Games, social exchange and the acquisition of language

1978 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Ratner ◽  
Jerome Bruner
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Free Play ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Play Analysis ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Repetitive Structure ◽  
The Individual

ABSTRACTThe nature of early games and how they might assist the infant in language acquisition were explored in a longitudinal study of two mother–infant dyads, using video-recordings of their free play. Analysis of appearance and disappearance games, in particular, revealed: (1) a restricted format, with a limited number of semantic elements, and a highly constrained set of semantic relations; (2) a clear repetitive structure, which allowed both for anticipation of the order of events and variation of the individual elements; (3) positions for appropriate vocalizations which could in turn be used to mark variations; and (4) the development of reversible role relationships between mother and child.

The achievement and antecedents of labelling

1978 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anat Ninio ◽  
Jerome Bruner
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Picture Book ◽  
Free Play ◽  
Book Reading ◽  
Major Mechanism ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Picture Book Reading

ABSTRACTThe achievement of labelling was investigated in a longitudinal study of one mother–infant dyad, using video-recordings of their free play in a period between 0; 8 and 1; 6. Analysis of joint picture-book reading revealed that this activity had very early on the structure of a dialogue. The child's lexical labels might be regarded as more adult-like substitutes for earlier communicative forms that he had utilized in the dialogue. These were smiling, reaching, pointing and babbling vocalizations, all of which were consistently interpreted by the mother as expressing the child's intention of requesting a label or providing one. Participating in a ritualized dialogue, rather than imitation, was found to be the major mechanism through which labelling was achieved.

Processes in language acquisition: the roles of gender, attention, and maternal encouragement of attention over time

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAN KARRASS ◽  
JULIA M. BRAUNGART-RIEKER ◽  
JENNIFER MULLINS ◽  
JENNIFER BURKE LEFEVER
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Free Play ◽  
Multiple Regressions ◽  
Development Of Language ◽  
Verbal Encouragement ◽  
Attention Level ◽  
Over Time

This longitudinal study including 87 infant–mother dyads examined the relation between infant temperamental attention, maternal encouragement of attention, language, and the effects of gender. At ages 0;4, 0;8, and 1;0, global attention was assessed from Rothbart's (1981) IBQ; manipulative exploration was assessed with the Bayley (1969) IBR; and maternal verbal, visual and physical encouragement of attention were coded from 5 minutes of mother–infant free-play. At 1;0, language was measured using language items from the Bayley Mental Scale and parent-report items from Hendrick, Prather & Tobin's (1984) SICD-Revised. Multiple regressions indicated that gender, infants’ manipulative exploration and maternal physical encouragement of attention at 0;4, and maternal verbal encouragement of attention at 1;0, were all positively related to language at 1;0. Interactions indicated that girls high in 0;8 or 1;0 manipulative exploration had more advanced language skills than girls low in manipulative exploration or than boys, regardless of their attention level. Additionally, maternal verbal encouragement of attention appears to be particularly salient in the development of language for boys.

scholarly journals Impacts of stroke and cognitive impairment on activities of daily living in the Taiwan longitudinal study on aging

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pi-Hsia Lee ◽  
Ting-Ting Yeh ◽  
Hsin-Yen Yen ◽  
Wan-Ling Hsu ◽  
Valeria Jia-Yi Chiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Skill Training ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Stroke Group ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

AbstractStroke and cognitive impairment are common in older population. They often occur together and their combined effects significantly increase disability in both basic (BADLs) and instrumental (IADLs) activities of daily living. We investigated the individual and combined impacts of stroke and cognitive impairment on BADLs and IADLs. A total of 3331 community-dwelling older adults were enrolled from the Taiwan longitudinal study on aging in 2011. Both BADLs and IADLs were analyzed. Combination of stroke and cognitive impairment increased severity of ADL disabilities, but similar prevalence, similar numbers of summed BADL and IADL tasks with disability, and similar levels of difficulty for each BADL and IADL task were found between the stroke group and cognitive impairment group. The former had more difficult in dressing while the latter had more difficult in using the telephone, transport, and managing finances. A hierarchy of ADLs was also observed in all groups. ADL skill training supplemented with cognitive and physical interventions should focus on secondary prevention of dementia and improve motor functional capacity to reduce loss of ADLs.

Intra-individual variation in adults and children: measuring and conceptualizing individual dialect–standard repertoires

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (s2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irmtraud Kaiser ◽  
Andrea Ender
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Individual Variation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Standard Language ◽  
Methodological Choices ◽  
Standard Spectrum ◽  
Speech Data ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

Abstract This paper explores intra-individual variation as a manifestation of language-internal multilingualism in the Central-Bavarian Austrian context. Based on speech data from children and adults in different contexts, we discuss different methods of measuring and analyzing inter-situational variation along the dialect and standard language spectrum. By contrasting measures of dialectality, on the one hand, and proportions of turns in dialect, standard language or intermediate/mixed forms on the other, we gain complementary insights not only into the individual dialect-standard repertoires but also into the consequences of different methodological choices. The results indicate that intra-individual variation is ubiquitous in adults and children and that individual repertoires need to be taken into account from the beginning of the language acquisition process. We suggest that while intra-individual variation can be attested through the use of various methods, the revealed level of granularity and the conclusions that can be drawn as to the individual repertoires on the dialect-standard spectrum largely depend on the measures used and their inherent assumptions and intrinsically necessary categorizations.

Homelessness or Symbolic Castration? Subjectivity, Language Acquisition, and Sociality in Julia Kristeva and Jacques Lacan

Hypatia ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina Schmitz ◽  
Julia Jansen
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Jacques Lacan ◽  
Julia Kristeva ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Patriarchal Society ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Forms Of Violence

How much violence can a society expect its members to accept? A comparison between the language theories of Julia Kristeva and Jacques Lacan is the starting point for answering this question. A look at the early stages of language acquisition exposes the sacrificial logic of patriarchal society. Are those forces that restrict the individual to be conceived in a martial imagery of castration or is it possible that an existing society critically questions those points of socialization that leave their members in a state of homelessness? The following considerations should help to distinguish between unavoidable and avoidable forms of violence.

Audiovisual speech perception and language acquisition in preterm infants: A longitudinal study

2019 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Imafuku ◽  
Masahiko Kawai ◽  
Fusako Niwa ◽  
Yuta Shinya ◽  
Masako Myowa
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Speech Perception ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Audiovisual Speech ◽  
Audiovisual Speech Perception

The individual and health sector costs of asthma: the first year of a longitudinal study in New South Wales

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 429-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Kenny ◽  
Emily Lancsar ◽  
Jane Hall ◽  
Madeleine King ◽  
Meredyth Chaplin
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
First Year ◽  
South Wales ◽  
The Individual

Conceptualizations of responses to stress

1987 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Thomae
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Response Hierarchy

The article presents the concepts and methodologies used in a series of studies on responses to stress in different areas of life and in different age and social groups. The studies described include findings of the Bonn Longitudinal Study of Aging and several studies on reactions to stress, e.g. coping with chronic disease and other distressing life situations. The discussion of the empirical findings presented focuses on the concept of ‘response hierarchy’ and its possibilities for examining consistency in reactions to stress across time and different situations. The data presented emphasize the need for a process‐centred view on stress and responding to stress in the context of a cognitive theory of personality comprehending the individual and her/his world as an undivisible dynamic unit.

scholarly journals A longitudinal study of language acquisition in autistic and down syndrome children

1990 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Tager-Flusberg ◽  
Susan Calkins ◽  
Tina Nolin ◽  
Therese Baumberger ◽  
Marcia Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Language Acquisition
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