the Determination of Echinococcus granulosus Strain in Sheep, Cattle and Human in Thi-Qar Province, Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 0238
Author(s):  
Sarmad Awad Mozan AL-Asadi ◽  
Wesam Jasim Hansh ◽  
Abdul-Hussien Habash Awad
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Hydatid Cysts ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Nad1 Gene ◽  
The Common ◽  
Sheep Strain

Echinococcosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the larval stage of the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. This disease is an important public health and a significant economic issue in Iraq, where the lungs and livers are the popular places of infection. The aim of the current study focused on using the molecular techniques in the detection of an E. granulosus strain that causes cystic echinococcosis to human, sheep and cattle in Thi-Qar province, Iraq. In the current study, thirty isolates of E. granulosus were collected from 10 human hydatid cysts through surgery done at Al-Hussein Imam Teaching Hospital in Thi-Qar province and 10 sheep with 10 cattle hydatid cysts were obtained from the slaughterhouse in Thi-Qar province, Southern of Iraq to identify strains of E. granulosus which infect human and other intermediate hosts  (sheep and cattle). The molecular study was carried out on the isolates and a specific primer set for the mitochondrial dehydrogenase NADH subunit 1 (NAD1) gene was used. This primer set was amplified 400 bp of the NAD1 gene in all selected isolates. The PCR products for the twelve selected isolates of E. granulosus (4 isolates per intermediate host) were sequenced and the results for these twelve isolates showed that all sequenced isolates, except one isolate Eg_5, belonged to the sheep strain G1 and a slight genetic diversity was observed with the reference sequences of the strain G1. The exception was in the isolate Eg_5 isolated from a cattle liver, which was similar to the buffalo strain G3. This study concludes that the common E. granulosus strain in Thi-Qar province is G1.  

Molecular classification of Echinococcus granulosus strains from livestock animals in Libya

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 462-470
Author(s):  
MF Wajdii ◽  
M. F. Wajdii ◽  
W Rahman ◽  
W. Rahman ◽  
O Elmajdoub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Molecular Classification ◽  
Final Host ◽  
Molecular Tools ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
The Common ◽  
Sheep Strain

This study demonstrates the distribution of various E. granulosus strains in sheep, cattle and camel. The common sheep strain G1 is mainly found in sheep and cattle, but also parasitized camels. In contrast, the camel strain G6 is found mainly in camels and rarely in sheep and cattle. However, the study also revealed the possible presence of cryptic species that are closely related to both genotypes in livestock of Libya as evident by high mutations in several specimens. Based on the occurrence of overlapping hosts of E. granulosus in Libya, more research on the transmission cycles and genotypes of E. granulosus in Libya is required. In addition, it is suggested that surveys on potential intermediate hosts, including in humans with dogs as the major final host in Libya using higher resolution molecular tools such as microsatellite markers is recommended.

Genetic variation and epidemiology of Echinococcus granulosus in Argentina

Parasitology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 118 (5) ◽  
pp. 523-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. ROSENZVIT ◽  
L.-H. ZHANG ◽  
L. KAMENETZKY ◽  
S. G. CANOVA ◽  
E. A. GUARNERA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Santa Fe ◽  
Cystic Hydatid Disease ◽  
Rio Negro ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
The Common ◽  
Cystic Hydatid ◽  
Sheep Strain

Polymerase chain reaction–ribosomal ITS-1 DNA (rDNA) restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) analysis and sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) and NADH dehydrogenase 1 (ND1) genes were used to characterize 33 Echinococcus granulosus isolates collected from different regions and hosts in Argentina, and to determine which genotypes occurred in humans with cystic hydatid disease. The results of the study demonstrated the presence of at least 4 distinct genotypes; the common sheep strain (G1) in sheep from Chubut Province and in humans from Río Negro Province, the Tasmanian sheep strain (G2) in sheep and 1 human from Tucumán Province, the pig strain (G7) in pigs from Santa Fe Province and the camel strain (G6) in humans from Río Negro and Buenos Aires Provinces. The finding that pigs harboured the pig strain and the occurrence of the Tasmanian sheep strain has considerable implications for the implementation of hydatid control programmes due to the shorter maturation time of both strains in dogs compared with the common sheep strain. Furthermore, this is the first report of the presence of the G2 and G6 genotypes in humans which may also have important consequences for human health.

Relative expression of the 14-3-3 gene in different morphotypes of cysts of Echinococcus granulosus isolated from the Indian buffalo

2010 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Pan ◽  
A.K. Bera ◽  
S. De ◽  
S. Bandyopadhyay ◽  
S.K. Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Predicted Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Germinal Layer ◽  
Relative Expression ◽  
The Common ◽  
Sheep Strain

AbstractThe metacestode stage of Echinococcus granulosus is of zoonotic importance. In general, the 14-3-3 protein is involved in multiplication and survival of eukaryotes. Therefore, this communication presents succinct information on relative expression of the 14-3-3 protein in six different morphotypes of cysts of E. granulosus. All isolated E. granulosus belonged to the common sheep strain (G1). Relative expression of the 14-3-3 protein was higher in fertile cysts when compared to sterile cysts. The predicted amino acid sequence of the 14-3-3 protein was closely clustered with zeta-type isoforms 1 and 2 of the 14-3-3 protein. In addition, the present study demonstrates the presence of the 14-3-3 protein which until now had not been detected in the germinal layer. Our findings indicate that the expression of this biomolecule in the germinal layer of sterile organisms may contribute to the development and survival of the parasite in the host. The uniform expression of actin II conclusively proves the survivability of the harvested organisms.

scholarly journals Identification of Echinococcus granulosus strains using polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism amongst livestock in Moroto district, Uganda

2016 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Chamai ◽  
Leonard Omadang ◽  
Joseph Erume ◽  
Michael Ocaido ◽  
Peter Oba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
The Common ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Sheep Strain ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

A descriptive study was conducted to identify the different strains of Echinococcus granulosus occurring in livestock in Moroto district, Uganda. Echinococcus cysts from 104 domestic animals, including cattle, sheep, goats and camels, were taken and examined by microscopy, polymerase chain reaction with restriction fragment length polymorphism and Sanger DNA sequencing. Echinococcus granulosus genotypes or strains were identified through use of Bioinformatics tools: BioEdit, BLAST and MEGA6. The major finding of this study was the existence of a limited number of E. granulosus genotypes from cattle, goats, sheep and camels. The most predominant genotype was G1 (96.05%), corresponding to the common sheep strain. To a limited extent (3.95%), the study revealed the existence of Echinococcus canadensis G6/7 in three (n = 3) of the E. granulosus–positive samples. No other strains of E. granulosus were identified. It was concluded that the common sheep strain of Echinococcus sensu stricto and G6/7 of E. canadensis were responsible for echinococcal disease in Moroto district, Uganda.

Morphological and developmental characteristics of Echinococcus granulosus derived from sheep, cattle and camels in Iran

1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.H. Hosseini ◽  
A. Eslami
Keyword(s):  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Rate Of Development ◽  
Developmental Characteristics ◽  
Epidemiological Significance ◽  
Cattle Strain

AbstractEchinococcus granulosus is widely distributed throughout Iran, where a variety of animals act as intermediate hosts. In this study, the development and morphological characteristics of E. granulosus of sheep, cattle and camel origin were compared and, overall, the characteristics of larval and adult isolates from sheep and cattle, although similar, showed significant differences from those of the camel isolates, especially with respect to the size of rostellar hooks. Differences in the fertility rates of hydatid cyst in sheep, cattle and camel were recorded as 88%, 19% and 70% respectively.In dogs experimentally infected with the three ‘strains’ of E. granulosus, the rate of development was more rapid in the camel than in the sheep and cattle ‘strain’. In addition, adult E. granulosus derived from the camel demonstrate differences in worm length, segmentation and size, shape, number and arrangement of the genitalia when compared with worms derived from sheep and cattle. The epidemiological significance of these findings is discussed in relation to human hydatid infections in Iran.

Molecular genetic analysis of human cystic hydatid cases from Poland: identification of a new genotypic group (G9) of Echinococcus granulosus

Parasitology ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. SCOTT ◽  
J. STEFANIAK ◽  
Z. S. PAWLOWSKI ◽  
D. P. McMANUS
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Genotypic Group ◽  
The Common ◽  
Mitochondrial Nd1 ◽  
Cystic Hydatid ◽  
Sheep Strain

We have used nuclear (ribosomal ITS1) and mitochondrial (ND1) sequences to characterize human and pig isolates of Echinococcus granulosus collected by fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) in Poland. The data indicate clearly that the Polish patients were not infected with the common sheep strain (G1 genotype) of E. granulosus, normally associated with human cystic hydatid infection. Instead, the hydatid parasite infecting the Polish patients shares very similar ND1 sequence with the previously characterized pig (G7) genotype but it also exhibits some clear differences. In particular, E. granulosus DNA from the Polish patients amplified a single ITS1 fragment in PCR and distinct ITS1–RFLP patterns were obtained after restriction digestion. The form of hydatid isolated from the Polish patients appears, therefore, to represent a distinct, previously undescribed genotype (designated G9) of E. granulosus.

EVALUATION OF THE COMMON HOP VARIETY SAMPLES ACCORDING TO THE PHENOLOGICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES

2018 ◽  
pp. 40-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
А. А. Fadeev ◽  
Z. А. Nikonova
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Humulus Lupulus L ◽  
The Common ◽  
Regions Of Russia ◽  
Vegetative Season

The results of study of the 12 year cycle of studies on the only in Russia collection of hops ordinary (Humulus lupulus L.), which contains 250 samples from different regions of Russia and 17 foreign countries. The number of process varieties, composition and origin, it is unique and corresponds to world level. A collection of accessions of hops is a population of female plants with a set of phenological, morphological and economic importance of signs. In the article, the estimation of the collectible varieties of hops at different ripeness groups according to phenological and morphological characteristics according to the method of test for distinctness, uniformity and stability. As the result of the research the Common Hop (Humuluslupulus) sorts were classified in accordance with their maturity time as early maturity (less than 100 days) – 10%, middle-early (101…110 days) – 14, middle duration (111…120 days) – 40, middle-late (121…130 days) – 10% and slow-maturing (more than 130 days) – 26%. Each group has a phenotypic and morphologies features. The early maturity, middle-early and middle duration varieties with vegetative season approximately 120 days are more adaptive to the conditions of the Chuvashia and central part of the Russia and provide obtaining high yield of the hop cones.

scholarly journals Erythraeid larvae parasitizing dragonflies in Zambia—description of Leptus (Leptus) chingombensis sp. nov. with data on biology and ecology of host-parasite interactions

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 790
Author(s):  
Rafał Bernard ◽  
Magdalena Felska ◽  
Joanna Mąkol
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Parasite Load ◽  
Ventral Side ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Local Character ◽  
Host Parasite Interactions ◽  
Group Variation ◽  
The Common ◽  
Host Parasite

A survey of odonate fauna in Zambia (Central Province, Luano District) resulted in discovery of ectoparasitic larvae of Leptus (L.) chingombensis sp. nov. (Trombidiformes: Parasitengona, Erythraeidae) on four species of dragonflies (Odonata) representing four different families assigned to Zygoptera and Anisoptera. The morphological characteristics of the new species is supported with DNA barcode sequence. Despite some intra-group variation related to relatively large sample, the morphological and genetic consistence confirm the common specific identity of the material. A brief comparison of Leptus spp. hitherto known from the Afrotropic as larvae is given. Supplementary data to the descriptions of Leptus (L.) bicristatus Fain et Elsen, 1987, Leptus (L.) aldonae Haitlinger, 1987 and Leptus (L.) soddagus Haitlinger, 1990, based on examination of type material, are provided. In the case of L. (L.) chingombensis sp. nov., the parasite load reached high, previously not recorded for Odonata–terrestrial Parasitengona association values, attaining at 44 and 49 larvae. Clear topic preferences towards the ventral side of the host’s body were recorded, with an additional tendency to distal parts of synthorax and the ventral depression of the abdomen. We hypothesize that the infestation did not take place synchronously at dragonflies emergence, but consisted in repeated infestation events during the recurrent appearance of dragonflies in the contact microhabitat occupied by Leptus. The very local character of the finding along with the regular appearance of larvae parasitizing dragonflies, obviously favoured by specific habitat conditions, no doubts confirms the non-accidental nature of the phenomenon.

scholarly journals The deposition characteristics of Schistosoma japonicum eggs and its application in hatching method

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
yang man ◽  
Rongyi Ji ◽  
Yuanxi Shen ◽  
Chuangang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Schistosoma Japonicum ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Parasitic Disease ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Improved Methods ◽  
Direct Immersion ◽  
New Zealand Rabbits

Abstract Background Schistosomiasis is an important zoonotic parasitic disease, which remains a major public concern in china. However, the detection of schistosomiasis in the field is still based on the traditional faecal hatching method, which is tedious and time-consuming. Therefore, method for detecting schistosomiasis in the field needs to be improved. Methods New Zealand rabbits artificially infected with S. japonicum cercariae were used as animal models to study the deposition characteristics of Schistosoma japonicum eggs. The distributions of eggs in the intestinal wall at 42 d and 60 d post-infection were compared. The distributions of eggs in rabbit faecal samples were also observed. Goat faeces were used to compare the conventional faecal hatching method and the simplified direct immersion faecal hatching method. Results The distribution of eggs in the intestinal wall in the animal model at 42 d post-infection was as follows: the number of eggs per gram (EPG) was the highest (42780.13 ± 4789.81 eggs/g) in the rectum. The caecum had the largest proportion (42.97%) of eggs deposited. At 60 d post-infection, the rectum still had the highest EPG (117868.20 ± 67232.80 eggs/g). However, instead of the caecum, the lower colon had the largest proportion (64.90%). Moreover, 42.20% of eggs occupied the periphery of rabbit faeces. In the comparison between the conventional faecal hatching method and the simplified direct immersion faecal hatching method, the direct faecal hatching method was simpler, and the results were similar to those of the conventional faecal hatching method. Conclusion The deposition characteristics of eggs and their distributions in faecal samples suggest that the direct faecal hatching method can be used to simplify routine faecal hatching detection.

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