Physical activity and prenatal depression: going beyond statistical significance by assessing the impact of reliable and clinical significant change

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Marina Vargas-Terrones ◽  
Taniya S. Nagpal ◽  
Maria Perales ◽  
Harry Prapavessis ◽  
Michelle F. Mottola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Prenatal Depression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Point Change ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Previous literature supports exercise as a preventative agent for prenatal depression; however, treatment effects for women at risk for prenatal depression remain unexplored. The purpose of the study was to examine whether exercise can lower depressive symptoms among women who began pregnancy at risk for depression using both a statistical significance and reliable and clinically significant change criteria. Methods This study is a secondary analysis of two randomized controlled trials that followed the same exercise protocol. Pregnant women were allocated to an exercise intervention group (IG) or control group (CG). All participants completed the Center for Epidemiological Depression (CES-D) scale at gestational week 9–16 and 36–38. Women with a baseline score ⩾16 were included. A clinically reliable cut-off was calculated as a 7-point change in scores from pre- to post-intervention. Results Thirty-six women in the IG and 25 women in the CG scored ⩾16 on the CES-D at baseline. At week 36–38 the IG had a statistically significant lower CES-D score (14.4 ± 8.6) than the CG (19.4 ± 11.1; p < 0.05). Twenty-two women in the IG (61%) had a clinically reliable decrease in their post-intervention score compared to eight women in the CG (32%; p < 0.05). Among the women who met the reliable change criteria, 18 (81%) in the IG and 7 (88%) in the CG had a score <16 post-intervention, with no difference between groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions A structured exercise program might be a useful treatment option for women at risk for prenatal depression.

A Randomized Study to Assess the Impact of Pharmacist Counseling of Employer-Based Health Plan Beneficiaries With Diabetes

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale F. Kraemer ◽  
Wayne A. Kradjan ◽  
Theresa M. Bianco ◽  
Judi A. Low
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Counseling Intervention ◽  
Care Plans ◽  
Pharmacist Counseling ◽  
The Impact

Objective: To assess the impact of pharmacist counseling on empowering people with diabetes to better self-care. Introduction: Community-based pharmacists can play a key role in educating and empowering people in such programs. Methods: A randomized trial compared the effects of pharmacist counseling (intervention group) with printed materials (control group) in diabetic beneficiaries of several employer-based health care plans. All participants also received waiver of out-of-pocket expenses for diabetic-related medications and supplies. Clinical, humanistic, and claim outcomes were evaluated at baseline and at 1 year follow-up. Results: Sixty-seven beneficiaries participated in this study. The 0.50% decrease from baseline in glycosylated hemoglobin (A1c) was statistically significant ( P = .0008) in the intervention group and the difference between the groups approached statistical significance ( P = .076). Beneficiaries in both groups had greater claim costs for diabetic-related medications and supplies during the study year. Both groups also improved in ability to manage their diabetes with the counseling group showing a significantly better understanding of diabetes ( P = .0024). Conclusion: There was a trend toward improvement in A1c in patients counseled by pharmacist with an increased utilization of diabetes-related medications and supplies. Counseling also improved diabetes knowledge and empowered patients to better diabetes management.

scholarly journals U-EXCEL’S “@ HOME” PROGRAM: STAFF SUPPORTED BALANCE EXERCISE INTERVENTION AND ADHERENCE FOR LIFE CARE RESIDENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S975-S975
Author(s):  
Marilyn R Gugliucci ◽  
Erica Robertson ◽  
Ashley Cronkright ◽  
Sujaay Jagannathan
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Falls Prevention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Life Care ◽  
Select Group ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction: The University of New England College of Osteopathic Medicine U-ExCEL Program was established in 2006 and specializes in older adult fitness and balance programming. Falls account for $54 billion costs in direct and Indirect costs. Methods: This randomized control single blinded pilot project included an 8 week intervention to measure the impact of supported consistent individual balance programming in individuals’ apartments for a select group of older adults residing in a life care living environment. Twenty residents (75-92 y/o) were recruited, however 12 participants (6 intervention/6 control group) participated in the study. The remaining 8 participants were pulled from the wait list as attrition occurred. Demographic data collection and 6 validated assessments were conducted at baseline and at study completion. The intervention group conducted the Balancing Act (Falls Prevention) Program 3 times/week with social support. The control group only received social support. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, SAS 5.1 was used for non-parametric Mann-Whitney U Test (Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test); a repeated measures ANOVA was also conducted. Results: The effects of the intervention (Balancing Act Program) on Oxygen Saturation (p=0.009), Wong Baker Score (p=0.008), and the Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity (RAPA) 2 (p=0.008) test were statistically significant. The effect of the intervention on all other variables was not statistically significant including validated balance measures. Conclusion: Quantitative measures failed so show significant improvement in balance from the start to the end of the intervention; however improvements were experienced and expressed by the intervention group. Social Support is necessary for adherence.

Impact of Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis Algorithm Study

2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 810-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian J Coursol ◽  
Sabrina E Sanzari
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Stress Ulcer ◽  
Treatment Algorithm ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Ulcer Prophylaxis ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND: In the intensive care unit at Royal Victoria Hospital, we noted that drugs prescribed for stress ulcer prophylaxis were not always indicated or optimal. Accordingly, we implemented an algorithm for stress ulcer prophylaxis to guide the medical team in their decisions. The agents selected for the algorithm were intravenous famotidine and omeprazole suspension or tablets, depending on the available administration route. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of a treatment algorithm on the appropriateness of prescriptions for stress ulcer prophylaxis. METHODS: A quasi-experimental—type evaluative study was conducted based on a pre-/post-intervention design without a concurrent control group. A total of 555 complete admissions met the selection criteria; 303 patients formed the pre-intervention group, and 252 made up the post-intervention group (exposed to the treatment algorithm). RESULTS: After implementation of the algorithm, the proportion of inappropriate prophylaxis was decreased (95.7% vs 88.2%; p = 0.033). The number of days of inappropriate prophylaxis was also reduced significantly (p = 0.013), as was the cost per patient (p = 0.003) for all admissions. However, no difference was observed when the subgroup of patients who received prophylaxis alone was studied (p = 0.098 and p = 0.918). The presence of bleeding was similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Introduction by pharmacists of a treatment algorithm for stress ulcer prophylaxis in intensive care units allows a reduction of inappropriate prescriptions and thus a reduction in the cost of drugs. The use of omeprazole suspension seems to be an alternative to intravenous histamine2-inhibitors; however, a large-scale study is necessary to confirm the efficacy and safety of proton-pump inhibitors administered by an enteral tube.

scholarly journals The impact of a peer-based education on fruits and vegetables intake among housewives

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roya Sheybani ◽  
Zahra Hosseini ◽  
Sayed Hossein Davoodi ◽  
Teamur Aghamolaei ◽  
Amin Ghanbarnejad
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Peer Education ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Evidence indicates the lower intake of fruits and vegetables than the recommended daily amount. Study aimed at determining the effects of peer education intervention on the consumption of fruits and vegetable in housewives. Methods A quasi-experimental was conducted with 130 housewives referring to health care centers in Bandar Abbas, Iran. Sixty-five subjects were recruited in each of the intervention and the control groups. Intervention group were divided into three subgroups each receiving a seven-sessions educational programs (lecturing and group discussion) through peers about the importance of benefits of fruits and vegetables consumption. Participants were followed for two months. Data were collected using a questionnaire in two stages of pre- and post-intervention. Differences in the outcome before and after the intervention were tested using T-test and paired T-test. Results The daily servings of fruits and vegetables in the intervention group increased from 1.73 to 4.20 and in the control group from 1.96 to 2.16; a statistically significant difference was also observed between the groups (P < 0.001). After the intervention benefits and self-efficacy of fruits and vegetables consumption significantly increased and perceived barriers of fruits and vegetables consumption significantly decreased in the intervention group (P < 0.001). Conclusion Peer education improves benefits and self-efficacy, reduces barriers, and increases the daily servings of fruits and vegetables in housewives.

Evaluating the Impact of Teacher-designed, Wellbeing and Sustainability Play-based Learning Experiences on Young Children's Knowledge Connections: A Randomised Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Heather Morris ◽  
Susan Edwards ◽  
Amy Cutter-Mackenzie ◽  
Leonie Rutherford ◽  
Janet Williams-Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Learning Experiences ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Waitlist Control Group ◽  
Children's Interests ◽  
The Impact

THIS PAPER REPORTS FINDINGS from a randomised investigation into the effect of teacher-designed, play-based learning experiences on preschool-aged children's knowledge connections between healthy eating and active play as wellbeing concepts, and sustainability. The investigation used a ‘ funds of knowledge’ theoretical framework to situate young children's interests in digital media and popular culture, as a site for learning these knowledge connections. The findings suggest that the intervention group children created more wellbeing and sustainability knowledge connections than the waitlist control group children. Additionally, the intervention group children demonstrated an increase in vegetable serves and a decrease in unhealthy food servings post intervention (measured by parent report). The paper suggests that more attention should be paid to early childhood teachers’ capacity for actively building children's knowledge about wellbeing and sustainability concepts through play-based learning, as opposed to top-down approaches towards obesity education and prevention alone.

Abstract P211: Stroke Recovery Navigator to Improve Post Stroke Recovery

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Rindels ◽  
Anna Taylor ◽  
Aurora Quigley ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Stroke Recovery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
The Impact

Social support impacts recovery after stroke. Patient centered navigation programs provide social support and have shown benefit with other patient populations. The purpose of this study is to determine if there is a difference in outcomes for stroke survivors and caregivers who receive navigation services post-discharge. The study used a multi-center quasi-experimental before-after design to examine the impact of a telephone-based stroke navigation. Selected recruitment sites were nine facilities without navigation programs. Facilities provided information to survivors and caregivers about Stroke Recovery Navigator (SRN) prior to discharge and made referrals to the program. Participants were randomized into control and intervention groups using a computer-generated coin flip. Navigators completed telephone assessments within a week of referral. Navigators received the following trainings: Patient Navigation Fundamentals, motivational interviewing, and mental health first aid. The Reintegration to Normal Living (RNLI) scale was completed by all survivors and the Zarit Caregiver Burden scale was completed by all caregivers. The control group completed the initial and final assessments using these tools. In addition to these assessments, the intervention group received an individualized navigation plan and weekly contact by the SRN. The study randomized 301 individuals (82 caregivers, 219 survivors), with completion rate of 32%. Caregiver demographic characteristics and baseline caregiver burden scores were not statistically significant. Caregiver burden in the intervention group were lower compared to the control group, but not statistically significant (p=0.25). Demographic characteristics for survivors were similar between groups. RNLI score for survivors was slightly higher for the intervention group (p<0.10). To achieve statistical significance additional participants were needed. In conclusion differences in quality of life for survivors and caregivers were not statistically significant between the groups. Additional information on the benefits of an SRN program is needed to support its implementation. However, important lessons were learned to improve such program and its design.

scholarly journals Development and Complex Dynamics at School Environment

Complexity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Angel Fuentes ◽  
Juan Pablo Cárdenas ◽  
Natalia Carro ◽  
Mariana Lozada
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Behavioral Plasticity ◽  
School Context ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Positive Interactions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
The Impact

In this work we use complex systems methodologies to analyze quantitatively the impact of an intervention involving cooperative and self-awareness activities on social interactions in children. The aim of this study is to evaluate behavioral plasticity of social relationships between peers in 6-7 year-olds who participated in the intervention conducted in a school context. The intervention consisted of 8 one-hour long sessions comprising mindfulness-based practices, collaborative activities that required cooperation, and perspective-taking instances in which children shared feelings, perceptions, and needs felt during the activities. We used complex network and game theory to evaluate pre-post-intervention variations. Social relationship was analyzed with a sociogram in both the intervention group and a control group which continued with regular classes. By means of the sociometric questionnaire we asked each child to mention which classmates he/she would choose as playmates and which he/she would not. Changes in the number of peers selected and rejected reflected changes in the pattern of social relationships pre-post-intervention. Our findings show that participating in the intervention positively modulated social interactions since we found an increase in the diversity and quality of positive links and a reduction in negative ones; a higher level of integration, indicated by enhanced positive networks where children with many positive connections tended to connect with those with few links; and more positive interactions between genders. These findings were not observed in the control group. Through the use of the mentioned methodologies, the current investigation provides new quantitative evidence of social network plasticity in children, an important topic which, to our knowledge, has been little studied. Results from this work indicate that positive transformations in social relationships can be fostered through the performance of this kind of intervention.

scholarly journals The Effect of Group Spiritual Care on Hope in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis referred to the MS Society of Zahedan, Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mozhgan Rahnama ◽  
Malihe Rahdar ◽  
Mehdi Afshari
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spiritual Care ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Condition ◽  
The Impact

Background and Aim: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is known as an autoimmune disease and a chronic inflammatory condition, inducing a wide variety of mood affective disorders, including depression and feelings of hopelessness in many aspects of patients&rsquo; quality of life (QoL). In view of the positive side effects of spirituality and spiritual care on finding appropriate strategies for further adaptation, this study aimed to determine the impact of group spiritual care (GSC) on levels of hope in patients suffering from MS. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on a total number of 96 patients with MS, referring to the National Multiple Sclerosis Society (NMSS) in the city of Zahedan, Iran. Following sample selection via the convenience sampling technique, the patients meeting the inclusion criteria were randomized into two groups, i.e., intervention and control. The data collection tools for this purpose included a demographic information form and the Adult Hope Scale (AHS, Snyder et al. 1991), completed by the subjects at the pre- and post-intervention stages. As well, the intervention group received five sessions of GSC during three weeks but the control group members only talked over daily issues along with their mental health problems. The data were also analyzed using the SPSS Statistics software (ver. 14). Results: The Kruskal-Wallis test results revealed that the GSC intervention could have a significant positive effect on raising hope in the patients with MS (p&lt;0.001). Moreover, a significant growth was observed in the scores of hope dimensions including agency and pathway (p&lt;0.001). Conclusion: GSC can effectively boost levels of hope in patients suffering from MS in all dimensions. Therefore, it is recommended to utilize this type of care in order to nurture hope in such individuals.

Kids Active: Evaluation of an Educator-Led Active Play and Fundamental Movement Skill Intervention in the Irish Preschool Setting

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-407
Author(s):  
Christina Duff ◽  
Johann Issartel ◽  
Wesley O’ Brien ◽  
Sarahjane Belton
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Active Play ◽  
Fundamental Movement Skill ◽  
Overhand Throw ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Preschool Setting

The Kids Active program was developed with the aim of increasing physical activity (PA) and fundamental movement skill (FMS) levels of children in preschool services in Ireland through training educators to encourage active play opportunities. In this study, the impact of a six-week pilot program on educator confidence, as well as children’s PA levels and FMS proficiency, is evaluated. Educators’ (n = 32) confidence to teach PA was measured through questionnaire, while data (anthropometric data, PA via accelerometry, and proficiency in four FMS; run, vertical jump, overhand throw, and catch) were collected from 141 children in five intervention and four control services. Educators in the intervention group achieved significantly higher confidence scores at post-intervention testing in comparison to the control group. No significant differences between control and intervention groups were found for children’s PA across the three-hour period. Children in the intervention group significantly increased scores in the overhand throw. Small positive changes in educator confidence to teach PA and in children’s performance of the skill of overhand throw indicate potential effects of the Kids Active intervention that warrant further investigation of efficacy over longer periods of time.

Lifestyle interventions reduce exercise ventilatory variability in healthy individuals: a randomized intervention study

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 439-446
Author(s):  
Renata RT Castro ◽  
Allan Robson Kluser Sales ◽  
Antonio CL Nóbrega
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Materials ◽  
Diet And Exercise ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Randomized Intervention ◽  
Diet And Exercise Intervention ◽  
Randomized Intervention Study ◽  
The Impact

Aim: Variation of exercise ventilation confers poor prognosis in heart failure. Sedentary men have higher exercise ventilatory variability than athletes. However, the impact of lifestyle intervention on exercise ventilatory variability in sedentary people is unknown and this is the aim of this study. Materials & methods: Prospective controlled single-blinded interventional study that randomly assigned healthy sedentary individuals to diet and exercise (intervention group, n = 12) or no intervention (control group, n = 12) for 12 weeks. Exercise ventilatory variability was accessed before and after intervention. Results: Despite similar values at baseline, there was a 15% reduction in respiratory rate variability (root mean square of the successive differences/n) in intervention group. Conclusion: Diet and exercise training reduced exercise ventilatory variability.

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