Field Evaluation of a Bioeconomic Model for Weed Management in Corn (Zea mays)

Weed Science ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 915-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas D. Buhler ◽  
Robert P. King ◽  
Scott M. Swinton ◽  
Jeffery L. Gunsolus ◽  
Frank Forcella
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Bioeconomic Model ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Economic Return ◽  
Soybean Yield ◽  
Herbicide Treatment

A bioeconomic weed management model was tested as a decision aid for weed control in corn at Rosemount, MN, from 1991 to 1994. The model makes recommendations for preemergence control tactics based on the weed seed content of the soil and postemergence decisions based on weed seedling densities. Weed control, corn yield, herbicide active ingredient applied, and economic return with model-generated treatments were compared to standard herbicide and mechanical control treatments. Effects of these treatments on weed populations and soybean yield the following year were also determined. In most cases, the model-generated treatments controlled weeds as well as the standard herbicide treatment. The quantity of herbicide active ingredient applied decreased 27% with the seed bank model and 68% with the seedling model relative to the standard herbicide treatment. However, the frequency of herbicide application was not reduced. In 1 yr, seed bank model treatments did not control weeds as well as the standard herbicide or seedling model treatments. Corn yields reflected differences in weed control. Net economic return to weed control was not increased by using model-generated control recommendations. Weed control treatments the previous year affected weed density in the following soybean crop. In 2 of 3 yr, these differences did not after weed control or soybean yield. Although tactics differed, the bioeconomic model generally resulted in weed control and corn yield similar to the standard herbicide. The model was responsive to differing weed populations, but did not greatly after economic returns under the weed species and densities in this research.

Field evaluation of a bioeconomic model for weed management in soybean (Glycine max)

Weed Science ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas D. Buhler ◽  
Robert P. King ◽  
Scott M. Swinton ◽  
Jeffery L. Gunsolus ◽  
Frank Forcella
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Bioeconomic Model ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Economic Return ◽  
Soybean Yield ◽  
Herbicide Treatment

A bioeconomic model was tested as a decision aid for weed control in soybean at Rosemount, MN, from 1991 to 1994. The model makes recommendations for preplant incorporated and preemergence control tactics based on the weed seed content of the soil and postemergence decisions based on weed seedling densities. Weed control, soybean yield, herbicide use, and economic return with model-generated treatments were compared to standard herbicide and mechanical control systems. Effects of these treatments on weed populations and corn yield the following year were also determined. In most cases, the model-generated treatments controlled weeds as well as a standard herbicide treatment. Averaged over the 3 yr, the quantity of herbicide active ingredient applied was decreased by 47% with the seedbank model and 93% with the seedling model compared with a standard soil-applied herbicide treatment. However, the frequency of herbicide application was not reduced. Soybean yields reflected differences in weed control and crop injury. Net economic return to weed control was increased 50% of the time using model-recommended treatments compared with a standard herbicide treatment. Weed control treatments the previous year affected weed density in the following corn crop but had little effect on weed control or corn yield. The bioeconomic model was responsive to differing weed populations, maintained weed control and soybean yield and often increased economic returns under the weed species and densities in this research.

scholarly journals A Multy-Year Study Reveals the Importance of Residual Herbicides on Weed Control in Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.L. NUNES ◽  
J. LORENSET ◽  
J.E. GUBIANI ◽  
F.M. SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Soybean Cultivar ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Soybean Yield ◽  
Herbicide Treatments

ABSTRACT: A 3-year field study was conducted to assess the potential for using pre-emergent (PRE) herbicides tank mixed with glyphosate as a means of controlling weed species in soybean. In 2011/12, 2012/13 and 2013/14 growing sessions soybean cultivar Brasmax Apollo RR was planted under residues of rye. The herbicide treatments glyphosate (gly) (1,296 g a.i. ha-1), gly + S-metolachlor (1,296 + 1,920), gly + imazaquin (1,296 +161), gly + pendimethalin (1,296 + 1,000), gly + metribuzin (1,296 + 480), gly + 2.4-D amine (1,296 + 1,209) was applied in pre-emergence (PRE) over rye crop residues two days before soybean sowing. In addition, full season weed-free and weedy control plots were included. Gly + S-metolachlor and gly + pendimethalin reduced the horseweed density from 48 to 3 and 6 plants m-2, respectively. The mix containing gly + metribuzin and gly + 2.4-D amine and gly applied alone had no effect in the horseweed control. The mix containing gly + metribuzin, gly + 2.4-D amine, gly + imazaquin and gly applied alone had no effect in the crabgrass control. In contrast gly + S-metolachlor and gly + pendimethalin reduced the crabgrass density from 70 to 0 and 1 plant m-2, respectively. The soybean yield was higher with weed-free, S-metolachlor and metribuzin treatments. The use of an herbicide with residual effect had impact on weed management and soybean yield. In conclusion, a greater control of horseweed and crabgrass occurred when S-metolachlor or pendimethalin was applied PRE.

Herbicide reduction in metribuzin-based weed control programs in corn

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 927-933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan S. Hamill ◽  
Jianhua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Economic Return ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Field Corn ◽  
Herbicide Programs

The relative effectiveness of 13 metribuzin-based weed control programs in field corn was investigated in a 3-yr study. Reduction in herbicide rates was made by modifying some commonly used metribuzin-based herbicide programs for weed control in corn. Satisfactory weed control, corn yield and economic return were obtained under each herbicide treatment, suggesting that reduction in herbicide use to reduce environmental hazard and enhance the economical benefit is achievable. Among the various herbicide programs, banded herbicide application at reduced rates plus one cultivation was observed to be the most economic weed management practice. Herbicides applied early (2–3 leaves) showed better results than those applied later (6–7 leaves) in the development stage of corn, although both times of application are within the critical period of weed control for corn. Key words: Corn (Zea mays), economic return, herbicides, weed control

Population Dynamics of Broadleaf Weeds in Turfgrass as Influenced by Chemical and Biological Control Methods

Weed Science ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed H. Abu-Dieyeh ◽  
Alan K. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Early Autumn ◽  
Herbicide Treatment ◽  
Broadleaf Species

A 3-yr field study was conducted to determine the effect of a biological control agent,Sclerotinia minorJagger, and a common herbicide, Killex, on the population dynamics of dandelion and other broadleaf species and on the dandelion seed bank. Treatments were applied as one spring, one early autumn, or a spring plus an early autumn treatment per year. The response of the dandelion population to a spring herbicide treatment was similar to two applications per year (spring and early autumn). Significantly less dandelion control occurred after the first early autumn application of the herbicide. Two weeks after application, spring or early autumn treatments withS. minorwere equally effective in suppressing dandelions. In the second year of the two applications per year ofS. minortreatment, weed control was equivalent to the herbicide. By the third year of the one spring application ofS. minor, weed control was equivalent to the herbicide. Generally over the study period, the early autumn application ofS. minorwas less effective than the spring or the spring and early autumn applications. TheS. minortreatments significantly reduced the dandelion seed bank, and this effect was not significantly different from the Killex herbicide treatment. The rate, frequency, and seasonal timing of application had no effect on the dandelion seed-bank size, but terminating the application would gradually replenish the seed bank. Populations of white clover, broadleaf plantain, birdsfoot trefoil, and common ragweed were similarly suppressed by either theS. minoror the herbicide treatments. Yellow woodsorrel significantly increased after 1 yr of herbicide treatment compared with theS. minorand untreated control treatments, indicating a possible weed species shift. Turf quality was improved because of the herbicide andS. minortreatments, but grass injury and smooth crabgrass invasion were recorded in 17% of herbicide-treated plots.

Sensitivity of weed emergence and dynamics to life-traits of annual spring-emerging weeds in contrasting cropping systems, using weed beet (Beta vulgarisssp.vulgaris) as an example

2011 ◽  
Vol 149 (6) ◽  
pp. 679-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. COLBACH ◽  
B. CHAUVEL ◽  
H. DARMENCY ◽  
Y. TRICAULT
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Life Traits ◽  
Weed Flora ◽  
Management Advice ◽  
Weed Emergence

SUMMARYCropping systems contain a diverse multi-species weed flora including several species that cross-breed with and/or descend from crops, including weed beet (Beta vulgarisssp.vulgaris). The effects of cropping systems on this weed flora are complex because of their large range of variation and their numerous interactions with climate and soil conditions. In order to study and quantify the long-term effects of cropping system components (crop succession and cultural techniques) on weed population dynamics, a biophysical process-based model called GENESYS-Beet has previously been developed for weed beet. In the present paper, the model was modified to remove the crop–weed connection and employed to identify and rank the weed life-traits as a function of their effect on weed emergence timing and density as well as on weed densities at plant, adult and seed bank stages, using a global sensitivity analysis to model parameters. A similar method has already been used with the complete GENESYS-Beet model (i.e. including the crop–weed connection) based on Monte Carlo simulations with simultaneous randomization of all life-trait parameters and run in three cropping systems differing in their risk of infestation by weed beet. Simulated weed emergence timing and density, as well as surviving plant, adult and seed bank densities, were then analysed with regression models as a function of model parameters to rank life-cycle processes and related life-traits and quantify their effects. The comparison of the present, crop-independent results to those of the previous, crop-dependent study showed that the crop-relative weed beet can be considered as a typical crop-independent spring weed as long as no traits conferring a selective advantage are inherited and in rotations where crops favouring weed emergence and reproduction are frequent. In such rotations, advice for controlling the crop-relative and the crop-independent weed is more or less identical. The rarer these favourable crops, the more important pre-emergence processes become for the crop-independent weed; management advice should thus focus more on seed bank survival and seedling emergence. For the crop-relative, post-emergence processes become dominant because of the increasing necessity for a new population founding event; management advice should mostly concern the avoidance of crop bolters. In both studies, the key parameters were more or less the same, i.e. those determining the timing and success of growth, development, seed maturation and the physiological end of seed production. Timing parameters were usually more important than success parameters, showing for instance that optimal timing of weed management operations is often more important than its exact efficacy. Comparison with previous sensitivity analyses carried out for autumn-emerging weed species showed that some of the present conclusions are probably specific to spring-emerging weed species only. For autumn-emerging species, pre-emergence traits would be more important. In the rotations with frequent favourable crops and insufficient weed control, interactions between traits were small, indicating that diverse populations and species with contrasting traits could prosper, potentially leading to a diverse multi-species weed flora. Conversely, when favourable crops were rare and weed control optimal, traits had little impact individually, indicating that a small number of optimal combinations of traits would be successful, thus limiting both intra- and inter-specific variability.

Compatibility and Efficiency of In-Row Cultivation for Weed Management in Corn (Zea mays)

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 754-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Vangessel ◽  
Edward E. Schweizer ◽  
Donald W. Lybecker ◽  
Phil Westra
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Bioeconomic Model ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Annual Weeds ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Management Tactics

Information on the effects of multiple weed management tactics in corn is needed to develop integrated weed management systems. The effectiveness and compatibility of an in-row cultivator as compared to a standard interrow cultivator used with reduced rates of a soil-applied herbicide, rotary hoeing, and/or a bioeconomic model for POST herbicide selection was examined. Weed control with a single rotary hoeing at corn emergence controlled annual weeds similarly to two rotary hoeings. One-third recommended use rate of alachlor controlled weeds similarly to a two-thirds rate. Reduced rates of alachlor controlled more weeds than rotary hoeing over 2 yr. The in-row cultivator required early-season weed control (rotary hoeing or reduced alachlor rate) for optimum efficacy. The in-row cultivator provided better weed control than the standard cultivator while the cost of operating the two cultivators was similar. Thus, the in-row cultivator was more efficient than the standard cultivator. Furthermore, less intensive early-season weed control was required with the in-row cultivator for maximum weed control as compared to the standard cultivator. Rotary hoeing plus the in-row cultivator provided similar weed control to other weed management tactics that required both soil-applied and POST herbicides. Gross margin was influenced more by corn yield than cost of weed management tactics.

Weed Management Programs with Pyroxasulfone in Field Corn (Zea mays)

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 496-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel O. Stephenson ◽  
Jason A. Bond ◽  
James L. Griffin ◽  
Randall L. Landry ◽  
Brandi C. Woolam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Palmer Amaranth ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Field Corn ◽  
Herbicide Treatment

Field experiments were conducted in Louisiana and Mississippi from 2011 through 2013 to evaluate crop injury, weed control, and yield in field corn following pyroxasulfone applied PRE and POST. Pyroxasulfone PRE or POST did not injure corn at any evaluation. Barnyardgrass control was not improved with the addition of any POST treatment to pyroxasulfone alone or atrazine plus pyroxasulfone PRE; however, all POST treatments increased barnyardgrass control to at least 95% at all evaluations following atrazine PRE. All treatments that contained a PRE followed by POST application controlled browntop millet ≥90% at all evaluations. All POST treatments increased ivyleaf morningglory control to ≥92% following atrazine or pyroxasulfone alone PRE. However, control with atrazine plus pyroxasulfone PRE was similar or greater 28 d after POST than all treatments that received a POST application. In the absence of a POST treatment, pyroxasulfone or atrazine plus pyroxasulfone PRE controlled Palmer amaranth 93 to 96% at all evaluations, but atrazine alone PRE provided 84, 82, and 66% control 7, 14, and 28 d after POST, respectively. All programs that contained a PRE followed by POST herbicide treatment controlled Palmer amaranth >90% at all evaluations. Corn yield following all treatments except atrazine alone PRE and the nontreated were similar and ranged from 10990 to 12330 kg ha−1. This research demonstrated that pyroxasulfone can be a valuable tool for weed management in a corn weed management program.

Significance of Atrazine as a Tank-Mix Partner with Tembotrione

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin M. Williams ◽  
Rick A. Boydston ◽  
R. Ed Peachey ◽  
Darren Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Regulatory Changes

Manufacturers of several POST corn herbicides recommend tank-mixing their herbicides with atrazine to improve performance; however, future regulatory changes may place greater restrictions on atrazine use and limit its availability to growers. Our research objectives were to quantify the effects of tank-mixing atrazine with tembotrione compared to tembotrione alone on (1) weed control, (2) variability in weed control, and (3) sweet corn yield components and yield variability. Field studies were conducted for 2 yr each in Illinois, Oregon, Washington, and Ontario, Canada. Tembotrione at 31 g ha−1 was applied alone and with atrazine at 370 g ha−1 POST at the four- to five-collar stage of corn. The predominant weed species observed in the experiment were common to corn production, including large crabgrass, wild-proso millet, common lambsquarters, and velvetleaf. For nearly every weed species and species group, the addition of atrazine improved tembotrione performance by increasing mean levels of weed control 3 to 45% at 2 wk after treatment. Adding atrazine reduced variation (i.e., standard deviation) in control of the weed community by 45%. Sweet corn ear number and ear mass were 9 and 13% higher, respectively, and less variable when atrazine was applied with tembotrione, compared to tembotrione alone. Additional restrictions or the complete loss of atrazine for use in corn will necessitate major changes in sweet corn weed management systems.

Interaction of Cultivar, Planting Pattern, and Weed Management Tactics in Peanut

Weed Science ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 442-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. T. Place ◽  
S. C. Reberg-Horton ◽  
D. L. Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Planting Pattern ◽  
Economic Return ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Pitted Morningglory ◽  
Herbicide Programs ◽  
Management Tactics

Planting peanut in narrow rows for weed control has not been investigated in recently released Virginia market peanut cultivars. Research was conducted in North Carolina from 2007 to 2009 to determine the effect of cultivar, planting pattern, and level of weed management inputs on weed control, peanut yield, and estimated economic return. Experiments consisted of three levels of weed management (clethodim applied POST, cultivation and hand-removal of weeds, and clethodim and appropriate broadleaf herbicides applied POST), three levels of planting pattern (single rows spaced 91 cm apart, standard twin rows spaced 20 cm apart on 91-cm centers, and narrow twin rows consisting of twin rows spaced 20 cm apart on 46-cm centers), and two Virginia cultivars (‘NC 12C’ and ‘VA 98R’). Weed management affected common lambsquarters, common ragweed, eclipta, nodding spurge, pitted morningglory, Texas millet, and yellow nutsedge control, irrespective of cultivar or planting pattern. Cultivar and planting pattern had only minor effects on weed control and interactions of these treatment factors seldom occurred. Weed control achieved with cultivation plus hand-removal was similar to weed management observed with grass and broadleaf herbicide programs. Pod yield did not differ among treatments when broadleaf weeds were the dominant species but did differ when Texas millet was the most prevalent weed. The highest yield with conventional herbicide weed management was in standard twin and narrow twin row planting patterns, although no differences among planting patterns were noted when cultivation and hand-removal were the primary weed management tactics. Differences in estimated economic return were associated with weed species, and interactions of treatment factors varied by year for that parameter.

Weed management options for conventional soybean

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 743-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly D. Belfry ◽  
Michael J. Cowbrough ◽  
François J. Tardif ◽  
Peter H. Sikkema
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Soybean Yield ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
Control Options

Various preemergence (PRE), PRE followed by postemergence (POST), and POST weed control options for conventional soybean were evaluated. More than 90% control of selected weed species were observed for most treatments. However, weed interference in plots treated with S-metolachlor + metribuzin or S-metolachlor + metribuzin + cloransulam-methyl resulted in reduced soybean yield.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document