Foreign live-in domestic workers as caretakers of older Kuwaiti men and women: socio-demographic and health correlates

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1008-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
NASRA SHAH ◽  
HANAN BADR ◽  
MAKHDOOM SHAH
Keyword(s):  
Family Member ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Domestic Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Domestic Worker ◽  
Age And Gender Differences ◽  
Demographic Correlates ◽  
And Gender

ABSTRACTAgeing of the population is posing new challenges for caretakers. This paper aims to examine: (a) age and gender differences in care provided by a domestic worker versus a family member in the performance of activities of daily living (ADL); (b) socio-demographic correlates of care during illness; and (c) self-reported physical, functional, and psychological health status in relation to care-giver. A cross-sectional household survey was conducted among 2,487 Kuwaiti nationals aged 50 years or older. This paper focuses on persons aged 70 or more. We found that domestic workers provided care to 28 per cent of men and 58 per cent of women who needed assistance with ADL; and to 14 per cent men and 51 per cent women during illness. These respondents ranked poorer on several health indicators and reported higher depressive symptoms score than those looked after by a family member. Logistic regression indicated that care by a domestic worker was approximately seven times more likely for women than men, about 10.8 times more likely for those without co-resident children compared with those who had three or more co-resident children, and 44 per cent less likely for the poorest compared with the richest persons. It appears that reliance on domestic workers is increasing and such reliance will remain necessary in the absence of culturally acceptable alternative institutional arrangements.

scholarly journals Exploring Age and Gender Differences in Narcissism and Perfectionism and Their Mental-Health Correlates

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-36
Author(s):  
Éva Kállay ◽  
Alexandra Rebeca Mihoc
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Age And Gender Differences ◽  
Environmental Mastery ◽  
And Gender

"The changes occurring in modern society can significantly influence individuals’ well-being, mental health and even personality traits such as narcissism and perfectionism. Since studies investigating age and gender differences in narcissism and perfectionism have produced mixed results, and the number of studies conducted in Romanian population is scarce, the main aims of this study were to investigate possible age and gender differences in narcissism, perfectionism and several mental-health indicators in a sample of healthy participants, as well as specific association patterns between these variables within each group of participants. Our sample included 465 millennials and 149 participants over 35 years of age. The results indicate that millennials reported significantly lower levels of narcissism and self-oriented perfectionism than the older generations, higher levels of depressive symptoms and lower levels of autonomy, environmental mastery, purpose in life, and self-acceptance. Female millennials reported lower levels of narcissistic traits and higher levels of socially-prescribed perfectionism, depressive symptoms, personal growth, and positive relations with others than male participants. Older females indicated significantly higher levels of depressive symptoms and loneliness than male participants. Regarding association patterns, in the group of millennial women narcissism was positively correlated with self-oriented, socially-prescribed perfectionism and subjective well-being, and negatively with loneliness, environmental mastery and purpose in life. In millennial males, we found significant positive correlations only between narcissism and subjective well-being and environmental mastery. Our findings may have important implications for the literature regarding millennials and can contribute to the interventions and prevention programs designed to improve their well-being. Keywords: millennials, narcissism, perfectionism, mental health indicators, age and gender differences "

scholarly journals Comparing Household Environmental Health Indicators between Oil-bearing and Non-oil-bearing Communities in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Omosivie Maduka ◽  
Benson C. Ephraim- Emmanuel
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Health ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Delta Region ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Niger Delta Region ◽  
Refuse Disposal ◽  
Multistage Sampling

Background: Household environmental health indicators have contributed to the quality of life of the populace in regions of the world where they have been made available. This study compared the indicators of household environmental health between oil-bearing and non-oil-bearing communities located in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Methods: An analytical, cross-sectional household survey was carried out among 601 households in six oil-bearing and non-oil-bearing selected communities located within the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Multistage sampling was employed, and an interviewer-administered questionnaire used to elicit data on the household environmental health indicators in the communities. The scores across the six indicator domains were summed and categorized into acceptable and unacceptable status.  Results: Water sources in both oil-bearing 230 (76.4%) and non-oil-bearing communities 177 (59.0%) were sanitary. Sanitary sewage 250 (83.1%) and sullage disposal 210 (69.8%) was practiced by most households in oil-bearing areas. The minority of respondents in both oil-bearing 26 (8.6%) and non-oil-bearing 41 (13.7%) communities practiced sanitary refuse disposal. Households in oil-bearing communities had twelve times greater odds of having a satisfactory environmental health status compared to households in non-oil-bearing communities (Adjusted O.R: 11.70, 95% C.I: 7.75-17.65). Conclusion: Households in oil-bearing communities fared better in all household environmental health indicators. There is a need to address the economic and social determinants of health among households in the Niger Delta to improve household environmental health indicators.

scholarly journals Cross-Temporal and Cross-National Poverty and Mortality Rates among Developed Countries

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Fritzell ◽  
Olli Kangas ◽  
Jennie Bacchus Hertzman ◽  
Jenni Blomgren ◽  
Heikki Hiilamo
Keyword(s):  
Population Health ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Welfare Regimes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Relative Poverty ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

A prime objective of welfare state activities is to take action to enhance population health and to decrease mortality risks. For several centuries, poverty has been seen as a key social risk factor in these respects. Consequently, the fight against poverty has historically been at the forefront of public health and social policy. The relationship between relative poverty rates and population health indicators is less self-evident, notwithstanding the obvious similarity to the debated topic of the relationship between population health and income inequality. In this study we undertake a comparative analysis of the relationship between relative poverty and mortality across 26 countries over time, with pooled cross-sectional time series analysis. We utilize data from the Luxembourg Income Study to construct age-specific poverty rates across countries and time covering the period from around 1980 to 2005, merged with data on age- and gender-specific mortality data from the Human Mortality Database. Our results suggest not only an impact of relative poverty but also clear differences by welfare regime that partly goes beyond the well-known differences in poverty rates between welfare regimes.

scholarly journals Causal Relations of Factors Representing the Elderly Independence in Doing Activities of Daily Livings Using S3C-Latent Algorithm

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christantie Effendy ◽  
Nurhaeka Tou ◽  
Ridho Rahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Nutrition And Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
A Value ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Relationship Of

The growth of the elderly population in Indonesia from year to year has always increased, followed by the problem of decreasing physical strength and psychological health of the elderly. These problems can affect the increase in dependence and decrease the independence of the elderly in ADL. In previous studies, various factors affect independence in ADLs such as cognitive, psychological, economic, nutrition, and health. However, In general, these studies only focus on predictive analysis or correlation of variables, and no research has attempted to identify the casual relationship of the elderly independence factors. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the mechanism of the causal relationship of the factors that influence the independence of the elderly in ADLs using a casual method called the Stable Specification Search for Cross-Sectional Data With Latent Variables (S3C-Latent). In this research we found strong causal and associative relationships between factors.The causal relationship of elderly independence in ADLs was influenced by cognitive, psychological, nutritional and health factors and gender with α values respectively (0.61; 0.61;1.00, 0.65;0.70). Cognitive factors associated with psychological, economic, nutrition, and health with a value of α (0.77; 1.00; 1.00; 0.64). Furthermore, psychological factors associated with economy, nutrition, and health with a value of α (0.77; 0.95; 0.63). Bisides, economic factors are associated with nutrition and health with α values of ( 0.86; 0.75) and nutrition with health with α values of 0.64. The last association was found between nutritional factors and gender with a value of α 0.76. This research is expected to increase the independence of the elderly in carrying out daily activities.

Alexithymia and anxiety symptoms in Pakistani adolescents: a study of compounded directions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Sadia jafer ◽  
Farzana Ashraf ◽  
Amna Arif ◽  
Admin
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Effect Of Age

Abstract     Objectives: There is an empirical evidence that symptoms of internalizing disorders such as alexithymia and anxiety increase in adolescence and these symptoms varies across gender and age groups. The purpose of this study was to explore these differences in adolescents. Method: In this cross-sectional study conducted since November 2018 to March 2019, the sample of 185 adolescents selected through random sampling method from different schools. They were assessed on alexithymia and anxiety symptoms by administering Toronto Alexithymia Scale and Hamilton Anxiety Scale respectively. Multiple Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was applied to determine the direct and interactive effect of age groups and gender on alexithymia and anxiety symptoms. Results: The results demonstrate that boys reported significantly (p<0.05) higher level of alexithymia symptoms partially (externally oriented) as compared to their counterparts. Further significant (p<0.05) interactive effect of age group and gender was also seen. Conclusion: The present study concluded that the presence of clinical symptoms in school going adolescents may hinder in the physical and psychological health of adolescents, which should be managed through suitable interventions. Keywords: Alexithymia symptoms, Anxiety symptoms, Continuous...

scholarly journals Altitude and its inverse association with abdominal obesity in an Andean country: a cross-sectional study

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1738
Author(s):  
Jaime Pajuelo-Ramírez ◽  
Harold Torres-Aparcana ◽  
Rosa Agüero-Zamora ◽  
Antonio M. Quispe
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Younger Men ◽  
Andean Countries ◽  
National Household Survey ◽  
And Gender

Background: Abdominal obesity represents an accurate predictor of overall morbidity and mortality, which is worrisome because it is also continuously increasing across Andean countries. However, its relationship with altitude remains unclear. The objective of this study was to assess the association between altitude and abdominal obesity in Peru, and how sociodemographic variables impact this association. Methods: We estimated the prevalence of abdominal obesity in Peru and analyzed its association with altitude using the data from the 2012-2013 National Household Survey (ENAHO). During this survey, a representative sample of Peruvians was screened for abdominal obesity, using waist circumference as a proxy, and the Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines cutoffs. Results: Data were analyzed from a sample of 20,489 Peruvians (51% male). The prevalence of abdominal obesity was estimated at 33.6% (95% CI: 32.5 to 34.6%). In Peru, altitude was significantly and inversely associated with abdominal obesity, decreasing with higher altitudes: 1500-2999 meters above mean sea level (MAMSL) vs <1500 MAMSL, adjusted prevalence rate [aPR]= 0.86 (95% CI: 0.75 to 0.97); ≥3000 MAMSL vs <1500 MAMSL, aPR= 0.98 (95% CI: 0.87 to 1.11), when adjusting by age, gender and residence area (rural/urban). However, this association was significantly modified by age and gender (p< 0.001). Conclusion: Abdominal obesity is highly prevalent in Peru and decreases significantly with altitude, but age and gender modify this association. Thus, abdominal obesity appears to affect older women from low altitudes more than younger men from high altitudes.

scholarly journals Stress Resistance of Persons of Hazardous Occupations in Conditions of Local Armed Conflict

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
D.S. Parkhomchuk ◽  
◽  
A.A. Vostrikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
Psychological Service ◽  
Psychological Indicators ◽  
Age And Gender Differences ◽  
Stability Method ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Psychological Features

The purpose of the study is to study professionally significant psychological features of persons of hazardous occupations (OP) in the conditions of an incomplete local armed conflict (LVK), to identify maladaptation states and to develop recommendations for improving the work of the medical and psychological service. Materials and methods of research. The study was conducted by specialists of the laboratory of Psychophysiological Support (PFO) on the basis of the Luhansk Republican Center for Emergency Medical Care and Disaster Medicine. The object of the study – 590 respondents representatives of OP (470 - men, 120 - women) aged 20 to 60 years. All respondents have been working under the conditions of incomplete LVK since 2014 to the present. To study neuropsychiatric stability and anxiety, the "Level of Neuropsychiatric Stability" method and the Spielberger-Hanin method were used. To identify significant differences in the psychological characteristics of persons of hazardous occupations, the Student's t-test was used. The results of the study and their analysis. Professionally significant psychological features of persons of hazardous occupations working in the conditions of incomplete LVK are analyzed. A comparative analysis of the obtained data is carried out, taking into account the biological age and gender differences. The results of the study can be used in further study of the psychological indicators of respondents working in the conditions of LVK, and for the development of programs aimed at maintaining, correcting and forming the psychological health of the participants of LVK who are in high-risk conditions.

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