Noise annoyance with regard to neurophysiological sensitivity, subjective noise sensitivity and personality variables

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evy Öhrström ◽  
Martin Björkman ◽  
Ragnar Rylander
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Noise Sensitivity ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Personality Variables ◽  
Discomfort Threshold ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Heart Rate Reaction

SynopsisTo evaluate the relation between annoyance to environmental noise, general neurophysiological sensitivity, subjective noise sensitivity and other individual characteristics, experiments were undertaken in which 93 subjects assessed their subjective annoyance after exposure to noise under laboratory conditions. Evaluations were made of the discomfort threshold for pulsating sound, the light discomfort, and heat and cold discomfort. The heart rate and discomfort after exposure to a series of impulse noises was also determined. Subjective noise sensitivity, attitudes to noise, mood and personality characteristics of the subjects were evaluated using questionnaires.The results show that the annoyance after exposure to noise was not closely related to the general neurophysiological sensitivity, measured as discomfort threshold for noise, heat, cold and light; or to the heart rate reaction or discomfort after exposure to impulse noise. The annoyance was highly correlated with subjectively reported noise sensitivity and with the attitude to noise. There was also a relationship with neuroticism, measured with the EPI scale.It is suggested that the subjective noise sensitivity, attitude and neuroticism for the definition of noise sensitivity be defined in future studies of long term effects of noise exposure.

Long Term Effects of Low Frequency (10 Hz) Vagus Nerve Stimulation on EEG and Heart Rate Variability in Crohn's Disease: A Case Report

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 914-916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Didier Clarençon ◽  
Sonia Pellissier ◽  
Valérie Sinniger ◽  
Astrid Kibleur ◽  
Dominique Hoffman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Vagus Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Long Term Effects

Methamphetamine use and psychotic symptoms: findings from a New Zealand longitudinal birth cohort

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Boden ◽  
James A. Foulds ◽  
Giles Newton-Howes ◽  
Rebecca McKetin
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
General Population ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Methamphetamine Use ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Psychosis Risk

Abstract Background This study examined the association between methamphetamine use and psychotic symptoms in a New Zealand general population birth cohort (n = 1265 at birth). Methods At age 18, 21, 25, 30, and 35, participants reported on their methamphetamine use and psychotic symptoms in the period since the previous interview. Generalized estimating equations modelled the association between methamphetamine use and psychotic symptoms (percentage reporting any symptom, and number of symptoms per participant). Confounding factors included childhood individual characteristics, family socioeconomic circumstances and family functioning. Long term effects of methamphetamine use on psychotic symptoms were assessed by comparing the incidence of psychotic symptoms at age 30–35 for those with and without a history of methamphetamine use prior to age 30. Results After adjusting for confounding factors and time-varying covariate factors including concurrent cannabis use, methamphetamine use was associated with a modest increase in psychosis risk over five waves of data (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.33, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03–1.72 for the percentage measure; and IRR 1.24, 95% CI 1.02–1.50 for the symptom count measure). The increased risk of psychotic symptoms was concentrated among participants who had used at least weekly at any point (adjusted OR 2.85, 95% CI 1.21–6.69). Use of methamphetamine less than weekly was not associated with increased psychosis risk. We found no evidence for a persistent vulnerability to psychosis in the absence of continuing methamphetamine use. Conclusion Methamphetamine use is associated with increased risk of psychotic symptoms in the general population. Increased risk is chiefly confined to people who ever used regularly (at least weekly), and recently.

scholarly journals Relationships between the Rider’s Pelvic Mobility and Balance on a Gymnastic Ball with Equestrian Skills and Effects on Horse Welfare

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 453
Author(s):  
Mette Uldahl ◽  
Janne W. Christensen ◽  
Hilary M. Clayton
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Core Stability ◽  
Static Balancing ◽  
Conflict Behaviors ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
And Control ◽  
Energetic Performance ◽  
Working Heart

Riders need core stability to follow and guide the horse’s movements and avoid giving unintended or conflicting signals. This study evaluated the rider’s performance of exercises on a gymnastic ball with on-horse performance and indicators of stress in the horse. Twenty experienced riders were scored performing three exercises on a gymnastic ball and for quality and harmony when riding based on evaluation of video recordings in which conflict behaviours were evident. The horse’s heart rate and number of conflict behaviors during the riding test and cortisol levels after completion of the test were measured. The rider’s ability to roll the pelvis from side-to-side on a gymnastic ball was highly correlated with ability to circle the pelvis on the ball and with quality and harmony during riding. However, pelvic roll and riding quality and harmony showed a trend toward a negative correlation with balancing skills on the ball. It appears that the ability to actively move the pelvis is more relevant to equestrian performance than static balancing skill. Horses ridden by riders with better pelvic mobility and control showed significantly fewer conflict behaviors. On the contrary, high scores for balancing on the gymnastic ball were negatively correlated with the horses’ working heart rates, suggesting a less energetic performance. Pelvic control and mobility may be predictive for equestrian skills and riding harmony.

Short- and long-term effects of cigarette smoking on heart rate variability

1990 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junichiro Hayano ◽  
Masami Yamada ◽  
Yusaku Sakakibara ◽  
Takao Fujinami ◽  
Kiyoko Yokoyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short And Long Term

scholarly journals Outdoor Temperature, Heart Rate and Blood Pressure in Chinese Adults: Effect Modification by Individual Characteristics

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Madaniyazi ◽  
Yong Zhou ◽  
Shanshan Li ◽  
Gail Williams ◽  
Jouni J.K. Jaakkola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Effect Modification ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Outdoor Temperature ◽  
Chinese Adults

scholarly journals Reconstruction of historical noise exposure data for environmental epidemiology in Switzerland within the SiRENE project

Noise Mapping ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Karipidis ◽  
Danielle Vienneau ◽  
Manuel Habermacher ◽  
Micha Köpflii ◽  
Mark Brink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Traffic Information ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Exposure Analysis ◽  
Short And Long Term

AbstractIn 2014 the three-year interdisciplinary study SiRENE (Short and Long Term Effects of Traffic Noise Exposure) was launched in Switzerland. The goal of SiRENE is to investigate acute, short- and long-term e_ects of road, railway and aircraft noise exposure on annoyance, sleep disturbances and cardio-metabolic risk.The study is based on a detailed Swiss-wide assessment of transportation noise exposure, including diurnal distributions. The exposure analysis comprises current as well as historical exposure calculations for up to 20 years in the past.We present the major challenges of compiling sufficient data to support a Swiss-wide model for all buildings and including all transport infrastructure as a basis for the subsequent SiRENE sound exposure analysis for the years 2011, 2001 and 1991. The task is particularly challenging for the early years due to poor data quality and/or lack of availability. We address the integration of geo-referenced input datasets from various sources and time periods, the assignment of tra_c noise exposure from façade points to dwelling units, as well as the processing of traffic information and statistics. Preliminary results of the noise exposure calculations are presented.

scholarly journals Linear and Complex Measures of Heart Rate Variability during Exposure to Traffic Noise in Healthy Women

Complexity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myrela Alves ◽  
David M. Garner ◽  
Anne M. G. G. Fontes ◽  
Luiz Vinicius de Alcantara Sousa ◽  
Vitor E. Valenti
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Global Analysis ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Large Effect Size ◽  
City Street ◽  
Linear Behavior ◽  
Healthy Female

Previous studies have described significant impact of different types of noise on the linear behavior of heart rate variability (HRV). However, there are few studies regarding the complexity of HRV during exposure to traffic noise. In this study, we evaluated the complexity of HRV during traffic noise exposure. We analyzed 31 healthy female students aged between 18 and 30 years. Volunteers remained at rest seated under spontaneous breathing during 10 minutes with an earphone turned off, and then they were exposed to traffic noise through an earphone for a period of 10 minutes. The traffic noise was recorded from a very busy city street and the sound was comprised of car, bus, and trucks engines and horn (71–104 dB). We observed no significant changes in the linear analysis of HRV. CFP3 (Cohen’s d=1.28, large effect size) and CFP6 (Cohen’s d=1.11, large effect size) parameters of chaotic global analysis and Shannon (Cohen’s d=1.13, large effect size), Renyi (Cohen’s d=1.06, large effect size), and Tsallis (Cohen’s d=1.14, large effect size) entropies significantly increased p<0.005 during traffic noise exposure. In conclusion, traffic noise under laboratory conditions increased the complexity of HRV through chaotic global analysis and some measures of entropy in healthy females.

scholarly journals On the Applicability of Speaker Diarization to Audio Indexing of Non-Speech and Mixed Non-Speech/Speech Video Soundtracks

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Mertens ◽  
Po-Sen Huang ◽  
Luke Gottlieb ◽  
Gerald Friedland ◽  
Ajay Divakaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Feature Space ◽  
Acoustic Properties ◽  
Speaker Diarization ◽  
Concept System ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Audio Indexing ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Video Concept Detection

A video’s soundtrack is usually highly correlated to its content. Hence, audio-based techniques have recently emerged as a means for video concept detection complementary to visual analysis. Most state-of-the-art approaches rely on manual definition of predefined sound concepts such as “ngine sounds,” “utdoor/indoor sounds.” These approaches come with three major drawbacks: manual definitions do not scale as they are highly domain-dependent, manual definitions are highly subjective with respect to annotators and a large part of the audio content is omitted since the predefined concepts are usually found only in a fraction of the soundtrack. This paper explores how unsupervised audio segmentation systems like speaker diarization can be adapted to automatically identify low-level sound concepts similar to annotator defined concepts and how these concepts can be used for audio indexing. Speaker diarization systems are designed to answer the question “ho spoke when?”by finding segments in an audio stream that exhibit similar properties in feature space, i.e., sound similar. Using a diarization system, all the content of an audio file is analyzed and similar sounds are clustered. This article provides an in-depth analysis on the statistic properties of similar acoustic segments identified by the diarization system in a predefined document set and the theoretical fitness of this approach to discern one document class from another. It also discusses how diarization can be tuned in order to better reflect the acoustic properties of general sounds as opposed to speech and introduces a proof-of-concept system for multimedia event classification working with diarization-based indexing.

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