L-2-Oxothiazolidine-4-Carboxylic Acid Protection Against Tridiphane Toxicity

Weed Science ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 669-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L. Hilton ◽  
Parthasarathy Pillai
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Glutathione Metabolism ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Transferase Activity ◽  
Sorghum Vulgare ◽  
Simultaneous Treatment ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Corn Roots ◽  
Thiol Content ◽  
Intact Roots

Tridiphane [2-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-2-(2,2,2-trichloroethyl)oxirane] inhibited growth of seedling corn (Zea maysL. ‘DK T 1100’), wheat (Triticum aesetivumL. ‘Arthur’), and sorghum (Sorghum vulgarePers. ‘DK 42Y’) in growth chamber experiments. These inhibitions were partially circumvented by simultaneous treatment with OTC (L-2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid). Tridiphane, atrazine [6-chloro-N-ethyl-N′-(1-methylethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine], and OTC each increased levels of low molecular weight thiols (glutathione) in intact roots of treated corn seedlings, but only OTC did in excised roots. Tridiphane and atrazine caused a decrease in thiol content of excised roots. Tridiphane treatments reduced the amount of glutathioneS-transferase activity extractable from corn roots, and this reduction was circumvented partially by OTC applied in combination with tridiphane. These data present evidence that tridiphane interference with cysteine or glutathione metabolism can be reversed by increasing cellular content of cysteine.

Thioproline Protection of Crops Against Herbicide Toxicity

1988 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L. Hilton ◽  
Parthasarathy Pillai
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Seedling Roots ◽  
Thiol Content ◽  
Herbicide Toxicity

Thioproline (L-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid) partially protects sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench. ‘DK 42Y’] seedlings against the herbicides tridiphane [2-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-2-(2,2,2-trichloroethyl)oxirane] and alachlor [2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-N-(methoxymethyl)acetamide] in controlled environment chambers. Thioproline alone inhibits plant growth at concentrations above 10−5M. Its phytotoxicity is intermediate between the two herbicide antidotes OTC (L-2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid) and flurazole [phenylmethyl 2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-5-thiazolecarboxylate]. The two thiazolidine antidotes increased thiol content of excised corn (Zea maysL. ‘DK T 1100’) seedling roots whereas thiol content was decreased by the two herbicides. While thioproline or OTC partially offset tridiphane-induced decreases in thiol content, none of the antidotes effectively circumvented the reduced thiol content resulting from alachlor treatment.

Azoverdin -an Isopyoverdin

1996 ◽  
Vol 51 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 772-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Michalke ◽  
K Taraz ◽  
H Budzikiewiez
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Peptide Chain ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Carboxyl Group ◽  
Amino Group ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
N Terminus

For azoverdin, the siderophore of Azomonas macrocytogenes ATCC 12334, a pyoverdintype structure has been suggested. We now present evidence that it is actually an isopyoverdin. Also the sequence of the peptide chain has to be revised. Azoverdin comprises, therefore, the chromophore (3S)-5-amino-1,2-dihydro-8,9-dihydroxy-3H -pyrimido[1,2a]quinoline- 3-carboxylic acid whose amino group is bound to a succinamide residue while the carboxyl group is attached to the N -terminus of L-Hse-[2-(R-1-amino-3-hydroxypropyl)-3,4,5,6- tetrahydropyrimidine-65-carboxylic acid]-N5-acetyl-N5,-hydroxy-ᴅ-Orn-ᴅ-Ser-N5-acetyl-N5- hydroxy-ʟ-Orn. In addition to azoverdin congeners with succinic acid (azoverdin A ) and with ʟ-Glu (azoverdin G ), resp., instead of the succinamide side chain could be isolated.

scholarly journals The Methyltetrahydro-β-Carbolines in Maca (Lepidium meyenii)

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo F. Gonzales ◽  
Cynthia Gonzales-Castañeda
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Drug Action ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Lepidium Meyenii ◽  
The Family

Maca, a plant native to the Peruvian highlands, contains (1R,3S)-1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid (MTCA). The family of the tetrahydro-β-carbolines has been associated with both biologically helpful and harmful compounds. We present evidence that MTCA is a natural constituent of Maca, and on consumption no toxicity is found. This suggests that, when consumed as multi-component, MTCA may loose its adversity as drug action.

scholarly journals Targeting Glutathione Metabolism: Partner in Crime in Anticancer Therapy

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Desideri ◽  
Fabio Ciccarone ◽  
Maria Rosa Ciriolo
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
State Level ◽  
Anticancer Therapy ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Glutathione Metabolism ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Steady State Level ◽  
Synthetic Lethal ◽  
Synthetic Lethal Interactions

Glutathione (GSH) is the predominant low-molecular-weight antioxidant with a ubiquitous distribution inside the cell. The steady-state level of cellular GSH is dependent on the balance between synthesis, hydrolysis, recycling of glutathione disulphide (GSSG) as well as cellular extrusion of reduced, oxidized, or conjugated-forms. The augmented oxidative stress typical of cancer cells is accompanied by an increase of glutathione levels that confers them growth advantage and resistance to a number of chemotherapeutic agents. Targeting glutathione metabolism has been widely investigated for cancer treatment although GSH depletion as single therapeutic strategy has resulted largely ineffective if compared with combinatorial approaches. In this review, we circumstantiate the role of glutathione in tumour development and progression focusing on how interfering with different steps of glutathione metabolism can be exploited for therapeutic purposes. A dedicated section on synthetic lethal interactions with GSH modulators will highlight the promising option of harnessing glutathione metabolism for patient-directed therapy in cancer.

An inhibitor of cell cohesion from axenically grown cells of the slime mould, Dictyostelium discoideum

1977 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-116
Author(s):  
A.P. Swan ◽  
D.R. Garrod ◽  
D. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Stationary Phase Culture ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Slime Mould ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Phase Culture ◽  
Weight Substance ◽  
Millipore Filters

Medium from a stationary phase culture of axenically grown D. discoideum cells contains an inhibitor of cohesion of log phase cells. The inhibitor is a heat-stable, low molecular weight substance. Its biological effects include inhibition of cohesion of aggregation-competent cells, of cells of other slime mould species, the blocking of development on Millipore filters and a reduction in adhesiveness of slime mould cells to glass. Present evidence suggests that the inhibitor may bind to the cell surface.

Synthesis and Acylation of 4-Chloroalkyl-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)- ones

2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 921-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maksim A. Kolosov ◽  
Olesia G. Kulyk ◽  
Muataz Al-Ogaili ◽  
Valeriy D. Orlov
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Acid Anhydrides ◽  
Acyl Derivatives

4-Chloroalkyl-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones are useful multifunctional 3,4-dihydropyrimidine building blocks with low molecular weight and sufficient solubility, which may be modified selectively by substituents in different positions. Here we propose a simple one-pot protocol for the synthesis of these compounds, which is based on the use of common reagents viz. urea, chloroaliphatic aldehydes and 3-ketoesters. Acylation of 4-chloroalkyl-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones by carboxylic acid anhydrides leads to 3-acyl derivatives

Preparation and properties of fluorinated carboxylic acid/silica nanocomposite-encapsulated low molecular weight compounds

2013 ◽  
Vol 292 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eisaku Sumino ◽  
Shougo Ise ◽  
Tomoya Saito ◽  
Masakazu Nishida ◽  
Tsuyoshi Noguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Compounds ◽  
Silica Nanocomposite

Characterization of Low-Molecular-Weight Antiyeast Metabolites Produced by a Food-Protective Lactobacillus-Propionibacterium Coculture

2008 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 2481-2487 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUSANNE MIESCHER SCHWENNINGER ◽  
CHRISTOPHE LACROIX ◽  
STEFAN TRUTTMANN ◽  
CHRISTOPH JANS ◽  
CÄCILIA SPÖRNDLI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Immobilized Cells ◽  
Proteinase K ◽  
Partial Purification ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Phenyllactic Acid ◽  
High Mics

We developed a pH-controlled batch fermentation process with separately immobilized cells of the protective coculture of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei SM20 and Propionibacterium jensenii SM11 in supplemented whey permeate medium yielding cell-free supernatants with high antiyeast activity against Candida pulcherrima and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. The antiyeast compounds were resistant to proteinase K and pronase E treatments and showed high heat resistance (121°C for 15 min). Diafiltration (1,000-Da cutoff) revealed that the inhibitory metabolites have low molecular weights. Partial purification of active compounds was achieved by a microplate bioassay controlled procedure with solid-phase extraction (C18) followed by (i) gel filtration chromatography or (ii) semipreparative reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (C18). In addition to propionic, acetic, and lactic acids, 2-pyrrolidone-5-carboxylic acid, 3-phenyllactic acid, hydroxyphenyllactic acid, and succinic acid were identified by chromatography and mass spectrometry. Accurate quantifications revealed only low concentrations (up to 7 mM) of 2-pyrrolidone-5-carboxylic acid, 3-phenyllactic acid, and hydroxyphenyllactic acid produced during fermentation in contrast to relatively high MICs (50 to more than 500 mM) determined at different pH values (4.0, 5.0, and 6.0). Succinic acid was present at higher concentrations (29 mM) in cell-free supernatants but with comparable high MICs (200 to more than 500 mM and pH 4.0, 5.0, and 6.0). Although none of these compounds was the main substance responsible per se for suppression of yeast growth, our study revealed a complex antiyeast mechanism with putative synergistic effects between several low-molecular-weight compounds.

scholarly journals Purification and characterization of a low molecular weight xylanase from solid-state cultures of Aspergillus fumigatus Fresenius

1999 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Henrique Cerri e Silva ◽  
Jurgen Puls ◽  
Marcelo Valle de Sousa ◽  
Edivaldo Ximenes Ferreira Filho
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Transferase Activity ◽  
Purification And Characterization ◽  
Apparent Homogeneity ◽  
Sds Page

A xylan-degrading enzyme (xylanase II) was purified to apparent homogeneity from solid-state cultures of Aspergillus fumigatus Fresenius. The molecular weight of xylanase II was found to be 19 and 8.5 kDa, as estimated by SDS-PAGE and gel filtration on FPLC, respectively. The purified enzyme was most active at 55 °C and pH 5.5. It was specific to xylan. The apparent Km and Vmax values on soluble and insoluble xylans from oat spelt and birchwood showed that xylanase II was most active on soluble birchwood xylan. Studies on hydrolysis products of various xylans and xylooligomers by xylanase II on HPLC showed that the enzyme released a range of products from xylobiose to xylohexaose, with a small amount of xylose from xylooligomers, and presented transferase activity.

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