The Military Doctrines of Mao Tse Tung Applied in Vietnam

1963 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-172
Author(s):  
Lea E. Williams
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Third World ◽  
Near East ◽  
World War ◽  
Nuclear Age ◽  
Limited Warfare ◽  
The Military ◽  
Third World War ◽  
Nuclear Arms

Einstein once refused to speculate on the types of weapons to be used in a hypothetical third world war; but he was succinct and specific in naming those of an ensuing fourth global contest – “rocks”. Just as nuclear arms have very possibly made World War II the penultimate great conflict, the super bombs have created a climate in which international rivalries contend through cold war confrontation, police actions and limited warfare. The total terror of our nuclear age has thus far served to confine military clashes to the battlefields of Korea, Vietnam and the Near East, all restricted arenas in comparison to those of 1914–18 and 1939–45. Fear of thermonuclear retaliation has prevented attacks on, to use MacArthur's term, the “privileged sanctuaries” of our era's prime combatants.

5. Nuclear deterrence and arms control

2020 ◽  
pp. 60-79
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Siracusa
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Arms Control ◽  
Nuclear Deterrence ◽  
World War ◽  
Nuclear Age ◽  
Ballistic Missiles ◽  
Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles

Did the nuclear revolution contribute to an era of peace? ‘Nuclear deterrence and arms control’ looks at the post-World War II stalemate and Cold War détente. The concept of deterrence did not come up until the second decade of the nuclear age. The introduction of thermonuclear weapons and nuclear-tipped, long-range intercontinental ballistic missiles turned foreign policy on its head. Mutual deterrence was less of a policy than a reality. With the Cuban Missile Crisis, Moscow mounted a show of defiance at a moment when it was relatively weak. The Carter and Reagan administrations were beset by external and internal disagreements, but prudence and luck prevailed.

CONCERNING THE ORIGINS OF CULTURES

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 548-548
Author(s):  
Marvin Harris
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Third World ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
World War ◽  
Old World ◽  
Nuclear Age ◽  
Moral Standards ◽  
The World ◽  
Human Flesh ◽  
Third World War

No doubt my story [concerning the origins of cultures] would be more inspirational if I could set aside [a] cost/benefit approach to cannibalism and return to the old theory of moral progress. Most of us would prefer to believe that the Aztecs remained cannibals simply because their morals were mined in primitive impulses while the Old World states tabooed human flesh because their morals had risen in the great onwards-and-upwards movement of civilization. But I'm afraid this preference arises from provincial if not hypocritical misconceptions. Neither the prohibition of cannibalism nor the decline of human sacrifice in the Old World had the slightest effect on the rate at which the Old World states and empires killed each other's citizens. As everyone knows, the scale of warfare has increased steadily from prehistoric times to the present, and record numbers of casualties due to armed conflict have been produced precisely by those states in which Christianity has been the major religion. Heaps of corpses left to rot on the battlefield are no less dead than corpses dismembered for a feast. Today, hovering on the brink of a third world war, we are scarcely in a position to look down on the Aztecs. In our nuclear age the world survives only because each side is convinced that the moral standards of the other are low enough to sanction the annihilation of hundreds of millions of people in retaliation for a first strike. Thanks to radioactivity the survivors will not even be able to bury the dead, let alone eat them.

The Features and Results of the Dialogue between Germany and the Nordic Countries in the Political and Military Spheres in the 2010s

Istoriya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11 (109)) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Philipp Trunov
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Nordic Countries ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
The Political ◽  
World War ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
Military Exercises ◽  
The Military

The article examines the dynamics of Germany's relations with the Nordic countries in the military-political sphere in the 2010s, taking into account the historical experience of their contacts. The author tries to explore both regional and bilateral (interstate) levels. The article shows that the foreign policy of Prussia and then Germany before the World War II, based on the active use of military instruments, was one of the reasons for Sweden (1814) and Finland (1955) to choose a neutral status in the military sphere. Chronologically, special attention is paid to the period of the new Cold War between Euro-Atlantic security community and Russia. The article attempts to show that Germany is not interested in the rejection of Sweden and Finland from their conditionally neutral status de jure. Another question is how Germany used the new Cold War to deepen and expand its contacts with all the countries of Northern Europe. The article also discusses the influence of the Donald Trump factor on these relations. Starting in 2018, we may face increased use of the Bundeswehr in military exercises organized in the region. The article attempts to analyze the determination and dynamics of this trend.

The Southwest

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Hantke
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
Outer Space ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
American Southwest ◽  
World War ◽  
American Frontier ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Military

This chapter switches the focus from iconic characters to iconic spaces, following the demographic changes brought about by World War II and the expansion of the domestic infrastructure during the Eisenhower administration. It focuses on the ways in which the military encouraged certain ways of perceiving and experiencing cities, suburbs, and small towns in the transition from World War II to the Cold War. More specifically, it takes on the desert landscape of the American Southwest and tracks its occupation by the military. Closely associated with the development and testing of the US nuclear arsenal, but also with the world of the American frontier and the Western, the southwestern desert appears, in turn, deeply familiar and eerily strange to 1950s American culture. Science fiction films like Jack Arnold's It Came from Outer Space (1953) and Gordon Douglas's Them! (1954) unfold as the Cold War overwrites the traditional connotations of the landscape.

Politics and Utopia

Worldview ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
Thomas Molnar
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Third World ◽  
World War ◽  
New Era ◽  
Power Block ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Third World ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Third World War

The question of the Chinese off-shore islands is not, for the time being, a central issue. But this situation is not likely to last; the theatre of operations is quickly shifting from the Mediterranean to the Pacific and back, from Formosa to North Africa. Is this still the Cold War, is it the Third World War asjkmes Burnham calls it, or a new era of permanent conflicts, taking place in One World where three billion people are just too jnany to coexist?Whichever it is, die West must fight it on two fronts: on the wide world scene and, simultaneously, against those whose Utopian frame of mind, and consequent blindness to the realities of power, block the way of elementary realism.

Emotions and Play-acting in the Cold War: How Leonid Brezhnev Won and Lost the West’s Trust

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-341
Author(s):  
Susanne Schattenberg
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Third World ◽  
Political Action ◽  
World War ◽  
The West ◽  
Sleeping Pills ◽  
Foreign Politics ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Third World War

This article seeks to prove that not only do emotions matter in foreign politics, but they are strong catalysts for political action. In Brezhnev’s case, it was fear of a third world war that made him strive for endurable peace. To gain the trust of the West, he tried to act like a Western statesman in order to be perceived as “familiar” and recognized as “one of us”. The article is structured along four key emotions: fear, trust, stress and mistrust, which are debated as concepts and as decisive states for Brezhnev’s foreign policy. I argue that Brezhnev won the trust of his supporters by showing he was different, but lost it when he became addicted to sleeping pills and had to retreat after 1974.

When Knowledge Transfer Goes Global: How People and Organizations Learned About Information Technology, 1945–1970

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Cortada
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Business Management ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
World War ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The World ◽  
The Military

This article argues that an information ecosystem emerged rapidly after World War II that made possible the movement of knowledge about computing and its uses around the world. Participants included engineers, scientists, government officials, business management, and users of the technology. Vendors, government agencies, the military, and professors participated regardless of such barriers as languages, cold war politics, or varying levels of national economic levels of prosperity.

scholarly journals Russell the Rainmaker: Touring in Early Cold War Australia

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo-Anne Grant
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Third World ◽  
Bertrand Russell ◽  
Western Civilization ◽  
World War ◽  
Central Idea ◽  
Technical Ability ◽  
Wet Weather ◽  
Lecture Tour ◽  
Third World War

During his 1950 lecture tour of Australia, Bertrand Russell was given the nickname “Russell the Rainmaker” due to unseasonably wet weather in the eastern states that appeared to accompany his travels. This humorous name represents a central idea that shaped his tour. Russell was convinced that the technical ability to make rain could transform Australia’s largely dry landscape and boost the nation’s farming potential, which could, in turn, support a new age of happiness and prosperity. Russell used this vision of the future to imagine a safe refuge for Western civilization in case Europe was destroyed in a possible nuclear Third World War. This paper will discuss how his Australian tour was an important moment of both hope and anxiety in his life. Russell’s idea of a pastoral utopia in Australia that relied on optimism about the capability of science to transform the landscape can be understood as a key way in which he responded intellectually to the events of the early Cold War.

The Unassailable Self: Freud's Image Among Post-war American Intellectuals

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Jenness
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Cold War ◽  
External Force ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Human Being ◽  
World War ◽  
The Us ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Way

This paper explores the way American intellectuals depicted Sigmund Freud during the peak of popularity and prestige of psychoanalysis in the US, roughly the decade and a half following World War II. These intellectuals insisted upon the unassailability of Freud's mind and personality. He was depicted as unsusceptible to any external force or influence, a trait which was thought to account for Freud's admirable comportment as a scientist, colleague and human being. This post-war image of Freud was shaped in part by the Cold War anxiety that modern individuality was imperilled by totalitarian forces, which could only be resisted by the most rugged of selves. It was also shaped by the unique situation of the intellectuals themselves, who were eager to position themselves, like the Freud they imagined, as steadfastly independent and critical thinkers who would, through the very clarity of their thought, lead America to a more robust democracy.

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