scholarly journals 3.10 Mariner Mission to Encke 1980

1976 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 346-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Yeates ◽  
K. T. Nock ◽  
R. L. Newburn
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Atmospheric Effects ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Small Bodies ◽  
Origin And Evolution ◽  
Great Insight ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Actual Formation

The planetary program has always been conducted with the hope that the results would reveal great insight into the early period of solar system history and perhaps into the actual formation processes themselves. However, little knowledge has been gained of this very early stage for several reasons: The intense surface bombardment of all larger bodies, particularly in the inner solar system during that period; the subsequent differentiation of large bodies; and atmospheric effects and continued bombardment of the surface. The most promising approach to acquisition of knowledge pertaining to the early state of the solar system, its origin and evolution, therefore seems to be in the study of small bodies, e. g., comets and asteroids.

scholarly journals Remotely distinguishing and mapping endogenic water on the Moon

2017 ◽  
Vol 375 (2094) ◽  
pp. 20150391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel L. Klima ◽  
Noah E. Petro
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Solar System ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Testing Hypotheses ◽  
Origin And Evolution ◽  
Lunar Interior ◽  
Geological Features ◽  
Insight Into

Water and/or hydroxyl detected remotely on the lunar surface originates from several sources: (i) comets and other exogenous debris; (ii) solar-wind implantation; (iii) the lunar interior. While each of these sources is interesting in its own right, distinguishing among them is critical for testing hypotheses for the origin and evolution of the Moon and our Solar System. Existing spacecraft observations are not of high enough spectral resolution to uniquely characterize the bonding energies of the hydroxyl molecules that have been detected. Nevertheless, the spatial distribution and associations of H, OH − or H 2 O with specific lunar lithologies provide some insight into the origin of lunar hydrous materials. The global distribution of OH − /H 2 O as detected using infrared spectroscopic measurements from orbit is here examined, with particular focus on regional geological features that exhibit OH − /H 2 O absorption band strengths that differ from their immediate surroundings. This article is part of the themed issue ‘The origin, history and role of water in the evolution of the inner Solar System’.

scholarly journals The Origin and Evolution of the Comets and Other Small Bodies in the Solar System

1972 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 413-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Vsekhsvyatskij
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Internal Energy ◽  
Total Mass ◽  
Small Bodies ◽  
Origin And Evolution ◽  
Meteor Streams ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Planetary Bodies

It has become evident that comets and other small bodies are indications of eruptive evolution processes occurring in many of the planetary bodies of the solar system. The total number of near-parabolic comets moving in the solar system is 1011 to 1012, but as many as 10 to 15 percent of them are leaving the solar system with hyperbolic velocities. Taking into account also the number of short-period comets that degenerate into asteroids and meteor streams, we have estimated the total number of comets formed during the lifetime of the solar system as 1015 to 1016 (and total mass 1029 to 1031 g). The investigation of comets and other small bodies enables us to evaluate the scale of the processes of cosmic vulcanism and the tremendous internal energy of the planets, that energy being derived from the initial stellar nature of planetary material.

scholarly journals On the Relation Between Comets and Meteoroids

1972 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 485-486
Author(s):  
H. Alfvén
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Present State ◽  
Small Bodies ◽  
Origin And Evolution

In order to understand the origin and evolution of the solar system it is especially important to study the small bodies – asteroids, comets and meteoroids – because in the planetesimal state (preceding the present state) the matter was dispersed.

Chemical highlights from the Rosetta mission

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (S332) ◽  
pp. 153-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathrin Altwegg ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Solar Nebula ◽  
Oort Cloud ◽  
Origin And Evolution ◽  
Rosetta Mission ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Isotopic Abundances ◽  
Dust Grain ◽  
Comet 67P ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractThe overall goal of the ESA Rosetta mission was to help decipher the origin and evolution of our solar system. Looking at the chemical composition of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko is one way of doing this. The amount of very volatile species found and the insight into their isotopic abundances show that at least some presolar ice has survived the formation of the solar system. It shows that the solar nebula was not homogenized in the region where comets formed. The D/H ratio in water furthermore indicates that Jupiter family comets and Oort cloud comets probably formed in the same regions and their difference is then purely due to their different dynamical history. The organics found in 67P are very diverse, with abundant CH- and CHO- bearing species. Sulphur bearing species like S3 and S4 and others show evidence of dust grain chemistry in molecular clouds.

scholarly journals Asteroidal Theories and Experiments

1971 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 213-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustaf Arrhenius ◽  
Hannes Alfvén
Keyword(s):  
Structural Properties ◽  
Chemical Evolution ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Special Structure ◽  
Dynamic State ◽  
Size Spectrum ◽  
Small Bodies ◽  
Origin And Evolution ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Theories on the origin and evolution of asteroids are confronted with three types of experimental tests. The first refers to the dynamic state of the asteroids and consists of orbital and in some cases spin data for bodies as small as about 1 km. (There are reasons to assume that the size spectrum extends to very small objects but nothing is known about them.)The second type consists of observations of the chemical and structural properties of objects fallen to Earth from space. Here the relationship to asteroids is much more tenuous. Nevertheless, the study of meteorites has provided important insight into the chemical evolution of small bodies in space. As long as one realizes that such data refer only to bodies of special structure, composition, velocity, and other orbital characteristics, they can be useful also for conjectures about asteroids.

scholarly journals Interactions between Planets and Small Bodies: Introduction

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 220-222
Author(s):  
M. Marov ◽  
H. Rickman
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Evolutionary Models ◽  
Laboratory Measurements ◽  
Small Bodies ◽  
Great Progress ◽  
History Of ◽  
Impact Phenomena ◽  
Remote Sensing Methods ◽  
Insight Into

The exploration of our Solar System is rapidly growing in importance as a scientific discipline. During the last decades, great progress has been achieved as the result of space missions to planets and small bodies and improved remote-sensing methods, as well as due to refined techniques of laboratory measurements and a rapid progress in theoretical studies, involving the development of various astrophysical and geophysical evolutionary models, based in particular on the approach of comparative planetology. In the crossroads of astronomy and geophysics, recent years have seen a growing understanding of the importance of impact phenomena throughout the history of the Solar System and, therefore, the necessity to get more insight into the problem of interactions of planets and small bodies. This importance is clearly manifested by the observed cratering records of planetary surfaces and such dramatic events as the explosions of the comet P/Shoemaker-Levy 9 fragments in Jupiter’s atmosphere in 1994, that of the Tunguska object over Siberia in 1908, and the Chicxulub event dating back to the end of the Cretaceous.

Care for delirium superimposed on dementia at an early stage

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Good Care ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Appropriate Care ◽  
Adequate Care ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Delirium Superimposed On Dementia

Delirium is a common serious complication in dementia that is associated with poor prognosis and a high burden on caregivers and healthcare professionals. Appropriate care is therefore important at an early stage for patients with delirium superimposed on dementia To gain insight into the care of six patients with delirium superimposed on dementia, 19 semi-structured interviews were conducted focused on the experiences of caregivers and professionals. The interviews revealed four themes that appeared to play a role: 1. experiences with and views on behavioral problems of these patients, 2. recognition and diagnosis of delirium in dementia, 3. views on good care and 4. organizational aspects. Knowledge gaps about delirium in dementia, as well as ethical considerations, play an important role in organizing timely and adequate care for patients with delirium superimposed on dementia.

scholarly journals The Impact of Spaceflight and Microgravity on the Human Islet-1+ Cardiovascular Progenitor Cell Transcriptome

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3577
Author(s):  
Victor Camberos ◽  
Jonathan Baio ◽  
Ana Mandujano ◽  
Aida F. Martinez ◽  
Leonard Bailey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Cardiovascular Development ◽  
Support Cell ◽  
Cell Transcriptome ◽  
Islet 1 ◽  
Life On Earth ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insight Into

Understanding the transcriptomic impact of microgravity and the spaceflight environment is relevant for future missions in space and microgravity-based applications designed to benefit life on Earth. Here, we investigated the transcriptome of adult and neonatal cardiovascular progenitors following culture aboard the International Space Station for 30 days and compared it to the transcriptome of clonally identical cells cultured on Earth. Cardiovascular progenitors acquire a gene expression profile representative of an early-stage, dedifferentiated, stem-like state, regardless of age. Signaling pathways that support cell proliferation and survival were induced by spaceflight along with transcripts related to cell cycle re-entry, cardiovascular development, and oxidative stress. These findings contribute new insight into the multifaceted influence of reduced gravitational environments.

scholarly journals Understanding the Processes Causing the Early Intensification of Hurricane Dorian through an Ensemble of the Hurricane Analysis and Forecast System (HAFS)

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Andrew Hazelton ◽  
Ghassan J. Alaka ◽  
Levi Cowan ◽  
Michael Fischer ◽  
Sundararaman Gopalakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Storm Track ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Complex Interplay ◽  
Forecast System ◽  
Model Initialization

The early stages of a tropical cyclone can be a challenge to forecast, as a storm consolidates and begins to grow based on the local and environmental conditions. A high-resolution ensemble of the Hurricane Analysis and Forecast System (HAFS) is used to study the early intensification of Hurricane Dorian, a catastrophic 2019 storm in which the early period proved challenging for forecasters. There was a clear connection in the ensemble between early storm track and intensity: stronger members moved more northeast initially, although this result did not have much impact on the long-term track. The ensemble results show several key factors determining the early evolution of Dorian. Large-scale divergence northeast of the tropical cyclone (TC) appeared to favor intensification, and this structure was present at model initialization. There was also greater moisture northeast of the TC for stronger members at initialization, favoring more intensification and downshear development of the circulation as these members evolved. This study highlights the complex interplay between synoptic and storm scale processes in the development and intensification of early-stage tropical cyclones.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document