A study of the validity of the scaled version of the General Health Questionnaire in paralysed spinally injured out-patients

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 497-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Griffiths ◽  
D. H. Myers ◽  
A. W. Talbot
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Misclassification Rate ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
The West ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Relative Operating Characteristic ◽  
West Midlands

SynopsisThis study validates the GHQ-28 on a sample of paralysed, spinally injured outpatients under the care of the West Midlands Spinal Injuries Unit. The validity of the GHQ-28 was 0·83 (95% confidence interval: 0·70 to 0·93) using the Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS) as the validating criterion. The effectiveness of the GHQ-28 as a screening instrument using CIS 11/12 as case criterion, and thus a prevalence rate of 0·18, was judged by relative operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The area under the ROC curve was 0·91±0·03. “Optimum’ discrimination occurred near GHQ 3/4 (0011 scoring scheme) giving a sensitivity of 0·81, a specificity of 0·82 and a misclassification rate of 18%.

A comparison of the validity of two psychiatric screening questionnaires (GHQ-12 and SRQ-20) in Brazil, using Relative Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis

1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 651-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jair De Jesus Mari ◽  
Paul Williams
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Misclassification Rate ◽  
Screening Instruments ◽  
Relative Operating Characteristic ◽  
Validity Data ◽  
Psychiatric Screening

SynopsisThe General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) (Goldberg, 1972) and the Self Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20) (Hardinget al.1980) were simultaneously validated against the criterion of the Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS) (Goldberget al.1970) in three primary care clinics in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil. A comparison between the two screening instruments was carried out. The product-moment correlation between the two sets of scores was +0·72, and the validation coefficients for the GHQ-12 and the SRQ-20 were respectively: sensitivity 85% and 83%; specificity 79% and 80%; overall misclassification rate 18% and 19%.The two screening instruments were further compared by the application of Relative Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis and, again, were found to be very similar in performance. The area under the ROC curve was 0·87 for the GHQ and 0·90 for the SRQ-20 (Z = 0·92, NS). Both psychiatric screening instruments were therefore found to be acceptably valid when assessed against the CIS in three primary care settings in Brazil.The application of ROC analysis to studies of this kind was feasible and straightforward. It was found to be superior to the conventional method of presentation of validity data. It is recommended that the application of ROC analysis to psychiatric screening studies be further utilized and explored.

A comparison of the validity of two psychiatric screening questionnaires: the Arabic General Health Questionnaire (AGHQ) and Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) in UAE, using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ghubash ◽  
T. Daradkeh ◽  
O.F. El-Rufaie ◽  
M.T. Abou-Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
General Health ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Validity Indices ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire ◽  
Receiver Operating

AbstractThis study compared the ability of the Arabic General Health questionnaire (AGHQ) and Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) to screen ICD-10 psychiatric disorders in an Arab community in Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. Standardised psychiatric assessments of subjects using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) were carried out. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine validity indices for the AGHQ and SRQ-20. For the AGHQ, sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve (AUC) were 86, 85 and 93% respectively, while for the SRQ-20, validity indices were 83, 83 and 90% respectively. Overall performance of the AGHQ was significantly better than the SRQ-20, especially in males and those under the age of 30 years. We conclude that both questionnaires are valid screening instruments in an Arab community in the UAE.

Neurosis and Social Bonds in an Urban Population

1979 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Henderson ◽  
P. Duncan-Jones ◽  
D. G. Byrnf ◽  
Sylvia Adcock ◽  
Ruth Scott
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
General Health ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Social Bonds ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Causal Factor ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Interview Schedule

The hypothesis that a deficiency in social bonds is a significant causal factor in neurosis was examined in a sample of an urban population (N = 756). The General Health Questionnaire was used as a measure of morbidity while social bonds were measured by the Interview Schedule for Social Interaction. An association was found between neurosis and a deficiency, particularly a perceived deficiency, in social bonds. Attention is now being directed to the interpretation of this association and to establishing the direction of causality.

Emotional Disturbances in Endocrine Patients

1988 ◽  
Vol 152 (6) ◽  
pp. 807-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Lobo ◽  
Maria-Jesús Pérez-Echeverría ◽  
Antonio Jiménez-Aznárez ◽  
Maria-Antonia Sancho
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
General Health ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Emotional Disturbances ◽  
Type I ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Additional Information

The 28-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) has been validated against the criterion of the Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS) in Spanish patients in hospital with several types of endocrinological illnesses. The screening instrument correctly identified 91 of 100 respondents as exhibiting psychiatric disorder. The questionnaire's efficacy was similar at the time of medical discharge, when the rate of disorder was significantly lower. Significant correlations were found between GHQ total scores and endocrine blood measures in Addison's disease, and in Type I diabetes. The four subscales of the GHQ sum to provide additional information concerning somatic symptoms and anxiety.

Validation of the 30-item General Health Questionnaire in early pregnancy

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 503-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah J. Sharp
Keyword(s):  
General Health ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Relative Operating Characteristic ◽  
Psychiatric Interview ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Severity Rating ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

SynopsisOne-hundred-and-seventy-nine women attending their first antenatal clinic at two general practices in South London were asked to complete the 30-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-30) as part of a larger prospective longitudinal study into childbirth-related affective disorders. The women were later interviewed at home and a standardized psychiatric interview administered. Relative operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine the optimum cut-off point on the GHQ-30. Thirty-five per cent of the women were high scorers on the GHQ-30 (≥6) and 29% were found to be ‘cases’ at interview (CIS Overall Severity Rating ≥2).

Detecting psychiatric disorders in medical practice using the General Health Questionnaire. Why do cut-off scores vary?

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Van Hemert ◽  
M. Den Heijer ◽  
M. Vorstenbosch ◽  
J. H. Bolk
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
General Health ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Discriminatory Capacity

SynopsisIn this study we assessed the accuracy of the General Health Questionnaire in detecting psychiatric disorders in general medical out-patients. A total of 290 newly referred patients were interviewed with the Present State Examination. Prior to the interview, 112 patients completed the full GHQ-60, 100 completed the GHQ-30 and 78 completed the GHQ-12. Data from the first group were used to study the full GHQ-60, together with the GHQ-30 and and GHQ-12, when disembedded from the full questionnaire. In a comparison between the disembedded and the separate versions of the GHQ-30 and GHQ-12 we observed considerable variation in the cut-off scores where a certain sensitivity and specificity was attained. In ROC-analysis, the versions were not materially different in their discriminatory capacity (area under the curve). The use of different criteria to define a ‘case’ demonstrated that case severity was another source of increasing cut-off scores. Our data demonstrate that the use of disembedded or separate versions of the questionnaire, together with variation in the case criteria can be a major explanation for variation in cut-off scores that was observed in previous studies.

The psychiatric correlates of coronary pathology: validity of the GHQ-60 as a screening instrument

1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Vázquez-Barquero ◽  
J. A. Padierna Acero ◽  
C. Peña Marti´n ◽  
A. Ochoteco
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
False Negatives ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Anginal Pain ◽  
Lower Specificity ◽  
Valid Instrument

SynopsisThe 60-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and the Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS) were administered to a consecutive series of 194 patients with established or presumptive coronary heart disease (CHD) attending an out-patient cardiology unit. The GHQ proved to be a valid instrument for the routine screening of this population. The presence of organic anginal pain was associated with high scores on the GHQ, but with a lower specificity and a higher percentage of false positives. This was not found in patients with atypical or non-cardiac chest pain. These findings suggest a need for an upward revision of the cut-off score on the GHQ in patients with organic anginal pain. False negatives were found predominantly among patients with personality disorders, and in those characterized by the longstanding nature of their symptomatology and by higher levels of defensiveness.

The Validation of the GHQ-28 and the use of the MMSE in Neurological In-Patients

1986 ◽  
Vol 148 (5) ◽  
pp. 548-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. W. Bridges ◽  
D. P. Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
The United States ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Discriminating Power ◽  
Threshold Score ◽  
The Uk ◽  
State Examination

The routine use of screening instruments for psychiatric and cognitive impairment in hospital in-patients has been recommended in the United States. The validity of the scaled version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) and the clinical utility of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were therefore evaluated in a consecutive series of neurological in-patients (N=102). Using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis, the discriminating power of the GHQ was very good, and best when using a threshold score of 11/12. The patient sample turned out not to contain any with generalised cortical damage, which casts some doubt on whether the MMSE should be used routinely in all neurological in-patients units in the UK.

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