6.14 Serum Vitamin B12 Concentrations in Growing Cattle and Their Relationship with Growth Rate and Cobalt Bullet Therapy

1983 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 145-146
Author(s):  
D. I. Givens ◽  
V. R. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Isotope Dilution ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
A Value ◽  
Growing Cattle

The interpretation of serum vitamin B12 concentrations in cattle is not well established but a value <350 ng/1 is commonly used to describe adequacy (MAFF, 1978). Three separate experiments explore this interpretation and the ability of cobalt (Co) bullets to increase serum vitamin B12 concentrations in cattle. In all cases, vitamin B12 has been measured microbiologically, using the organism L. leichmannii. In experiment 3, a number of samples were additionally analyzed using a radio isotope dilution (RID) technique.

The Carriers of Native Vitamin B12 in Normal Human Serum

1977 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 453-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Isotope Dilution ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
Isotope Dilution Assay ◽  
Dilution Assay ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Transcobalamin Ii

1. After fractionation of the vitamin B12-binding proteins of ten normal sera the components containing transcobalamin II and R-type binders of vitamin B12 respectively were studied for endogenous vitamin B12 content by two distinct systems of vitamin B12 assay. 2. The measurements of total serum vitamin B12 by either bioassay with Euglena gracilis or a radioisotope dilution assay agreed closely. 3. The native vitamin B12 carried by transcobalamin II was higher as measured by bioassay than by isotope dilution assay. 4. The presence of the transcobalamin II fraction of human serum altered the key reaction between the binding reagent of the isotope dilution assay, so that this assay failed to measure vitamin B12 quantitatively. 5. Probably, the mean fraction of plasma vitamin B12 carried by transcobalamin II is in the range 20–30%.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF FLOOR TYPE ON SERUM FOLATES, SERUM VITAMIN B12, PLASMA BIOTIN AND ON GROWTH PERFORMANCES OF PIGS

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 779-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. BILODEAU ◽  
G. J. BRISSON ◽  
J. J. MATTE ◽  
A. M. B. de PASSILLÉ ◽  
C. L. GIRARD
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Growth Performances ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
B Complex Vitamins

Forty-eight 5-wk-old piglets were grouped into six blocks of eight pigs each. Each block comprised two pens of four pigs, two castrates and two females; one pen had a solid floor (free access to feces) while the other had a slatted floor (limited access to feces). Pigs were fed ad libitum a diet computed to meet NRC requirements for 18 wk. Every 14 d, each animal was weighed and a blood sample was taken for the determination of folates, vitamin B12, biotin, hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Ht) levels. There was no effect (P > 0.05) of floor type on serum folates or vitamin B12, nor on plasma biotin which averaged, respectively, 72.2 ± 2.9 ng mL−1, 246.0 ± 21.3 pg mL−1 and 1.34 ± 0.1 ng mL−1 at the end of the experiment. Biotin concentration was about 16-fold greater in the feces than in the diet, which was indicative of active bacterial synthesis of B-complex vitamins in the gut. Hb and Ht were about 4% higher (P < 0.05) in pigs on slatted floors than in those on solid floors. From 5 to 11 wk, pigs raised on slatted floors grew faster (P < 0.05) than those raised on solid floors, but growth rate was similar (P > 0.05) on both floor types from 11 to 23 wk. The results suggest that whatever the age of growing pigs, coprophagy is not an important way by which these animals meet their requirements in B-complex vitamins. Key words: Pigs, floor type, coprophagy, folates, vitamin B12, biotin

Effects of vitamin B12 concentration on chemostat cultured Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7002

1995 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven W. Wilhelm ◽  
Charles G. Trick
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Continuous Culture ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Outer Membrane Proteins ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Entire Group ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Limited Growth ◽  
Synechococcus Sp

The effects of vitamin B12 availability on the physiology of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7002 were examined in a continuous culture chemostat system. The availability of vitamin B12 within the system was demonstrated to control the cell density and cellular chlorophyll levels under nutrient-limiting conditions. Electron micrographs of vitamin B12 replete and vitamin B12 deficient cyanobacteria indicated that a reduction in vitamin B12 availability induced a loss of thylakoid integrity within the system. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis demonstrated that the expression of outer membrane proteins of 95, 70, and 34 kDa was enhanced during vitamin B12 limited growth. Cellular quotients were determined to be a minimum of 256 molecules of vitamin B12/cell to sustain a growth rate of 0.6/day. A comparison with eukaryotic plankton demonstrated that the vitamin B12 requirements of cyanobacteria may be more similar to those of chloroplasts than to those of the entire group of eukaryotic algae.Key words: chemostats, cellular quotients, cyanobacterial physiology, Synechococcus, vitamin B12.

SOME OBSERVATIONS ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VITAMIN B12 AND REPRODUCTION IN SWINE

1961 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Frederick ◽  
G. J. Brisson
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Milk Diet ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
The Relationship

Six female swine were maintained during one or more gestations on a vitamin B12-deficient diet. Two that had been fed the deficient diet for more than 2 years prior to their first gestation aborted. Four that received the deficient diet for 7 months prior to their first gestation farrowed a total of 8 litters containing 68 live piglets; 27 died within 3 days. All piglets fed a synthetic milk diet, deficient in vitamin B12, died within 14 days.Five adult females fed the deficient diet supplemented with 400 μg. of vitamin B12 per animal per day farrowed a total of 8 litters containing 83 live piglets; none died within 3 days. Of 14 piglets fed a vitamin B12-deficient synthetic milk diet, 2 died within 14 days.The different dietary vitamin B12 intakes of the adults influenced the serum vitamin B12 levels of the adults and of their offspring.Piglets fed vitamin B12 gained more, but feed conversion was not influenced by the vitamin B12 dietary intake of the piglets or by the intake of their dams during gestation.It is concluded that vitamin B12 influences swine reproduction and neonatal survival.

Serum Vitamin B12 Levels in Indian Psychiatric Patients

1970 ◽  
Vol 117 (541) ◽  
pp. 699-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. Jathar ◽  
S. P. Patrawalla ◽  
D. R. Doongaji ◽  
D. V. Rege ◽  
R. S. Satoskar
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Pernicious Anaemia ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Mental Symptoms ◽  
Low Serum

It is known that pernicious anaemia is sometimes associated with mental symptoms which improve following vitamin B12 therapy (Eilenberg, 1960; Holmes, 1956; Smith, 1960). Further, it has been pointed out that such mental symptoms can occur years before the development of anaemia and no definite relationship exists between them and the severity of anaemia (Smith, 1960). Cases have been described with a variety of psychiatric symptoms and low serum vitamin B12 levels without any neurological manifestation or abnormality of peripheral blood and bone marrow. Since pernicious anaemia is due to vitamin B12 deficiency it is suspected that B12 deficiency is responsible for the mental symptoms, and serum B12 assays have been advocated routinely in psychiatric patients (Strachan and Henderson, 1965; Hunter and Matthews, 1965).

scholarly journals Elevated results in a vitamin B12 assay when using serum separator blood collection tubes

2003 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 560-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Lowrey ◽  
G Smith
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Blood Collection Tubes

Background: In the light of apparently spurious serum vitamin B12 results in some patients, the effect of serum separator sample tubes on serum vitamin B12 values, assayed by the Bayer Centaur analyser, was examined. Method: Results of parallel assays of serum vitamin B12 in plain (non-gel) serum tubes and serum separator gel tubes were compared. Serum in previously centrifuged gel tubes was mixed in the tube and the effect of that mixing on assay results quantitated. A limited investigation of the effect of tube cap type was also carried out. Results: Serum vitamin B12 concentration was 54% higher in samples taken into serum separator tubes after re-mixing the serum in the original tube. This effect could be abolished by re-centrifugation. Conclusions: Use of serum separator tubes may be associated with spuriously elevated serum vitamin B12 concentrations in the Bayer Centaur assay. Laboratories receiving samples for vitamin B12 assay in serum separator tubes that have already been centrifuged should either re-centrifuge the tubes, or aliquot and re-centrifuge serum from the tubes prior to vitamin B12 assay.

Serum Vitamin B12 Levels During the First Trimester of Pregnancy Correlate with Newborn Screening Markers of Vitamin B12 Deficiency

2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 92-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Dayaldasani ◽  
Juan Ruiz-Escalera ◽  
Manuel Rodríguez-Espinosa ◽  
Inmaculada Rueda ◽  
Vidal Pérez-Valero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newborn Screening ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

Introduction. Low maternal vitamin B12 status is a risk factor for various adverse pregnancy outcomes. Although vitamin B12 deficiency is not a primary target of newborn screening (NBS) programs, measurements of propionylcarnitine (C3) and its ratios with acetylcarnitine (C3/C2) and palmitoylcarnitine (C3/C16) may incidentally identify vitamin B12-deficient newborns. The objective of this study was to measure vitamin B12 levels in women during the first trimester of pregnancy, evaluate predictors of these concentrations, and study their relationship with newborn screening results. Design: Vitamin B12 concentrations were evaluated in 204 women during the first trimester of pregnancy and possible confounding factors were analyzed. After giving birth, data of their newborns (189) were collected (sex, gestational age, birthweight) and the acylcarnitine profile obtained by tandem mass spectrometry during NBS was analyzed. To assess the effects of the variables on vitamin B12 serum concentrations and newborn screening markers, stepwise multiple linear regression models were used. Results: The mean serum concentration of vitamin B12 was 370.8 pmol/L (502.4 pg/mL) (SD 142.81). Vitamin B12 concentrations were significantly lower in smokers (p = 0.027), and in women with low meat consumption (p = 0.040). There was a significant inverse correlation between mothers’ vitamin B12 concentrations and their children’s C3 (r = - 0.24; p = 0.001), C3/C2 (r = - 0.23; p = 0.002) and C3/C16 levels (r = - 0.20; p = 0.006). Conclusions: Newborn screening markers (C3, C3/C2, and C3/C16) present an inverse correlation with maternal vitamin B12 status in the first trimester of pregnancy. Regarding factors that may influence maternal serum vitamin B12 levels during the first trimester, smoking seems to have a negative effect, and meat consumption a positive effect.

Serum Vitamin-B12 Levels in Psychiatric Patients on Long-Term Psychotropic Drug Therapy

1970 ◽  
Vol 116 (533) ◽  
pp. 439-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
James G. Henderson ◽  
Audrey A. Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Psychotropic Drug ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Suitable Method ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Routine Laboratory ◽  
Possible Cause

Recently much interest has been shown in the screening of populations for the presence of disease, either latent or overt (Wilson and Junger, 1968). In psychiatric practice the importance has been recorded of screening patients for the presence of avitaminosis B12 as a possible cause of psychiatric abnormality (Henderson et al 1966). Several methods of estimating serum vitamin-B12 levels have been evaluated, but the microbiological assay remains the most suitable method for use in a routine laboratory.

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