scholarly journals Impact of the statutory concessionary travel scheme on bus travel among older people: a natural experiment from England

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 2480-2494
Author(s):  
Elise Whitley ◽  
Peter Craig ◽  
Frank Popham
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Difference In Difference ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

AbstractIn the context of worldwide ageing, increasing numbers of older people are lonely, isolated and excluded, with serious implications for health, and cognitive and physical functioning. Access to good public transport can improve mobility and social participation among older adults, and policies that improve access and promote use, such as concessionary travel schemes, are potentially important in promoting healthy and successful ageing. Concessionary travel schemes for older people are in place in many countries but are under threat following the global financial crisis. Evidence regarding their success in encouraging activity and social participation is generally positive but based largely on qualitative or observational associations and, in particular, is often limited by the lack of appropriate comparison groups. We use changes in the English statutory scheme, in particular the rising eligibility age from 2010 onwards, as a natural experiment to explore its impact on older people's travel. A difference-in-difference-in-difference analysis of National Travel Surveys (2002–2016) compares three age groups differentially affected by eligibility criteria: 50–59 years (consistently ineligible), 60–64 years (decreasing eligibility from 2010) and 65–74 years (consistently eligible). Compared with 50–59-year-olds, bus travel by 60–74-year-olds increased year-on-year from 2002 to 2010 then fell following rises in eligibility age (annual change in weekly bus travel: −2.9 per cent (−4.1%, −1.7%) in 60–74- versus 50–59-year-olds). Results were consistent across gender, occupation and rurality. Our results indicate that access to, specifically, free travel increases bus use and access to services among older people, potentially improving mobility, social participation and health. However, the rising eligibility age in England has led to a reduction in bus travel in older people, including those not directly affected by the change, demonstrating that the positive impact of the concession goes beyond those who are eligible. Future work should explore the cost–benefit trade-off of this and similar schemes worldwide.

How the Global Financial Crisis and International Trade Affected Corporate Decisions?

2021 ◽  
pp. 137-157
Author(s):  
Hasan Tekin
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Institutional Setting ◽  
Financial Decisions ◽  
Corporate Decisions ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

This chapter, first, draws an overview of the theoretical and conceptual framework of corporate decisions in the global financial crisis (GFC) context. Then, it shows the connectedness of corporate finance and international trade. Finally, employing a rich dataset, this chapter assesses the impact of international trade as well as the GFC on corporate financial decisions, particularly cash holdings, debt financing, and dividend payouts over the period 2002-2016. The findings show that international trade significantly affects corporate decisions. Firms with higher trade countries have higher debt level but lower cash and dividends across the globe. During the GFC, the positive impact of trade on debt shifts to negative. Also, trade has a positive effect on both cash and debt in the aftermath of the GFC. Taken together, international trade as an institutional setting influences corporate decisions and its role on cash, debt, and dividend differ during and after the GFC.

EU infrastructure plan could reinforce ECB policy

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Euro Area ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Fund Raising ◽  
Investment Bank ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Growth Prospects ◽  
Commission President ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
European Investment

Subject Outlook for infrastructure spending. Significance European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker proposed a 315 billion euro (340 billion dollar) infrastructure initiative to revive the EU economy, expected to reinforce ongoing monetary policy efforts to boost growth. Fund raising is progressing through the European Investment Bank (EIB). The programme can benefit both short-term and long-term growth prospects, while its actual impact will depend on the projects implemented, as politically motivated choices can delay, distort and depress the benefits. This plan comes late, six years after the global financial crisis; one of its priorities is generating rapid results to boost the economic recovery. Impacts To have a net positive impact, any infrastructure proposal would have to avoid drawing funds away from existing investment plans. The plan could help reducing disparities between labour markets in different euro-area countries. Persistently high euro-area unemployment will need a domestic demand revival to boost sentiment, growth and job creation.

scholarly journals The Impact of Bailout on Financial Performance And Bank Risk-Taking During Financial Crisis: A Critical Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Dety Nurfadilah
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Bank Risk ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Impact

The focus on the bank bailout has been increased since the global financial crisis in 2008 in most countries. However, previous studies often discover the relationship between bailout and corporate governance. In this study, bank bailout literature will be reviewed with the focus on the impact of bailout on bank financial performance and bank risk-taking during the financial crisis. Multi-step strategy is used to collect the data from 2000 to 2016. From the 7 papers were chosen based on the criteria. This systematic review has shown that the bank bailout has a positive impact on financial performance, however, it has a negative impact on bank risk-taking for a longer period.

scholarly journals Determinants of Portuguese banks' profitability: an update

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Clara Pires ◽  
◽  
Maria Basílio ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
Return On Equity ◽  
Credit Quality ◽  
Structural Problems ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

In this study, we assess the main determinants of banks' profitability in Portugal over the period 2015–2018. We divide the factors that can influence bank profitability into several groups: management quality, credit quality, capital adequacy, liquidity (internal bank factors), and GDP growth (an external factor). The panel dataset is composed of annual report data for the 18 major banks operating in Portugal, representing about 98% of the Portuguese banking product. Profitability has been a persistent challenge for banks since the global financial crisis. Moreover, the Portuguese banking system had been facing several structural problems, which makes this topic particularly relevant. The profitability proxy used is the return on equity (ROE). The empirical strategy followed was pooled OLS. Variables relevant for explaining Portuguese banks' profitability are capital adequacy, liquidity and credit risk. As expected, the results show that capital adequacy (TIER 1) and credit quality (CVCT) have a negative and significant impact on banks' profitability, whereas liquidity (RAL) has a positive impact.

scholarly journals Dividend Announcements of Banking Sector in Gulf Area; Pre, During and Post the Recent Global Financial Crisis

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Bassam Jaara ◽  
Mahmoud Dalou
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Share Prices ◽  
Gcc Countries ◽  
Event Study Method ◽  
Dividend Announcements ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

This research aims to analyze the movement of dividend policy announcements impact on share prices, and the performance of all listed banks in Gulf area pre-during-post the financial crisis. This research has positioned and utilized event study method, and dividend pay-out ratio to evaluate the movements in share prices of two event windows for 65 banks (All listed banks) from 2005 to 2013. The main results for this research showed that there is a strong signaling effect since most of the windows show positive impact of dividend announcements on the CAARS. Likewise, there can be equally significant lifecycle impact since the large banks show different pay out pattern as compared with the small banks. Moreover, there has been steady dividend pay by banks at an average even in the crisis periods. In addition, a proportion of payers have increased as compared to the non-payers over years, which is related to both life cycle and competition theories. The last finding presents that banking sector in the GCC countries have not been affected like other emerging countries during the global financial crisis, because they supported by oil prices.

Factors Influencing the Margins of Islamic Banks

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1026-1036
Author(s):  
Nurhafiza Abdul Kader Malim ◽  
M.K. Normalini
Keyword(s):  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Liquidity Risk ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Conventional Banks ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

This article investigates the factors influencing the margins of Islamic banks in 15 countries for the period 2007–2013. The article also analyses the effect of the global financial crisis (2007–2009) on the Islamic banks’ margins. Despite the rapid growth of Islamic banking, the margins of Islamic banks remain higher than conventional banks. The margins reflect the costs of financial intermediation, as higher margins may discourage clients from using bank services. The findings reveal that the margins of Islamic banks are affected mainly by capital adequacy, overhead costs, liquidity risk, bank size and institutional development. Interestingly, the crisis has a positive impact on Islamic banks’ margins. These findings will be useful for the design of policies in narrowing the margins.

scholarly journals The Effects of the Cohesion Policy on the Sustainable Development of the Development Regions in Romania

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramona Pîrvu ◽  
Roxana Bădîrcea ◽  
Alina Manta ◽  
Mihaela Lupăncescu
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Cluster Structure ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Synthetic Index ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

The objective of this study was to characterize the development regions in Romania and to measure spatial imbalances, starting from the national and the European Union aspiration to promote more economic and social policies adapted to the different regional particularities. For this purpose, we conducted a multifactorial analysis of the sustainability of the development regions in Romania at NUTS II level by constructing a synthetic index of socio-economic development for the regions that appreciate sustainability and have accepted structural and cohesion funds. The multi-criteria synthetic index was obtained by aggregating several sub-indices (economy, health, education, public utilities, and living standards). We used cluster analysis to identify patterns of regional development in Romania over time. For 1998 and 2006, the same cluster structure was obtained. However, due to economic and social changes that occurred after 2006 (negative impact of the global financial crisis as well as the positive impact of EU funds), in 2016, we recorded another structure of clusters, except in the Bucharest-Ilfov region which continues to present a number of unique features. In addition, we show that the polarized regional development model is increasingly strengthening and the network of urban agglomerations needs to be territorially balanced to boost their ability to “export” wealth.

Carbon risk and firm performance: Evidence from a quasi-natural experiment

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Hung Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Financial Constraints ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Exogenous Shock ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Impact

This article examines the effect of carbon risk on firm performance, exploiting the Australia ratification of Kyoto Protocol in December 2007 as an exogenous shock. The article finds that polluters, firms in highest-emitting industries, experience a reduction in financial performance relative to controlling non-polluters subsequent to the ratification, and the effect is more pronounced among financially constrained firms. The results are robust to various definitions of polluters, measures of financial constraints, falsification tests on the timing of the Kyoto adoption and the impact of the Global Financial Crisis. The evidence suggests a negative association between carbon risk and firm performance.

scholarly journals Does good corporate governance pay off in the long-run? Evidence from stock market segment switches in Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Lars Norden ◽  
Luiz Moura
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
Stock Returns ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Good Corporate Governance ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Abnormal Stock Returns ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

<p>We investigate the long-run effects of higher standards of corporate governance in the stock market. We consider Brazilian firms that switched from the traditional segment to the Nível 1, Nível 2 or Novo Mercado since 2000. We document that higher standards of governance result in significantly higher abnormal stock returns in the long run, controlling for firm and time fixed effects. The positive impact increased after the Global Financial Crisis, market microstructure has improved, and the market impact is stronger for financially healthy firms. Evidence suggests that committing to higher standards of corporate governance paid off for Brazilian firms in the long run.</p>

scholarly journals Digital Family Life: A Systematic Review of the Impact of Parental Smartphone Use on Parent-Child Interactions

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-43
Author(s):  
Barbara Knitter ◽  
Martina Zemp
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Family Interactions ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Parent Child Interactions ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Smartphone Use ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Parent Child

Smartphone use among parents is rising sharply, as they seek connectedness with partners, friends and work during the sometimes detached times of parenthood. Since parents increasingly use smartphones while interacting with their children, there is growing research about the implications of parental smartphone for parent-child interactions. However, previous reviews have not examined whether the effects of parental smartphone use on parent-child interactions vary depending on children’s age. Additionally, no systematic review has summarized the potential benefits of parents’ smartphone use for parent-child interactions. Therefore, the goals of this systematic review were (1) to explore the role of children’s age in the link between parental smartphone use and parent-child interactions and (2) to summarize potential benefits of parental smartphone use for parent-child interactions. Following PRISMA guidelines, a total of k = 21 papers met all eligibility criteria and were included in this review. Results gest noteworthy effects of parental smartphone use on parent-child interactions across all age groups, but the foci and outcomes of the studies differed between them. Benefits were mostly perceived when people where relaxed and enjoying themselves, but only a few studies have focused on the potential positive impact of parental smartphone use on parent-child interactions. The review provides an overview about future areas of research to explore how smartphone changes family interactions. Families have to find adequate ways of dealing with new technology in everyday life, which inevitably affects the nature of their daily interactions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document