scholarly journals Living with dementia under COVID-19 restrictions: coping and support needs among people with dementia and carers from the IDEAL cohort

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Gareth O'Rourke ◽  
Claire Pentecost ◽  
Eleanor van den Heuvel ◽  
Christina Victor ◽  
Catherine Quinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Resources ◽  
Online Forums ◽  
Family Carers ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract Stringent social restrictions imposed during 2020 to counter the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic could significantly affect the wellbeing and quality of life of people with dementia living in the community and their family carers. We explored the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on people with dementia and family carers in England and considered how negative effects might be mitigated. We conducted semi-structured telephone interviews with 11 people with dementia and 11 family carers who were ongoing participants in the IDEAL cohort during the initial ‘lockdown’ period in May and June 2020, and follow-up interviews with five people with dementia and two carers as restrictions were eased in July. We analysed interview data and triangulated the findings with issues raised in dementia-specific online forums. Findings showed some people with dementia were coping well, but others experienced a range of negative impacts, with varying degrees of improvement as restrictions were eased. The need for clear personalised information relating to COVID-19 and the value of support in the form of regular ‘just checking’ phone calls was emphasised. This exceptional situation provides a natural demonstration of how social and psychological resources shape the potential to ‘live well’ with dementia. While some support is recommended for all, a personalised approach to determine needs and coping ability would ensure that further practical and emotional support is targeted effectively.

scholarly journals Living with dementia under COVID-19 restrictions: coping and support needs among people with dementia and carers from the IDEAL cohort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gareth O'Rourke ◽  
Claire Pentecost ◽  
Eleanor van den Heuvel ◽  
Christina Victor ◽  
Catherine Quinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Resources ◽  
Online Forums ◽  
Family Carers ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract Stringent social restrictions imposed during 2020 to counter the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic could significantly affect the well-being and quality of life of people with dementia living in the community and their family carers. We explored the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on people with dementia and family carers in England and considered how negative effects might be mitigated. We conducted semi-structured telephone interviews with 11 people with dementia and 11 family carers who were ongoing participants in the IDEAL cohort during the initial ‘lockdown’ period in May-June 2020, and follow-up interviews with five people with dementia and two carers as restrictions were eased in July. We analysed interview data and triangulated the findings with issues raised in dementia-specific online forums. Findings showed some people with dementia were coping well, but others experienced a range of negative impacts, with varying degrees of improvement as restrictions were eased. The need for clear personalised information relating to COVID-19 and the value of support in the form of regular ‘just checking’ phone calls was emphasised. This exceptional situation provides a natural demonstration of how social and psychological resources shape the potential to ‘live well’ with dementia. While some support is recommended for all, a personalised approach to determine needs and coping ability would ensure that further practical and emotional support is targeted effectively.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 on ‘living well’ with mild-to-moderate dementia in the community: findings from the IDEAL cohort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Clare ◽  
Anthony Martyr ◽  
Laura D. Gamble ◽  
Claire Louise Pentecost ◽  
Rachel Collins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Everyday Activities ◽  
Living Well ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Moderate Dementia ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Ideal

BackgroundNegative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with dementia have been widely-documented, but most studies have relied on carer reports and few have compared responses to information collected before the pandemic.ObjectiveWe aimed to explore the impact of the pandemic on community-dwelling individuals with mild-to-moderate dementia and compare responses with pre-pandemic data.MethodsDuring the second wave of the pandemic we conducted structured telephone interviews with 173 people with dementia and 242 carers acting as informants, all of whom had previously participated in the IDEAL cohort. Where possible we benchmarked responses against pre-pandemic data.ResultsSignificant perceived negative impacts were identified in cognitive and functional skills and ability to engage in self-care and manage everyday activities, along with increased levels of loneliness and discontinuity in sense of self and a decline in perceived capability to ‘live well’. Compared to pre-pandemic data there were lower levels of pain, depression and anxiety, higher levels of optimism, and better satisfaction with family support. There was little impact on physical health, mood, social connections and relationships, or perceptions of neighbourhood characteristics.ConclusionEfforts to mitigate negative impacts of pandemic-related restrictions and restore quality of life could focus on reablement to address the effects on participation in everyday activities, creating opportunities for social contact to reduce loneliness, and personalised planning to reconnect people with their pre-COVID selves. Such efforts may build on the resilience demonstrated by people with dementia and carers in coping with the pandemic.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 on ‘living well’ with mild-to-moderate dementia in the community: findings from the IDEAL cohort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Clare ◽  
Anthony Martyr ◽  
Laura D Gamble ◽  
Claire Pentecost ◽  
Rachel Collins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Everyday Activities ◽  
Living Well ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Moderate Dementia ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract Background Negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with dementia have been widely-documented, but most studies have relied on carer reports and few have compared responses to information collected before the pandemic. Objective We aimed to explore the impact of the pandemic on community-dwelling individuals with mild-to-moderate dementia and compare responses with pre-pandemic data. Methods During the second wave of the pandemic we conducted structured telephone interviews with 173 people with dementia and 242 carers acting as informants, all of whom had previously participated in the IDEAL cohort. Where possible we benchmarked responses against pre-pandemic data. Results Significant perceived negative impacts were identified in cognitive and functional skills and ability to engage in self-care and manage everyday activities, along with increased levels of loneliness and discontinuity in sense of self and a decline in perceived capability to ‘live well’. Compared to pre-pandemic data there were lower levels of pain, depression and anxiety, higher levels of optimism, and better satisfaction with family support. There was little impact on physical health, mood, social connections and relationships, or perceptions of neighbourhood characteristics. Conclusion Efforts to mitigate negative impacts of pandemic-related restrictions and restore quality of life could focus on reablement to address the effects on participation in everyday activities, creating opportunities for social contact to reduce loneliness, and personalised planning to reconnect people with their pre-COVID selves. Such efforts may build on the resilience demonstrated by people with dementia and carers in coping with the pandemic.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 on ‘Living Well’ with Mild-to-Moderate Dementia in the Community: Findings from the IDEAL Cohort

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Linda Clare ◽  
Anthony Martyr ◽  
Laura D. Gamble ◽  
Claire Pentecost ◽  
Rachel Collins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Everyday Activities ◽  
Living Well ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Moderate Dementia ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Ideal

Background: Negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with dementia have been widely-documented, but most studies have relied on carer reports and few have compared responses to information collected before the pandemic. Objective: We aimed to explore the impact of the pandemic on community-dwelling individuals with mild-to-moderate dementia and compare responses with pre-pandemic data. Methods: During the second wave of the pandemic, we conducted structured telephone interviews with 173 people with dementia and 242 carers acting as informants, all of whom had previously participated in the IDEAL cohort. Where possible, we benchmarked responses against pre-pandemic data. Results: Significant perceived negative impacts were identified in cognitive and functional skills and ability to engage in self-care and manage everyday activities, along with increased levels of loneliness and discontinuity in sense of self and a decline in perceived capability to ‘live well’. Compared to pre-pandemic data, there were lower levels of pain, depression, and anxiety, higher levels of optimism, and better satisfaction with family support. There was little impact on physical health, mood, social connections and relationships, or perceptions of neighborhood characteristics. Conclusion: Efforts to mitigate negative impacts of pandemic-related restrictions and restore quality of life could focus on reablement to address the effects on participation in everyday activities, creating opportunities for social contact to reduce loneliness, and personalized planning to reconnect people with their pre-COVID selves. Such efforts may build on the resilience demonstrated by people with dementia and carers in coping with the pandemic.

scholarly journals Personality and Dementia: an Approach to Differential Profile of the Caregiver

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
Elena de Andrés-Jiménez ◽  
Rosa Mª Limiñana-Gras ◽  
Encarna Fernández-Ros
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Information ◽  
Personality Profile ◽  
Family Carers ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
The Family ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study is to determine the existence of a characteristic personality profile of family carers of people with dementia. The correct knowledge and use of psychological variables which affect the carer, helps to promote appropriate actions to mitigate the impact of care and improve the carer’s quality of life and likewise the one of the person cared for. The study population consists of 69 family carers of people with dementia, members of various associations and care centers. The results allow us to identify a characteristic personality profile for these carers and it reveals a specific psychological working in this sample, although we cannot directly relate it with the tasks of caring for people with this disease, this profile gives us very relevant information to pay more attention to the needs of this group. Moreover, the analysis of personality styles depends on the sex of the family carer, showing, once again, that the woman is in a situation of most vulnerability.

scholarly journals The Impact of Media in the Socialization Process in Albania

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Bukurie Lila
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Positive Function ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Socialization Process ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Ideal

Media is one of the main agents of socialization that affects youth the most. Young adults are majority time are surrounded by the media, which brings me to my main question, "How is Mass Media Affecting Socialization in Children and Young Adults in Albania?" To understand this question one must know and understand what socialization is. The socialization process is a very dramatic impact on a child's life. Socialization is a "Continuing process whereby an individual acquires a personal identity and learns the norms, values, behavior, and social skills appropriate to his or her social position". Mass media has enormous effects on our attitudes and behavior which makes it an important contributor to the socialization process. in some ways mass media can serve as a positive function. It helps there to be more diversity, we can learn more about things that are going on in different countries. It can help you learn new things you did not know. Sadly Media can serve as a negative function in young people life. Young people want to be accepted by society and the media creates the ideal image that tells you what the characteristics are to be accepted and to be able to fit in with society. They show what you should look like, how you can look like this, and where to go to buy these things that will make you look right. This is why many young women deal with anorexia because they want to look like the ideal type that the media displays. Media also influences young people to misbehave. Media shows that being deviant makes you cool and look tough and that it's okay to do deviant things. Statistics show that when young people watch violence on television it increases their appetites to become involved in violence. It opens their minds to violence and makes them aware of crimes and people acting deviant. Many people think that the media does not play a role in the socialization process as much as family, peers and education. But in fact the media plays a strong role in the socialization process. The aim of this study is to see the positive and negative effects that the Albanian media plays in the socialization process in Albania.

scholarly journals Clinical effectiveness of the START (STrAtegies for RelaTives) psychological intervention for family carers and the effects on the cost of care for people with dementia: 6-year follow-up of a randomised controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 216 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gill Livingston ◽  
Monica Manela ◽  
Aidan O'Keeffe ◽  
Penny Rapaport ◽  
Claudia Cooper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Research ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Care Home ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Cost Of Care ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Family Carers ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundThe START (STrAtegies for RelaTives) intervention reduced depressive and anxiety symptoms of family carers of relatives with dementia at home over 2 years and was cost-effective.AimsTo assess the clinical effectiveness over 6 years and the impact on costs and care home admission.MethodWe conducted a randomised, parallel group, superiority trial recruiting from 4 November 2009 to 8 June 2011 with 6-year follow-up (trial registration: ISCTRN 70017938). A total of 260 self-identified family carers of people with dementia were randomised 2:1 to START, an eight-session manual-based coping intervention delivered by supervised psychology graduates, or to treatment as usual (TAU). The primary outcome was affective symptoms (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, total score (HADS-T)). Secondary outcomes included patient and carer service costs and care home admission.ResultsIn total, 222 (85.4%) of 173 carers randomised to START and 87 to TAU were included in the 6-year clinical efficacy analysis. Over 72 months, compared with TAU, the intervention group had improved scores on HADS-T (adjusted mean difference −2.00 points, 95% CI −3.38 to −0.63). Patient-related costs (START versus TAU, respectively: median £5759 v. £16 964 in the final year; P = 0.07) and carer-related costs (median £377 v. £274 in the final year) were not significantly different between groups nor were group differences in time until care home (intensity ratio START:TAU was 0.88, 95% CI 0.58–1.35).ConclusionsSTART is clinically effective and this effect lasts for 6 years without increasing costs. This is the first intervention with such a long-term clinical and possible economic benefit and has potential to make a difference to individual carers.Declarations of interestG.L., Z.W. and C.C. are supported by the UCLH National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre. G.L. and P.R. were in part supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRC) North Thames at Bart's Health NHS Trust. The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health. Z.W. reports during the conduct of the study; personal fees from GE Healthcare, grants from GE Healthcare, grants from Lundbeck, other from GE Healthcare, outside the submitted work.

Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Automation, Robotics, Future of Work and Future of Humanity

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiyu Wang ◽  
Keng Siau
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Way

The exponential advancement in artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, robotics, and automation are rapidly transforming industries and societies across the world. The way we work, the way we live, and the way we interact with others are expected to be transformed at a speed and scale beyond anything we have observed in human history. This new industrial revolution is expected, on one hand, to enhance and improve our lives and societies. On the other hand, it has the potential to cause major upheavals in our way of life and our societal norms. The window of opportunity to understand the impact of these technologies and to preempt their negative effects is closing rapidly. Humanity needs to be proactive, rather than reactive, in managing this new industrial revolution. This article looks at the promises, challenges, and future research directions of these transformative technologies. Not only are the technological aspects investigated, but behavioral, societal, policy, and governance issues are reviewed as well. This research contributes to the ongoing discussions and debates about AI, automation, machine learning, and robotics. It is hoped that this article will heighten awareness of the importance of understanding these disruptive technologies as a basis for formulating policies and regulations that can maximize the benefits of these advancements for humanity and, at the same time, curtail potential dangers and negative impacts.

scholarly journals Dampak Masuknya Turis Asing Terhadap Budaya Asli Masyarakat Sekitar Lokasi Pantai Lakey Desa Hu’u Kabupaten Dompu

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Mintassrihardi Mintassrihardi ◽  
Selva Selva ◽  
Nurlaila Fitriyah
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Business World ◽  
The People ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Main Instrument ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to describe the impact of foreign culture on the indigenous culture of the community around the Lakey beach location in terms of the positive and negative effects of foreign cultures around Lakey beach in Hu’u village, Dompu district. This study uses a type of qualitative data, the data in this study are in the form of words and actions obtained by observation, interviews and documentation. The main instrument in this study is data assisted by observation, documentation and interview guidelines. The research aids used are in the form of digital cameras and writing equipment. The validity of the data is obtained by triangulation techniques. The data analysis technique used is descriptive. Steps for analyzing data by reducing data, presenting data and drawing conclusions or verification. The results of this study show that 1) Westernized lifestyle tradition is one of them is a way of dressing that is not polite for women such as wearing pants or short skirts and clothes that cannot cover all bodies and some even wear a bikini (underwear only). They do not feel uncomfortable or ashamed of the opposite sex when they wear short clothing or do not cover their entire body. This is considered normal for them so they feel unafraid of the effects of short dressing. 2) Still adopting a consumptive lifestyle, some people still waste money just to do negative things like binge drinking when there are certain events, they are not reluctant to spend a lot of money just to get drunk. Not only to buy liquor they also often buy non-essential needs such as buying clothes that are quite expensive only to spend money. 3) The presence of foreign tourists also results in social inequality, in general, the people are picky about their associations, making the poor feel inferior to the more capable people. According to the Lakey beach community's response that some of the people who have capital or wealth are more likely to reduce associations with the less fortunate because they are considered less experienced in the business world. Until now there has also been no government intervention in responding to this. 4) But of the many negative impacts described by the Lakey community there is also a positive impact felt by the community, namely the creation of jobs and others. In this study many people complained of the impact of foreign cultures, so that people were worried about extinction of their own indigenous cultural values.

scholarly journals Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Minerals Sector: A Real Time Survey

SEG Discovery ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
Murray Hitzman ◽  
David Kaeter ◽  
Aileen Doran ◽  
Maeve Boland ◽  
Lingli Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Mineral Exploration ◽  
Precious Metals ◽  
World Health ◽  
Government Employees ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Crucial Point ◽  
Level Of Concern ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Through the implementation of an online survey, run at the end of April 2020, researchers at the Irish Centre for Research in Applied Geosciences (iCRAG) explored the immediate effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the minerals sector workforce. With more than 1,000 respondents, the survey provides insights into the impact of an unprecedented global event at a crucial point in its development. Seven weeks after the World Health Organization’s declaration of the pandemic, 65% of survey respondents agreed that COVID-19 had a significant impact on their work. Overall, 32% of respondents had experienced negative impacts on their employment, having either lost their jobs or been furloughed/temporarily laid off, or were working reduced hours. Geographically, the greatest impact on employment was in Africa, where 45% of respondents suffered negative effects. More often, younger respondents (ages 18–30) reported lost jobs (14%) whereas older survey participants reported working reduced hours (21%, ages 46–60). Respondents working in mineral exploration were most affected (40% suffered negative job impacts), but the impact across base, industrial, and precious metals was broadly similar for all participants; government employees were least affected but were not immune (10% on reduced hours). The level of concern about future job security due to the COVID-19 crisis varied, with 35% of respondents being more or very concerned or having already lost their jobs, 43% had little or no concern, and 22% were moderately concerned. The survey captured the experiences and perceptions of individual workers, providing a perspective different from information available in corporate statements and official statistics.

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