The management of sledge dogs in the Antarctic

Polar Record ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 18 (112) ◽  
pp. 25-35
Author(s):  
R. W. Bostelmann
Keyword(s):  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Falkland Islands ◽  
Main Form ◽  
Areas Of Interest ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Adelaide Island ◽  
Permanent Presence

The British Antarctic Survey (BAS) has relied on sledge dogs as the main form of transport for field parties since its predecessor, the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS), imported them in 1945, when it created a permanent presence on the continent. Over the years dogs have been used for extensive work over a very wide area. In 1975 BAS changed its policy with respect to work in the southern Antarctic Peninsula. In future seasons scientists will not winter in this area but will be flown to Adelaide Island and then into the field. They will carry out more detailed scientific work in particular areas of interest. This means that it is no longer practical to maintain huskies on base as they could not be kept fit and well disciplined during the winter for a short summer season. The scientists, similarly, could not be expected to learn to work the dogs efficiently in the time available, and the change in the nature of their work means that they will not move camp so frequently. The dogs, since they must be fed even if they are resting, would be uneconomic in such a situation. Finally, most of the work will be in areas that are thought to be safe so the dogs will not be needed to probe for crevasses. In future seasons BAS will rely on skidoos for field work (Figs 1 and 2).

Una Peaks: a long overdue Antarctic geographical naming

Polar Record ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-179
Author(s):  
John Splettstoesser
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Falkland Islands ◽  
Place Names ◽  
New Name ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Geographical Feature

ABSTRACTA new name for a geographical feature in the Antarctic Peninsula known for many years by its colloquial name of Una's Tits, was formally approved by the Antarctic place names committee of the United Kingdom. It is now known as Una Peaks, named for a former secretary in the governor's office, Stanley, Falkland Islands.

A new estimate of the adopted gravity value at Rothera Station, Antarctic Peninsula

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip C. Jones ◽  
Julie K. Ferris
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Falkland Islands ◽  
Gravity Station ◽  
Gravity Network ◽  
Scientific Station ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Gravity System

Because of the lack of a definitive air link to an international gravity base station, the Antarctic Peninsula gravity network was originally, and still is, tied to the Potsdam gravity system via long ship links to South America (Renner 1981, Kennett 1965). An indirect link from the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) scientific station at Rothera to an International Gravity Standardisation Net 1971 (IGSN 71) base station in the UK had previously been made via a link to the BAS gravity station on the Falkland Islands in Port Stanley (McGibbon 1988). Whilst the apparent gravity difference between Port Stanley and the base station in the UK had been calculated via a two-way air tie using a LaCoste and Romberg meter (McGibbon 1988) and later strengthened with three two-way air ties using four LaCoste and Romberg meters (Bassett 1987), the link between Port Stanley and Rothera was based on a one-way tie that included a lengthy ship borne passage (McGibbon 1988). The weakness of this link insured that the adopted gravity value at Rothera continued to be based on the ship ties made by Griffiths et al. (1964) and Kennett (1965). This note describes the strengthening of the gravity link between Rothera and Port Stanley and the subsequent reassignment of the adopted gravity value at Rothera Station.

“Some Sanity and Love”: The Cold War, Antarctic Treaty, and Fids’ identity, 1957–1958

Polar Record ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 334-336
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Avery
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Small Groups ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Falkland Islands ◽  
British Government ◽  
Antarctic Treaty ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
National Governments ◽  
The Antarctic

AbstractIn 1942, the British government created the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) to enforce sovereignty over the Antarctic Peninsula. The small groups of men who worked for the Survey called themselves Fids. During the late 1950s when Antarctic sovereignty was being hotly debated and worked out by national governments, Fids serving at British bases criticised the British government’s use of science as a bargaining chip. Using in-house magazines written and printed at FIDS bases and oral histories, this article examines how Fids viewed Antarctic politics and how those events influenced daily life at bases on the Peninsula.

scholarly journals Juvenile morphology of the large Antarctic canopy-forming brown alga, Desmarestia menziesii J. Agardh

Polar Biology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 2097-2103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frithjof C. Küpper ◽  
Charles D. Amsler ◽  
Simon Morley ◽  
Bruno de Reviers ◽  
Aurelia Reichardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Life Form ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Marguerite Bay ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Natural Range ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Adelaide Island ◽  
Desmarestia Menziesii

Abstract For many types of seaweeds in Polar Regions, open questions remain about how their life cycle contributes to their overall adaptation to the extreme abiotic environment. This applies in particular to the major canopy-forming brown algae in much of the Antarctic Peninsula of the genus Desmarestia, which was investigated here. Diving surveys around Rothera Research Station (Adelaide Island, Antarctica) during December 2017–February 2018 revealed the widespread presence of a hitherto-unknown life form of Desmarestia sp. of a tender, feather-like morphology. Further studies explored whether this could be (1) a new, hitherto undescribed Desmarestia species (2) a new record for the region of a known Desmarestia species previously recorded elsewhere or (3) a so-far unknown life form of a species recorded for the region. Collections enabled the extraction of PCR-friendly DNA and sequencing of ITS1, which unambiguously showed that the samples belonged to Desmarestia menziesii, the only Desmarestia species presently recorded for the Adelaide Island/Marguerite Bay region. The presence of the juvenile morphology was subsequently confirmed throughout much of the natural range of D. menziesii during cruise-based diving surveys along the Western Antarctic Peninsula in 2019 and from collections at Anvers Island in 1989. Our collections thus constitute its juvenile morphology, which is not previously documented in the literature. The wider significance for the Polar seaweeds is discussed in the context of Taxonomy and Ecology.

Assessing the potential of multispectral remote sensing for lithological mapping on the Antarctic Peninsula: case study from eastern Adelaide Island, Graham Land

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.E. Haselwimmer ◽  
T.R. Riley ◽  
J.G. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Spectral Properties ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Lithological Mapping ◽  
Aster Data ◽  
Intrusive Rocks ◽  
Multispectral Remote Sensing ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Adelaide Island

AbstractThe results of lithological mapping using Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data for the Wright Peninsula region of Adelaide Island, Antarctic Peninsula are compared with existing geological maps and recent field observations to assess the potential of multispectral remote sensing to undertake lithological mapping on the Antarctic Peninsula. The Wright Peninsula comprises calc-alkaline intrusive rocks ranging from granite to gabbro, volcanic rocks of acidic to intermediate composition, and arc-related sediments. The reflective and thermal bands of a single ASTER image were analysed with reference to reflectance spectra of rock samples from the study area. Assessment of the ASTER mapping outcomes was undertaken with a newly compiled geological map of Adelaide Island and observations made during recent fieldwork. The results demonstrate that ASTER can uniquely discriminate granitoid intrusive rocks and altered rhyolitic volcanic rocks that display distinctive spectral properties. The results are more ambiguous at discriminating more intermediate/mafic rocks such as diorite/gabbro, andesite/basalt and chlorite-bearing sediments due to the similarity in spectral properties. These results demonstrate that although ASTER data are limited in their ability to uniquely discriminate lithologies they can provide important lithological information in support of geological mapping on the Antarctic Peninsula.

scholarly journals Chrono- and lithostratigraphy of a Mesozoic–Tertiary fore- to intra-arc basin: Adelaide Island, Antarctic Peninsula

2011 ◽  
Vol 149 (5) ◽  
pp. 768-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
TEAL R. RILEY ◽  
MICHAEL J. FLOWERDEW ◽  
MARTIN J. WHITEHOUSE
Keyword(s):  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Basaltic Andesite ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Volcanic Group ◽  
Volcaniclastic Rocks ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Adelaide Island

AbstractThe Mesozoic fore-arc of the Antarctic Peninsula is exposed along its west coast. On Adelaide Island, a 2–3 km succession of turbiditic coarse sandstones and volcanic rocks is exposed. Four U–Pb (zircon) ages are presented here that, in combination with a new stratigraphy, have permitted a robust chrono- and lithostratigraphy to be constructed, which in turn has allowed tentative correlations to be made with the Fossil Bluff Group of Alexander Island, where the ‘type’ fore-arc sequences are described. The lithostratigraphy of Adelaide Island includes the definition of five volcanic/sedimentary formations. The oldest formation is the Buchia Buttress Formation (149.5 ± 1.6 Ma) and is correlated with the Himalia Ridge Formation of Alexander Island. The sandstone–conglomerate dominated succession of the Milestone Bluff Formation (113.9 ± 1.2 Ma) is tentatively correlated with the Pluto Glacier Formation of Alexander Island. Three dominantly volcanic formations are recognized on Adelaide Island, akin to the volcanic rocks of the Alexander Island Volcanic Group; the Mount Liotard Formation is formed of 2 km of basaltic andesite lavas, whilst the Bond Nunatak Formation is also dominated by basaltic andesite lavas, but interbedded with volcaniclastic rocks. The Reptile Ridge Formation has been dated at 67.6 ± 0.7 Ma and is characterized by hydrothermally altered rhyolitic crystal-lithic tuffs. Tentative correlations between Adelaide Island and Alexander Island preclude the two areas forming part of distinct terranes as has been suggested previously, and a proximal source for volcaniclastic sediments also indicates an exotic terrane origin is unlikely.

Mapping the Falkland Islands Dependencies

Polar Record ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 8 (53) ◽  
pp. 118-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Leay
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Work ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Full Description ◽  
Falkland Islands ◽  
General Picture ◽  
The Public ◽  
British Occupation ◽  
Area North ◽  
Similar Area ◽  
The Antarctic

SummaryIt is just ten years since the Directorate of Colonial Surveys became responsible for the production and publication of maps of the Falkland Islands Dependencies; in this account it is proposed to give a description of the work completed and an outline of the future programme.“Operation Tabarin”, inaugurated in 1943, marked the re-establishment of British occupation and scientific activity in the region and included in its policy a programme of continuous scientific investigation within the area between 20° and 80° W. This venture later became known as the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey, or F.I.D.S. It is in co-operation with F.I.D.S., and more particularly with the surveyors who work at the Directorate for several months on their return from the Antarctic, that the compilation and plotting of a systematic series of medium scale maps has been possible. In 1951 an article was published in this journal giving a full description of the type of survey undertaken, the methods and the instruments used and a brief summary of the maps published and planned.At first the need was for maps for planning and other non-scientific purposes, but since 1951 the emphasis has moved towards the larger scales which are required principally as a basis for scientific work as well as for general use within the Dependencies. Between 1948 and 1950 a series of maps covering most of the area north of 75° S. was published at 1:500,000, and this is still the most useful scale for gaining a general picture of the topography. In 1953 work began on a series of maps covering a similar area to be published at 1:200,000. During the last ten years maps have been compiled at scales ranging from 1:9 million to 1:15,000, many of which have been printed and issued for general purposes, while others have been produced to illustrate specialized reports on, for example, meteorology in the Dependencies. It is not, however, proposed to include a detailed summary of these maps here, the following description covers only those maps which are on sale to the public or which form part of a systematic series.

Antarctic Ecosystems The freshwater lakes of Signy Island and their fauna

1967 ◽  
Vol 252 (777) ◽  
pp. 347-362 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Summer Season ◽  
Falkland Islands ◽  
Freshwater Lakes ◽  
Orkney Islands ◽  
Signy Island ◽  
Antarctic Expedition ◽  
South Orkney Islands ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Taxonomic Evaluation ◽  
British Sector

Prior to 1962 work on freshwater within the British Sector of the Antarctic had been confined to the collection of specimens and their subsequent taxonomic evaluation. Collections were made by such expeditions as the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition 1902- 04, the various Discover y Investigations in this region 1925-37, the British Graham Land Expedition 1934-37 and the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey 1945-62. During the 1961/1962 summer season an ecological investigation of the freshwater lakes of Signy Island, South Orkney Islands, was started. This paper is an interim report on that work.

The stratigraphy and geochronology of Adelaide Island

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 462-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris J. Griffiths ◽  
Richard D. J. Oglethorpe
Keyword(s):  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
The South ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
Step Heating ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Cretaceous Volcanism ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Adelaide Island

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic volcanic arc of the Antarctic Peninsula is represented on Adelaide Island by a sedimentary and volcanic succession intruded by plutons. 40Ar-39 Ar step-heating age spectra have been obtained from volcanic rocks and hornblende separates from sedimentary clasts of plutonic origin. These spectra show evidence for some argon loss, but, in general, have plateau ages which are consistent with the mapped stratigraphy and with other geochronological controls, suggesting that they approximate to original ages. As a result the following events in the evolution of Adelaide Island can be recognized:1) mostly marine Mesozoic sedimentation, 2) Early Cretaceous (c. 141 Ma) plutonism (recorded in clasts from conglomerates), 3) Cretaceous volcanism, 4) Late Cretaceous (possibly Tertiary) sedimentation, 5) Early Tertiary volcanism, which was acidic in eastern outcrops and intermediate elsewhere, and 6) Eocene intermediate volcanism and deposition of arc-derived conglomerates. Volcanism was possibly coeval with known Palaeocene-Eocene plutonic activity on Adelaide Island (part of the Antarctic Peninsula Batholith) and with volcanism of similar age in northern Alexander Island and the South Shetland Islands. The volcanism on Adelaide Island and the South Shetland Islands, at least, was associated with a westward migration of the Antarctic Peninsula arc.

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