Coronal Mass Ejections and the Critical Velocity Ionization Phenomenon

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 159-162
Author(s):  
E. Golbraikh ◽  
M. Filippov ◽  
R. Steinitz
Keyword(s):  
Solar Corona ◽  
Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Neutral Gas ◽  
High Energy Electrons ◽  
Mass Ejection ◽  
Heating Up ◽  
Ionization Velocity ◽  
High Speed Flows

AbstractWe propose a new viewpoint concerning the mechanism for coronal mass ejection (CME) formation in the solar corona. According to developed approach the origin of CME is connected with high-speed movement in the transition zone or lower. The high-speed flows of neutral gas are able to produce explosive events (EEs) and jets in the chromosphere by the critical ionization velocity (CIV) mechanism. They can be sources of eruptive prominences. In this case CIV phenomenon results in ion and electron heating up to tens of eV. In turn high-energy electrons can cause weak flares. The eruptive prominences generate CMEs with velocities ≥ 100 km s−1. Thus, the following chain of phenomena appears to form the observed CME: high-speed movements of neutral gas – its ionization due to CIV phenomenon – eruptive prominences (weak flares) – CMEs.

Ignition Characteristics of a New High-Energy Density Fuel in High-Speed Flows

1997 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Segal ◽  
M. J. Friedauer ◽  
H. S. Udaykumar ◽  
W. Shyy ◽  
A. P. Marchand
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Ignition Characteristics ◽  
High Speed Flows ◽  
High Energy Density Fuel

scholarly journals Major solar flares without coronal mass ejections

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (S257) ◽  
pp. 283-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Gopalswamy ◽  
S. Akiyama ◽  
S. Yashiro
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
Solar Flares ◽  
Active Regions ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
High Energy Electrons ◽  
Field Lines ◽  
Microwave Bursts

AbstractWe examine the source properties of X-class soft X-ray flares that were not associated with coronal mass ejections (CMEs). All the flares were associated with intense microwave bursts implying the production of high energy electrons. However, most (85%) of the flares were not associated with metric type III bursts, even though open field lines existed in all but two of the active regions. The X-class flares seem to be truly confined because there was no material ejection (thermal or nonthermal) away from the flaring region into space.

scholarly journals Advances in Imaging Diagnostics for Spray and Particle Research in High-Speed Flows

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1450
Author(s):  
Julien Manin ◽  
William D. Bachalo
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Laser System ◽  
Optical Design ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Microscope Imaging ◽  
High Speed Flows

Measurements of high-pressure sprays and particle fields in high-speed flows have been very challenging for the existing instrumentation. Deformed drops or solid particles significantly limit the range of experimental methods that can be applied for detailed, quantitative measurements. We developed advanced microscope imaging equipment and diagnostic methods to characterize fast-moving droplets or particles. We designed illumination systems based on high-power light-emitting diode (LED) and incoherent laser devices capable of short, intense light pulses. We compared their characteristics and performance separately, as well as their interaction within a complete line-of-sight microscope imaging system. The optical design of the microscope setup was optimized via ray tracing simulations showing high energy losses for LED illumination compared to laser radiation, as confirmed experimentally. The energy transmission measurements provided guidance about the pulse energy density necessary to maximize camera response and signal-to-noise ratio. Characterization testing supported that both illumination systems are valid options for microscopy applications, with an advantage to LED for image quality and resolution performance, but a strong limitation to distance, where the multi-beam laser system demonstrated its superiority.

scholarly journals Evidence for Rayleigh-Taylor Plasma Instability at the Front of Solar Coronal Mass Ejections

Atmosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 468
Author(s):  
Daniele Telloni ◽  
Francesco Carbone ◽  
Alessandro Bemporad ◽  
Ester Antonucci
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Analysis ◽  
Solar Corona ◽  
Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
Line Intensity ◽  
Temporal Evolution ◽  
Density Fluctuations ◽  
Coronal Plasma ◽  
Spatial Periodicity ◽  
Mass Ejection ◽  
Rt Instability

This work focuses on the interaction of a Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) with the ambient solar corona, by studying the spatial and temporal evolution of the density fluctuations observed by the SOHO/UV Coronagraph Spectrometer (UVCS) during the CME. The investigation is performed by applying a wavelet analysis to the HI Ly α 1216 Å line intensity fluctuations observed with UVCS during the CME occurred on 24 December 2006. Strong and coherent fluctuations, with a significant spatial periodicity of about 84 Mm ≃ 0.12 R ⊙ , are shown to develop in about an hour along the front of the CME. The results seem to indicate the Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) instability, susceptible to the deceleration of the heavier fluid of the CME front into the lighter surrounding coronal plasma, as the likely mechanism underlying the generation of the observed plasma fluctuations. This could be the first inference of the RT instability in the outer solar corona in UV, due to the transit of a CME front in the quiet coronal plasma; this interpretation is also supported by a linear magnetohydrodynamic analysis of the RT instability.

A thruster using magnetic reconnection to create a high-speed plasma jet

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 20801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen N. Bathgate ◽  
Marcela M.M. Bilek ◽  
Iver H. Cairns ◽  
David R. McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Reconnection ◽  
Solar Flares ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Argon Plasma ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Electrons ◽  
Lorentz Forces ◽  
Field Lines ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Plasma thrusters propel spacecraft by the application of Lorentz forces to ionized propellants. Despite evidence that Lorentz forces resulting from magnetic reconnection in solar flares and Earth's magnetopause produce jets of energetic particles, magnetic reconnection has only recently been considered as a means of accelerating plasma in a thruster. Based on theoretical principles, a pulsed magnetic reconnection thruster consisting of two parallel-connected slit coaxial tubes was constructed. The thruster was operated in argon plasma produced by RF energy at 13.56 MHz. A 1.0 ms current pulse of up to 1500 A was applied to the tubes. Three results provide evidence for magnetic reconnection. (1) The production of high-energy electrons resembling the outflow that is observed in the reconnection of field lines in solar flares and in laboratory experiments. (2) The high-energy electron current coincided with the rise of the magnetic field in the thruster and was followed by a large ion current. (3) In accordance with known physics of magnetic reconnection, ion currents were found to increase as the plasma became less collisional. The Alfvén speed of the outflowing ions was calculated to be 8.48 × 103 m s−1 corresponding to an Isp of 860 s.

scholarly journals Signs of ultra-high-energy electrons emission with energy up to 105 times of beam energy are detected at downstream of the RF cavity of storage ring

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dapeng Qian
Keyword(s):  
Storage Ring ◽  
Beam Energy ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Energy ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Ultra High Energy ◽  
Rf Cavity ◽  
High Energy Electrons ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
New Equation

Abstract In a new version of special relativity that absorbed the uncertainty principle, the Einstein-Lorentz mass formula proved to be a special case of a more universal equation. The new equation indicates that there is a “high speed but low mass” weak effect in particle motion, which will cause the generation of abnormal ultra-high energy electrons with a small probability when an electron beam passes through an accelerating electric field. The author used the method of long-times accumulation detection to test it on the BEPCII, which results show that there is indeed emission of abnormal electrons with energy up to 105 times of the beam energy at the downstream of the RF cavity of the electron storage ring. Therefor, it is suggested to use the detector with an online real-time display function, such as the “Shashlyk calorimeter”, to detect the single event of ultra-high energy electron, so to fully verify this previously unknown phenomenon and further discover new physics.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF THE HIGH-SPEED FLOW OF POWDER PARTICLES ON THE STRUCTURE OF POLYMER MATERIALS AND METAL-POLYMER COMPOSITES

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 363-367
Author(s):  
Yulia Usherenko ◽  
Viktors Mironovs ◽  
Leonids Pakrastiņš
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Deep Penetration ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
High Speed Flow ◽  
Speed Flow ◽  
Polymer Metal ◽  
Powder Particles ◽  
High Speed Flows

The problem of protecting spacecraft from cosmic dust has recently come to the fore. There is still no enough data on the complex effect of short-term high-energy, dynamic loading on materials, including polymer materials and multilayer polymer-metal composites. The use of dynamic alloying in the super-deep penetration (SDP) mode by high-speed flows of powder particles allows assessing the effect on the material under dynamic action. Previous studies on steel and aluminum samples have shown a significant effect of high-speed flows of powder particles on the structure and properties of materials. As a result of a study of samples made of aliphatic polyurethane with steel reinforcement elements, it was found that there are traces of the penetration of high-speed particles into both metal and polymer layers. However, the number of flow elements detected in the polymeric part is significantly less than the number of elements in the metal reinforcing part. Thus, it is possible to assume that or the polymer material is a more effective barrier to the high-speed flow compared to the metal, or the “self-healing” effect is observed. 

Exploring Coronal Structures with SOHO

2000 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 403-406
Author(s):  
M. Karovska ◽  
B. Wood ◽  
J. Chen ◽  
J. Cook ◽  
R. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Solar Corona ◽  
Image Enhancement ◽  
Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
Dynamical Evolution ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Contrast Structures ◽  
Scale Structures ◽  
Small Scale Structures ◽  
Coronal Structures

AbstractWe applied advanced image enhancement techniques to explore in detail the characteristics of the small-scale structures and/or the low contrast structures in several Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) observed by SOHO. We highlight here the results from our studies of the morphology and dynamical evolution of CME structures in the solar corona using two instruments on board SOHO: LASCO and EIT.

Microfabrication research at the National Submicron Facility

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 86-89
Author(s):  
E.D. Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
High Speed ◽  
New Technology ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Particle ◽  
New Science ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Intermediate Domain ◽  
Circuit Function

Most microelectronics devices and circuits operate faster, consume less power, execute more functions and cost less per circuit function when the feature-sizes internal to the devices and circuits are made smaller. This is part of the stimulus for the Very High-Speed Integrated Circuits (VHSIC) program. There is also a need for smaller, more sensitive sensors in a wide range of disciplines that includes electrochemistry, neurophysiology and ultra-high pressure solid state research. There is often fundamental new science (and sometimes new technology) to be revealed (and used) when a basic parameter such as size is extended to new dimensions, as is evident at the two extremes of smallness and largeness, high energy particle physics and cosmology, respectively. However, there is also a very important intermediate domain of size that spans from the diameter of a small cluster of atoms up to near one micrometer which may also have just as profound effects on society as “big” physics.

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