scholarly journals Stress Resistance of Persons of Hazardous Occupations in Conditions of Local Armed Conflict

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
D.S. Parkhomchuk ◽  
◽  
A.A. Vostrikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
Psychological Service ◽  
Psychological Indicators ◽  
Age And Gender Differences ◽  
Stability Method ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Psychological Features

The purpose of the study is to study professionally significant psychological features of persons of hazardous occupations (OP) in the conditions of an incomplete local armed conflict (LVK), to identify maladaptation states and to develop recommendations for improving the work of the medical and psychological service. Materials and methods of research. The study was conducted by specialists of the laboratory of Psychophysiological Support (PFO) on the basis of the Luhansk Republican Center for Emergency Medical Care and Disaster Medicine. The object of the study – 590 respondents representatives of OP (470 - men, 120 - women) aged 20 to 60 years. All respondents have been working under the conditions of incomplete LVK since 2014 to the present. To study neuropsychiatric stability and anxiety, the "Level of Neuropsychiatric Stability" method and the Spielberger-Hanin method were used. To identify significant differences in the psychological characteristics of persons of hazardous occupations, the Student's t-test was used. The results of the study and their analysis. Professionally significant psychological features of persons of hazardous occupations working in the conditions of incomplete LVK are analyzed. A comparative analysis of the obtained data is carried out, taking into account the biological age and gender differences. The results of the study can be used in further study of the psychological indicators of respondents working in the conditions of LVK, and for the development of programs aimed at maintaining, correcting and forming the psychological health of the participants of LVK who are in high-risk conditions.

Stress Management and Resilience as a Psychological Resource in Case of Gelotophobia in the Context of Students’ Psychological Health

2021 ◽  
pp. 146-164
Author(s):  
E.O. Zyatkova ◽  
◽  
I.Y. Stoyanova ◽  
K.G. Yazykov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Management ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
High Level ◽  
Internal Balance ◽  
Negative Factors ◽  
The Relationship

In the article the manifestation of gelotophobia (fear of being laughed at) in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd-year students aged 17–22 years is described. The aim of the present study was to in-vestigate the manifestation of the fear of being laughed at and its influence on the components of students’ psychological health as a factor of predisposition to mental health disorders. According to this aim, three tasks were set. The first task was to identify the differences in gelotophobia depending on the duration of education and gender. The second task was to establish a link between personality traits and the level of gelotophobia. The third task was to observe the relationship between components of psychological health (resilience, stress management) and the level of gelotophobia. To identify the level of fear of being laughed at in a sample of students, we set the scales of the "GELOPH-15" questionnaire and specified them as low, moderate and high gelotophobia scores. Then, using the frequency analysis of students’ answers to this questionnaire, we found out that most responses indicated a moderate level of gelotophobia (71%), only 16% of answers indicate a low level, and 10% of answers present a high level of fear of being laughed at. Also 3% of students did not answer this ques-tionnaire. The results of this study demonstrated that gelotophobia is more typical for female than for male students. The data also showed that the manifestation of gelotophobia didn’t correlate to the duration of education. A comparative analysis using the Student's t-test in the female and male subgroups identified that young women in socially significant cases could hardly tolerate negative situations. Young men, on the other hand, were able to cope with stressful situations if they had internal balance. Using the Spearman rank test, a correlation analysis was performed between the scales of the characterological questionnaire and the level of gelotophobia. A relationship with the total score of gelotophobia, as well as with the average and low score of gelotophobia was found. No correlation with a high score of gelotophobia was found. The analysis of the results obtained showed that resilience and its components (involvement, control and risk acceptance) helps to reduce stress and the influ-ence of negative factors that cause fear in socially significant situations. The results corre-spond to the above stated aims and tasks. Further work in this direction will make it possible to develop a program of psychological support for students.

Foreign live-in domestic workers as caretakers of older Kuwaiti men and women: socio-demographic and health correlates

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1008-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
NASRA SHAH ◽  
HANAN BADR ◽  
MAKHDOOM SHAH
Keyword(s):  
Family Member ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Domestic Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Domestic Worker ◽  
Age And Gender Differences ◽  
Demographic Correlates ◽  
And Gender

ABSTRACTAgeing of the population is posing new challenges for caretakers. This paper aims to examine: (a) age and gender differences in care provided by a domestic worker versus a family member in the performance of activities of daily living (ADL); (b) socio-demographic correlates of care during illness; and (c) self-reported physical, functional, and psychological health status in relation to care-giver. A cross-sectional household survey was conducted among 2,487 Kuwaiti nationals aged 50 years or older. This paper focuses on persons aged 70 or more. We found that domestic workers provided care to 28 per cent of men and 58 per cent of women who needed assistance with ADL; and to 14 per cent men and 51 per cent women during illness. These respondents ranked poorer on several health indicators and reported higher depressive symptoms score than those looked after by a family member. Logistic regression indicated that care by a domestic worker was approximately seven times more likely for women than men, about 10.8 times more likely for those without co-resident children compared with those who had three or more co-resident children, and 44 per cent less likely for the poorest compared with the richest persons. It appears that reliance on domestic workers is increasing and such reliance will remain necessary in the absence of culturally acceptable alternative institutional arrangements.

scholarly journals Study of psychological features of anxiety in adolescents and youth in school and university

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 19027
Author(s):  
Victoria Kolyagina ◽  
Konstantin Yadrov ◽  
Slavitsa Golubovich ◽  
Anastasia Chebryakova ◽  
Serafima Mityanets
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Psychological Science ◽  
School Anxiety ◽  
Modern Psychology ◽  
Gender Characteristics ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups ◽  
Psychological Features

The actual topic of modern psychology is the psychological health of students and youth. In further socialization and adaptation in society, a major role is played by the absence of anxiety in the psychological characteristics of children. It is very important that the future generation enters adulthood without a neurotic history. Therefore, the study of the characteristics of the manifestation of anxiety at school and university, its types and specific manifestations is one of the main aspects of the study of modern psychological science. The purpose of the paper is to consider the characteristics of the manifestation of anxiety in students of the fifth, ninth grades and students of the last courses of university. Materials and methods. The paper analyzes the types of anxiety of schoolchildren and students, the features of its manifestation in various age and gender groups. The study was conducted using psychological tests to identify the dependence of the level of anxiety on gender, age and the influence of the external environment. The research data were processed using mathematical statistics. The results of the study. A study of the manifestation of anxiety features showed that the school anxiety decreases and interpersonal anxiety increases with age. The data indicate the specificity in the gender characteristics of the manifestation of anxiety. High indicators of anxiety show the need to create special conditions for the upbringing and education of children in educational institutions to prevent it and reduce the level of neuroticism in schoolchildren and students. Discussion and conclusions. The results of the study can be useful to teachers, psychologists, and teachers for understanding the psychological component of the development of schoolchildren and students, for their further successful psychological maturation.

scholarly journals Data on Orientation to Happiness in Higher Education Institutions from Mexico and El Salvador

Data ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Domingo Villavicencio-Aguilar ◽  
Edgardo René Chacón-Andrade ◽  
Maria Fernanda Durón-Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Student’S T

Happiness-oriented people are vital in every society; this is a construct formed by three different types of happiness: pleasure, meaning, and engagement, and it is considered as an indicator of mental health. This study aims to provide data on the levels of orientation to happiness in higher-education teachers and students. The present paper contains data about the perception of this positive aspect in two Latin American countries, Mexico and El Salvador. Structure instruments to measure the orientation to happiness were administrated to 397 teachers and 260 students. This data descriptor presents descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation), internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha), and differences (Student’s t-test) presented by country, population (teacher/student), and gender of their orientation to happiness and its three dimensions: meaning, pleasure, and engagement. Stepwise-multiple-regression-analysis results are also presented. Results indicated that participants from both countries reported medium–high levels of meaning and engagement happiness; teachers reported higher levels than those of students in these two dimensions. Happiness resulting from pleasure activities was the least reported in general. Males and females presented very similar levels of orientation to happiness. Only the population (teacher/student) showed a predictive relationship with orientation to happiness; however, the model explained a small portion of variance in this variable, which indicated that other factors are more critical when promoting orientation to happiness in higher-education institutions.

scholarly journals Exploring the role of gender and women in the political economy of health in armed conflict: a narrative review

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Meagher ◽  
Bothaina Attal ◽  
Preeti Patel
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Health Systems Strengthening ◽  
The Political ◽  
Systems Research ◽  
Political Economy Of Health ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Background The ripple effects of protracted armed conflicts include: significant gender-specific barriers to accessing essential services such as health, education, water and sanitation and broader macroeconomic challenges such as increased poverty rates, higher debt burdens, and deteriorating employment prospects. These factors influence the wider social and political determinants of health for women and a gendered analysis of the political economy of health in conflict may support strengthening health systems during conflict. This will in turn lead to equality and equity across not only health, but broader sectors and systems, that contribute to sustainable peace building. Methods The methodology employed is a multidisciplinary narrative review of the published and grey literature on women and gender in the political economy of health in conflict. Results The existing literature that contributes to the emerging area on the political economy of health in conflict has overlooked gender and specifically the role of women as a critical component. Gender analysis is incorporated into existing post-conflict health systems research, but this does not extend to countries actively affected by armed conflict and humanitarian crises. The analysis also tends to ignore the socially constructed patriarchal systems, power relations and gender norms that often lead to vastly different health system needs, experiences and health outcomes. Conclusions Detailed case studies on the gendered political economy of health in countries impacted by complex protracted conflict will support efforts to improve health equity and understanding of gender relations that support health systems strengthening.

scholarly journals Exploiting the Molecular Basis of Age and Gender Differences in Outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 Infections.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Mercatelli ◽  
Elisabetta Pedace ◽  
Pierangelo Veltri ◽  
Federico M. Giorgi ◽  
Pietro Hiram Guzzi
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Age And Gender Differences ◽  
And Gender
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