The ‘open-earedness’ hypothesis and the development of age-related aesthetic reactions to music in elementary school children

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhard Kopiez ◽  
Marco Lehmann
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
Classical Music ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Musical Preference ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Musical Styles

This study investigates age-related changes in musical preference in elementary school children. The tolerance towards unconventional musical styles has been called ‘open-earedness’ (Hargreaves, 1982a), and it is assumed to decline with increasing age. Musical preferences of 186 students from grade 1 to 4 (age range: 6–10 years) were measured by using a 5-point iconographic rating scale. Eight sound examples were presented in a sound questionnaire. Results showed a decline of open-earedness for unconventional music (classical, ethnic and avant-garde music) from grade 1 to 2 (age: 7–8 years). However, this effect disappeared when classical music was excluded from data analysis. Only a few absolute rejections of unconventional musical styles were found, and the mean preference ratings did not exceed the neutral mean range. Future studies will have to consider additional factors of influence to make clear predictions about the point in time when this transition occurs.

Form Reproduction as a Function of Complexity

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith E. Beery
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Age Related

180 elementary school children, ranging in age from 6 to 14 yr., were tested for their ability to reproduce geometric forms by means of direct copy on paper with pencil. The forms varied in complexity, as defined by the number of sides. Complexity was found to be negatively associated with level of performance in form reproduction, especially for forms of 8 sides or fewer. Performance in form reproduction was positively associated with age but some age-related inversions were noted.

scholarly journals Program Agroschooling pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar SD 01 Manang untuk Meningkatkan Minat terhadap Bidang Pertanian

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Wahyu Adhi Saputro ◽  
Fachruddin Edi Nugroho Saputro
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Agricultural Education ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
School Students ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

AbstrakJumlah penduduk yang semakin meningkat diikuti dengan selarasnya kebutuhan pangan namun tidak diikuti dengan peningkatan sektor pertanian di Indonesia ditunjukkan dengan semakin berkurangnya minat anak muda di bidang pertanian. Permasalahan mengenai penurunan minat anak muda di pertanian hakikatnya menjadi perhatian khusus dari berbagai pihak karena menjadi faktor penghambat pertumbuhan pembangunan pertanian. SD Negri 01 Manang merupakan mitra yang tepat untuk diberikannya kurikulum pendidikan anak yang diselipkan arti penting pertanian sehingga dari masa kanak-kanak potensi pertanian untuk masa depan tertanam dalam pola pikir mereka. Solusi mengenai model edukasi pertanian sejak dini dirasa sangat tepat menarik minat anak-anak dan disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan, kemampuan dan kesenangan setiap anak sehingga dampaknya dapat meminimumkan dampak ketidaktertarikan generasi muda terhadap bidang pertanian. Program Agroschooling memiliki tujuan untuk mengenalkan kepada anak-anak sekolah dasar mengenai pentingnya dunia pertanian dan pengelolaan lingkungan alam sekitar. Metode yang diberikan dalam program agroschooling anak-anak SD menonton secara virtual video tentang pertanian, kemudian ditanyai dengan beberapa pertanyaan di kuesioner dengan bantuan mahasiswa mengenai cita-cita dan kesukaan di bidang pertanian. Acara dilanjutkan dengan penanaman tanaman di ikuti dengan pertanyaan kuesioner untuk menanyai apakah ada yang ingin berganti cita-cita setelah mengikuti program Agrochooling. Data-data tersebut di analisis menggunakan linkert dan diinputkan dalam rating scale. Selain itu digunakan analisis before dan after untuk melihat peningkatan anak-anak yang ingin bekerja di sektor pertanian sebelum dan sesudah diadakan program Agroshcooling. Survei awal membuktikan bahwa sebanyak 0% dari siswa dan siswi SD yang bercita-cita ingin bekerja di sektor pertanian. Peningkatan persentase keinginan bekerja para siswa dan siswi di SD 01 Manang di bidang pertanian terjadi sebanyak 15,38% setelah diadakannya program Agroschooling. Persepsi para siswa dan siswi terhadap kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat mengenai agroschooling masuk ke dalam kategori� baik. Harapannya akan adanya kelanjutan pengabdian dengan survey ketertarikan siswa terhadap pertanian. �Kata kunci: Pertanian; Agroschooling�AbstractIncreasing population followed by harmonious food needs but not followed by an increase in the agricultural sector in Indonesia is shown by the decreasing interest of young people in agriculture. The problem regarding the decline of young people's interest in agriculture is of particular concern to various parties because it is a factor inhibiting the growth of agricultural development. SD Negri 01 Manang is the right partner for child education curriculum which is tucked in the importance of agriculture so that from childhood childhood the potential of agriculture for the future is embedded in their mindset. The solution regarding the agricultural education model from the beginning is felt to be very appropriate to attract the interests of children and adapted to the needs, abilities and enjoyment of children so that the impact can minimize the impact of the young generation's disinterest in agriculture. The method given in the agroschooling program for elementary school children watched a virtual video about agriculture, then was asked a number of questions in the questionnaire with the help of students about their ideals and preferences in agriculture. The program was followed by planting plants followed by questionnaire questions to ask if anyone wanted to change their goals after joining the Agrochooling program. The data is analyzed using linkert and entered in the rating scale. Also used before and after analysis to see the increase in children who want to work in the agricultural sector before and after the Agroshcooling program was held. The Agroschooling Program aims to introduce elementary school children about the importance of agriculture and the management of the surrounding natural environment. Initial survey prove that as many as 0% of elementary school students want to work in the agricultural sector. The increase in the percentage of students wanting to work at SD 01 Manang in agriculture occurred as much as 15.38%. The perception of students and students of community service activities regarding agroschooling into the good category. The hope is that there will be continued service by surveying student�s interest in agriculture �Keywords: Agriculture; Agroschooling

scholarly journals Faktor-faktor yang Berperan terhadap Terjadinya Kecemasan Orang Tua Anak Sekolah Dasar di Desa Maumbi pada Masa Pandemi Covid -19

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Kristinia M. Tangkuman ◽  
Anita E. Dundu ◽  
Theresia M. D. Kaunang
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Online Learning ◽  
School Children ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale ◽  
Hamilton Anxiety ◽  
Economic Stressors

Abstract: The 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic has changed the learning pattern to distance learning, which is an online system. Besides their other activities, parents play a more important role in accompaning and guiding their children during online learning than that of the teachers. Therefore, the parents endure uncomfortable feelings such as anxiety due to increased burden. Moreover, there are various factors that can play a role in the occurrence of parental anxiety. During this pandemic, online learning has also penetrated into the countryside. Maumbi village is one of the areas affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study was aimed to analyze the factors that contribute to the anxiety of parents of elementary school children at Maumbi village during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a descriptive and analytical study with a cross sectional design. Data of this study were obtained by using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) questionnaire. Samples of this study were 107 parents of elementary school children who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The multivariate analysis showed that the factors that contributed to the anxiety level of parents were economic stressors (p=0.021, t count=-2.347, and β=-0.224) and occupational stressors (p=0.042, t count=-2.055, and β=-0.197). In conclusion, factors contributing to the anxiety of parents of elementary school children at Maumbi village during the COVID-19 pandemic were economic stressors and occupational stressors.Keywords: parents’ anxiety; level of anxiety; online learning; COVID-19 pandemic  Abstrak: Pandemi coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) membuat pola pembelajaran berubah menjadi pembelajaran jarak jauh. Disamping kesibukan lainnya, orang tua berperan untuk mendampingi dan membimbing anak ketika berlajar online yang jauh lebih besar daripada guru. Orang tua merasa tidak nyaman seperti kecemasan akibat beban yang bertambah. Berbagai macam faktor dapat berperan terhadap terjadinya kecemasan orang tua anak. Dalam masa pandemi ini untuk pembelajaran daring atau online juga sudah merambah sampai ke pedesaan. Desa Maumbi merupakan salah satu daerah yang tekena dampak pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berperan terhadap terjadinya kecemasan orang tua anak sekolah dasar di Desa Maumbi pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Pengumpulan data penelitian diambil dengan kuesioner Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS). Sampel penelitian ini ialah 107 orang tua anak sekolah dasar yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang berperan terhadap terjadinya tingkat kecemasan orang tua anak SD di Desa Maumbi pada masa pandemi COVID-19 ialah stresor ekonomi (p=0,021, t hitung = -2.347, dan β=-0,224) dan stresor pekerjaan (p=0,042, t hitung =-2,055, dan β=-0,197). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah faktor-faktor yang berperan terhadap terjadinya kecemasan orang tua anak sekolah dasar di Desa Maumbi pada masa pandemi COVID-19 ialah stresor ekonomi dan stresor pekerjaan.Kata kunci: kecemasan orang tua; tingkat kecemasan; pembelajaran jarak jauh; pandemi COVID-19

scholarly journals Effects of a Teacher-Centred, School-Based Intervention Program on Health Behavior and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Elementary School Children

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clemens Drenowatz ◽  
Olivia Wartha ◽  
Susanne Brandstetter ◽  
Jürgen M. Steinacker
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Health Behavior ◽  
School Children ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
School Based Intervention ◽  
School Based ◽  
Age Related

The increasing prevalence of overweight and obese children along with accompanying comorbidities has prompted an early acknowledgement of a healthy lifestyle. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a teacher-centered, school-based intervention on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and health behavior in elementary school children. 935 first- and second-grade children in southwest Germany provided valid data at baseline and follow-up. Trained technicians measured height and weight along with blood pressure, cholesterol, and intra-abdominal fat to determine CVD risk. Parent questionnaires were used to assess children’s health behavior. Within one year CVD risk declined in the intervention group, particularly due to an attenuation of the age-related increase in mean arterial pressure. The age-related decline in habitual sports participation was attenuated, and children in the intervention groups displayed higher odds of playing outside. Further, the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages declined in the intervention group, and TV time remained stable, while it increased in the control group. These results indicate that a teacher-centered intervention positively affects health behavior and CVD risk. The incorporation of the intervention by the classroom-teacher should allow for a sustainable participation, which may result in more pronounced effects over time.

Effects of Life Skill Training on the School Violence Attitudes and Behavior Among Elementary School Children

2020 ◽  
pp. 105984052093418
Author(s):  
Jae Yeon Lee ◽  
Ok Kyung Ham ◽  
Hyun Soo Oh ◽  
Eun Jin Lee ◽  
Young Ko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
School Violence ◽  
School Children ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Skill Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Life Skill ◽  
Attitudes Toward School ◽  
Significant Difference

This study evaluated a life skill training program on school violence given to elementary school children. A quasi-experimental study was conducted, and a 12-week intervention was implemented targeting 70 students aged between 10 and 11 years. The instruments included peer competency, attitudes toward school violence, experience of school violence, and the Self-Control Rating Scale. The data were analyzed using repeated measure analysis of variance. A significant difference was observed between the groups over time on peer competency ( F = 4.17, p = .020), attitudes toward school violence ( F = 6.02, p = .004), and violence experience as a victim ( F = 3.49, p = .036) and as a perpetrator ( F = 3.87, p = .026). In the experimental group, the mean scores for peer competency increased compared to the control group, whereas school violence experience decreased at the posttests. A 12-week program of life skill training offered to children was effective in promoting peer competency and attitudes toward school violence, while decreasing the experience of school violence.

Sleep patterns and their age-related changes in elementary-school children

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 569-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Seok Seo ◽  
Hyung-Mo Sung ◽  
Jong Hun Lee ◽  
Bon Hoon Koo ◽  
Min Ji Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
Sleep Patterns ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes

More Rapid and Stronger Vection in Elementary School Children Compared with Adults

Perception ◽  
10.1068/p7251 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 1399-1402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobu Shirai ◽  
Takeharu Seno ◽  
Sachie Morohashi
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Motion Perception ◽  
School Children ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
Size Difference ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Cumulative Duration ◽  
Self Motion

We compared vection (visually induced illusory self-motion perception) among elementary school children and adults by measuring latency to onset, cumulative duration, and estimated strength of vection. Significantly stronger vection with shorter latency was observed in children compared with adults. Several possible causes (eg size-difference of the effective visual field) of the age-related differences are discussed.

The Child Rating Scale: The Development of a Socioemotional Self-Rating Scale for Elementary School Children

1987 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Dirk Hightower ◽  
Emory L. Cowen ◽  
Arline P. Spinell ◽  
Bohdan S. Lotyczewski ◽  
John C. Guare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Self Rating

Effects of Lightness Contrast and Fundus Pigmentation on Age-Related Decrement in Magnitude of the Mueller-Lyer Illusion

1976 ◽  
Vol 42 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1276-1278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pam Ebert
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Contrast Effect ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
Bimodal Distribution ◽  
Lightness Contrast ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Fundus Pigmentation ◽  
White College

Components of the Mueller-Lyer figure, representing two levels of lightness contrast (1.5 black/ and 7.5 light grey/ each on 9.5 white/ ground) were viewed tachistoscopically for 500 msec. by 65 white elementary school children and 50 white college students. The contrast effect was significant, with black figures yielding a greater illusion than the light grey figures at all age levels. Further, a bimodal distribution of fundus density was evident in both age categories, with more densely pigmented Ss yielding smaller illusions.

scholarly journals A Strategy to Use the Similes in Child's Environment to Teach the Letters in Kindergarten and Elementary School

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 596
Author(s):  
Ali A. Al-Jafar
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Simple Form ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Cultural Experience ◽  
Cooperative Society ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Suggested Strategy ◽  
Age Range

The study suggested a new strategy to teach the letters of Arabic to preschool children using similes from the local environment. It was assumed that the simile embodied the child's cultural experience, being a simple form of the image culture that shaped his or her identity. The study sample included one hundred and two children with an age range between 3 and 6 years, in Kuwait. The author identified the experiences taught in the preschool stage and chose those ones that were related to the cooperative society, and then asked every child to recall a name of anything in the society that begins with one of the twentyeightArabic letters. The author, then, asked every child a question about all the similes that he or she could deduce from the image of the letter, using the experience of "My House" as a model. Based on the similes that were obtained from the children, an integrated story demonstrating all Arabic letters was constructed. Consequently, using the suggested strategy to teach letters to the preschool and elementary school children was recommended. 

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