Spore assemblages from the Lower Devonian ‘Lower Old Red Sandstone’ deposits of the Rhynie outlier, Scotland

2006 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles H. Wellman
Keyword(s):  
Lower Devonian ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Thermal Maturity ◽  
Red Sandstone ◽  
Good Surface ◽  
New Information ◽  
History Of ◽  
Arthropod Cuticle ◽  
Age Range ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACTSince the late 1980s an extensive programme of trenching/borehole drilling has been undertaken in order to study the Lower Devonian ‘Lower Old Red Sandstone’ deposits of the Rhynie outlier in the Grampian Highlands of Scotland. The boreholes have provided new information on the stratigraphical succession and geological structure of the Rhynie outlier, both of which were hitherto poorly understood due to the paucity of good surface exposure and the complex geological relationships of the deposits. One hundred and eighteen palynological samples were collected, representing much of the stratigraphical sequence of the inlier, of which 106 were productive. Productive samples yield assemblages of well preserved palynomorphs, dominated by spores and phytodebris, but also containing arthropod cuticle and rare freshwater algal remains. The spore assemblages are systematically described and two new genera and six new species proposed. They are similar throughout the sequence and the spores belong to the polygonalis–emsiensis Spore Assemblage Biozone of Richardson & McGregor (1986) and the PoW Oppel Zone (possibly Su Interval Zone) of Streel et al. (1987), indicating an early (but not earliest) Pragian–?earliest Emsian age range, that may possibly be restricted to latest Pragian–?earliest Emsian. The palynomorph assemblages contain only terrestrial forms, supporting sedimentological interpretation of the deposits as ‘Lower Old Red Sandstone’ fluviatile and lacustrine deposits, with occasional extrusive volcanics and volcaniclastic sediments intercalated. The palynomorphs are of variable thermal maturity (within and between samples), probably reflecting differential heating associated with the complex volcanic/hydrothermal system. The new palynological data provide, for the first time, a reliable biostratigraphical age for the deposits, and suggest that they accumulated relatively rapidly. Spore biostratigraphy and thermal maturity studies facilitate correlation of the tectonically complex deposits, and shed light on other aspects of the geological history of the outlier. The palynomorph assemblages also aid interpretation of the biota of the Rhynie basin, including the exceptionally preserved biotas of the Rhynie and Windyfield cherts.

THE EARLY AND MIDDLE BRONZE AGE SETTLEMENT AT KOIMISIS, THERASIA: PERIODS OF HABITATION AND ARCHITECTURE

2020 ◽  
Vol 115 ◽  
pp. 105-132
Author(s):  
Kostas Sbonias ◽  
Iris Tzachili ◽  
Maya Efstathiou ◽  
Clairy Palyvou ◽  
Costas Athanasiou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Archaeological Investigation ◽  
New Information ◽  
Surface Survey ◽  
History Of ◽  
Geophysical Investigations ◽  
Middle Bronze Age ◽  
Early Phases

The study of the history of the first excavations on prehistoric Therasia in the nineteenth century, which were carried out in the context of contemporary scientific interest in the volcanic eruptions of Santorini, has led to the systematic archaeological investigation of the island from 2007 onwards. The intensive archaeological surface survey, the geological survey of the geological structure and palaeotopography of Therasia, and geophysical investigations, undertaken in conjunction with the ongoing excavation of the prehistoric settlement at the site of Panaghia Koimisis at the southern end of modern Therasia, have created the conditions for a more comprehensive approach to the archaeological landscape of the island. Based on the results from the excavation trenches in the south and south-east terraces of the Koimisis hill, which have been excavated down to the virgin soil, we present findings on the organisation, architecture and habitation phases of the Koimisis settlement. The site emerges as an important settlement located on the imposing hilltop rising on the west side of the pre-eruption Santorini caldera in the Early Bronze Age, with a long period of habitation to the end of the Middle Cycladic period, when it was definitively abandoned. The excavation of the settlement provides new information on its architecture and spatial organisation during the Early and Middle Bronze Age, completing the picture from Akrotiri, whose early phases are preserved in a piecemeal fashion under the buildings of the Late Cycladic town.

The Short, Lascivious Lives of Two Venetian Theaters, 1580-85

2002 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 936-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene J. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Commedia Dell'arte ◽  
Italian Opera ◽  
New Information ◽  
History Of ◽  
Opera House ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City

The teatro all'italiana, or Italian opera house with boxes, was one of the most successful building types invented during the Renaissance, but fragmentary and ambiguous evidence has made locating its origins difficult. This article proposes that those origins are to be found in two theaters for commedia dell'arte built in Venice in 1580 and destroyed by order of the Council of Ten in 1585 (m.v.). The history of these two theaters is sketched here for the first time by means of documents recently found in the Archivio di Stato, Venice, that also include new information related to Palladia's Teatro Olimpico in Vicenza. The role the two Venetian theaters played in the economic, political and social history of the city is suggested.

THE ISLIP ROLL RE-EXAMINED

2017 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 231-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Payne
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Late Medieval Period ◽  
New Information ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
New Evidence

The mortuary roll of John Islip (1464–1532), Abbot of Westminster, is the finest example of its kind to survive in England. The drawings, possibly by Gerard Horenbout, afford the only views of the interior of Westminster Abbey before the Dissolution. The discovery of eighteenth-century copies of an unknown, coloured version of the roll provides important new evidence for both the circumstances of the production and the later history of both rolls. It also provides, for the first time, an authentic colour view of the interior of Westminster Abbey in the late medieval period, and new information on its decoration.

scholarly journals Metallogeny of the Lyapinsky megablock (Subpolar Urals)

2021 ◽  
pp. 88-105
Author(s):  
DUSHIN Vladimir Aleksandrovich
Keyword(s):  
Geological Structure ◽  
Porphyry Deposits ◽  
History Of Development ◽  
Ferrous Metals ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Long Term Studies

Purpose of the work: elucidation of the geological structure, manifestations of magmatism, geodynamics and metallogeny of one of the largest segments of the paleocontinental sector of the Lyapin megablock in the Urals. The peculiarity of the metallogenic specialization of the latter for uranium, thorium, rare metals, gold, optical quartz caused both increased interest and contradictory ideas about its geology, composition of rock complexes, their age and genesis. Methodology of the work: generalization, analysis and synthesis of materials from long-term studies of the geology and metallogeny of the region, including experimental, methodological, thematic and geological survey work (GDP-200/2 sheets P-40-VI, P-40-XII) with the involvement of extensive literary sources. Results. For the first time, on the basis of the created formation map and the developed author’s legend of the territory, the geological structure is shown, the geological structure, geodynamic conditions of formation, metallogenic features of uneven-aged rock associations are shown. The Lyapinsky megablock, which corresponds to the Lyapinsky mineragenic zone, is a component of the West Ural megazone of the Ural Mineragenic Province, including the Mankhambovsky, Malopatoksky, Nyartinsky and Sаledsky ore nodes. In their history of development, four metallogenic epochs are distinguished: the Pre-Riphean, Riphean-Cambrian, Paleozoic and MesozoicCenozoic, specialized in noble, rare, radioactive, and non-ferrous metals, the largest objects of which include the Yasnoye, Narodnoye, Turman, Chudnoye, Sosnovoye, Telaizskoye, Torgovskoye, Turupinskoye, Kholodnoye, Kozhimskoye, and others. Conclusions. The results obtained indicate that along with a certain ore specialization of metallogenic epochs, an important factor affecting the ore content of the territory is the activated suture zones established in the course of research, in the areas where the largest ore objects, including stratiform and porphyry deposits, are localized, as well as unconventional objects of the “structural-stratigraphic disagreement” type.

scholarly journals The Pliocene-Pleistocene Development, Uplift and Emergence History of the Manawatu Strait, New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Aidan Milner
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
The West ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Rock Formations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Age Range ◽  
First Time ◽  
Insight Into

<p>The Manawatu Saddle is located within the structural and topographical low separating the Ruahine and Tararua axial ranges of the lower North Island. Pliocene-Pleistocene sedimentary rocks unconformably drape over Cretaceous aged basement rock in the structural low and record the existence of a paleo seaway known as the Manawatu Strait, which connected the West Coast (Whanganui Basin) to the East Coast (Ruataniwha Strait). The sedimentary sequence shows a succession of alternating marine and terrestrial units recording the development of the Manawatu Strait. These sedimentary rock formations range in age from Opoitian to Castlecliffian.   This study investigates the stratigraphy, lithofacies and resulting geological history of the Manawatu Strait spanning the development, uplift and final emergence history of the strait. Five key measured sections were constructed to take advantage of new outcrop exposure allowed detailed descriptions of the Manawatu Saddle geology to be presented. Four formations are identified and the formation boundary overlaps between past authors is constrained based on field observations. The age range for each formation is also constrained. Based on these results for the first time a detailed lithofacies scheme is applied to the sedimentary rocks within the Manawatu Saddle to understand the changing depositional environments within the Manawatu Strait throughout its development and uplift. A series of 3D schematic paleogeographic figures are presented showing the depositional environments within the Manawatu Strait, at key time intervals.   Results highlighted by this thesis show four major formations within the Manawatu Saddle. The oldest formation, the Mangatoro Formation (Opoitian), records the initial formation of the Manawatu Strait attributed to a regional subsidence event known as the Tangahoe pull down event. The Mangatoro Formation also shows sedimentary deposited during peak marine transgression within the Manawatu Strait. The Te Aute Formation (Waipipian-Mangapanian) provides an insight into the uplift timing of the axial ranges and the resulting effect on the Manawatu Strait. The Kumeroa Formation (Nukumaruan) shows the influence of eustatic sea level change in the Manawatu Saddle. The youngest formation within the Manawatu Saddle is the Mangatarata Formation (Castlecliffian), and marks the final uplift and emergence of the Manawatu Strait, indicated by the presence of marginal marine lithofacies this also marks the final separation of the West Coast (Rauataniwha Strait) and West Coast (Whanganui Basin).</p>

THE HISTORY OF GEOLOGICAL AND PALEONTOLOGICAL STUDY OF BOLSHOYE BOGDO MOUNTAIN

2018 ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
I. A. Starodubtseva ◽  
I. V. Novikov
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
State University ◽  
Paleontological Institute ◽  
Scientific Institutions ◽  
Borissiak Paleontological Institute ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
First Descriptions ◽  
Paleontological Study

The history of the geological and paleontological study of Bolshoye Bogdo mountain, as well as the evolution of the views on their geological structure, has been considered.The first descriptions of the rocks composing the Bolshoye Bogdo mountain, published in the 18th century by academicians S.G. Gmelin and P.S. Pallas, have been given. A particular attention has been paid to the results obtained during the expedition conducted under the guidance of the English geologist R.I. Murchison in 1841. A great contribution to the knowledge of the geological structure and paleontological characteristics of Bolshoye Bogdo mountain was made by A.B. Auerbach, who discovered here the remains of Triassic temnospondyl amphibians and fish for the first time for the territory of European Russia. A new stage in the study of the paleontology of the Bolshoye Bogdo mountain, which began in 1912, has been characterized. A well-known paleontologist and writer LA. Efremov worked there in the 1926th and 1928th years and conducted scientific research and searches for vertebrate remains. Later, the study of the geological structure of the Bolshoye Bogdo mountain was carried out by the staff of the Saratov State University, Borissiak Paleontological Institute and other scientific institutions of Russia.

scholarly journals Ecology and life history of Paratomapoderus brachypterus in Gabon (Coleoptera: Attelabidae)

2017 ◽  
pp. 159-163
Author(s):  
Silvano Biondi ◽  
Carlo Massarone ◽  
Cosmin-Ovidiu Manci
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Leaf Roll ◽  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
Plant Leaf ◽  
Trophic Activity ◽  
New Information ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

On the base of data collected during four expeditions in Gabon (West Africa) from 2012 to 2016, the authors provide new information on trophic activity and reproductive behaviour of Paratomapoderus brachypterus (Voss, 1926) (Attelabidae: Apoderinae, Hoplapoderini), with emphasis on leaf-roll realisation; host plant, leaf roll, larva and pupa are illustrated for the first time.

AUTHOR OF HIS OWN FATE? THE EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY WRITINGS OF AYUBA SULAYMAN DIALLO

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-377
Author(s):  
PAUL NAYLOR ◽  
MARION WALLACE
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Life History ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
British Library ◽  
New Information ◽  
Close Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe life of Ayuba Sulayman Diallo (also known as Job ben Solomon) receives a fresh examination in this article, based primarily on his own writings. The son of an Imam from Bundu in Senegambia, Diallo was enslaved in 1731 and transported to America. He survived to gain his freedom, make his mark in London society, and return to Africa in 1734. This article offers an analysis of documents from the British Library, including items that have not been previously analysed and are here translated into English for the first time. In addition, they bring together what is known of his archive, including the letters he wrote before, during, and after his time in London, the Qur'ans he scribed there, and the scraps and snippets created as he discussed the Arabic language with friends.A close analysis of Diallo's writings reveals new information about his life history; his relationships with the elites in both Bundu and London; his scholarly abilities; and the history of Bundu itself. Diallo used the technology of writing to direct the course of his own life and career, converting a disastrous course of events into favourable opportunities for himself.

The early land plants from the Armorican Massif: sedimentological and palynological considerations on age and environment

2010 ◽  
Vol 147 (6) ◽  
pp. 830-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTINE STRULLU-DERRIEN ◽  
CÉLINE DUCASSOU ◽  
MICHEL BALLÈVRE ◽  
MARIE-PIERRE DABARD ◽  
PHILIPPE GERRIENNE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Devonian ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Land Plants ◽  
Variscan Belt ◽  
The South ◽  
History Of ◽  
Armorican Massif ◽  
First Time ◽  
Early Land ◽  
Emergence Event

AbstractThe Châteaupanne Unit belongs to the South Armorican domain of the Armorican Massif (France), which is part of the Variscan belt. This unit includes two Lower Devonian plant levels and one of them corresponds to the Basal Member of the Chalonnes Formation. A sedimentological and palaeontological analysis of these fossiliferous deposits from the Châteaupanne quarry (Montjean/Loire, Maine et Loire, France) is presented here for the first time. The age determination based on palynology indicates that the locality records the earliest occurrence of plant megafossils in the Armorican Massif. Their presence suggests an emergence event that has never been described before. Our study highlights the promising potential of the Basal Member of the Chalonnes Formation to aid in understanding these occurrences, and provides new insights into the history of the Variscan belt.

scholarly journals New data on geology of the Rybalsky Quarry, unique object of geological heritage of Global Significance

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-121
Author(s):  
Volodymyr V. Manyuk
Keyword(s):  
Thick Layer ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Full Data ◽  
Terra Rossa ◽  
Unique Object ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Composition Structure ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City

Among the great variety of geological relics of Ukraine, one of the most attractive is the Rybalsky Quarry, located in the city of Dnipro, and well known outside Ukraine. First of all, it is famous for the Mandrykivski Layers exposed in one of the ridges of the Quarry back in the 1970s, although there are many other important peculiarities of the geological structure of the Quarry which attract scientists from Ukraine, Germany, France, Netherlands, Russia and other countries. There are full data on the history of discovery and survey of the Mandrykivski Layers from their discovery by Valerian Domger in 1882 to current studies that reveal various aspects of geological structure of the Quarry, the results of study of different groups of fossil fauna, compare them with the fauna of the Paris Upper Eocene basin and other well- known locations. Particularly in the Rybalsky Quarry, thanks to the author`s efforts, the Layers received the status of “layers with geographic name”, as confirmed by the decision of Cenozoic Commission of the National Stratigraphic Committee of Ukraine in 2001. New fragments of the section of subaerial and subaqueous deposits of the Quaternary deposits were found and their composition, structure and complete stratigraphic content were studied. The research allows us to consider it typical for the Middle Prydniprovia. Fluvioglacial and lake-glacial deposits of the Dnipro glaciations in the Quarry exposed for the second time in 25 years, but this is the first time when their genetic origin, position in the section and lithological-facies peculiarities were determined. Thick layer of sands embedded on the roof of the Mandrykivski Layers were identified to the fifth or Hadzhybeiska terrace of the Dnipro, in the upper part of which there were notable siliceous-clayey-ferruginous formations or lateral crust (ferruginous crusts). The studies of the layer of brown-green and red-brown clays in the roof of the Mandrykivski layers allows us to presume their marine origin. In this case, they are underwater weathering crust (terra rossa) developed in the process of halmyrolysis or are the product of dissolution of carbonate silt enriched with detritus of mollusks, corals and other inhabitants of the warm Mandrykivske Sea.

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