Genetic estimates for growth and carcass traits of pigs from closed herds on restricted feeding

1989 ◽  
Vol 1989 ◽  
pp. 15-15
Author(s):  
C.S. Haley ◽  
Y. Gu ◽  
R. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Large White ◽  
Female Progeny ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Substantial Progress ◽  
History Of ◽  
Selection For

The major components of economic performance in pigs - growth rate, feed conversion ratio and carcass merit - have been the targets of selection for a number of years in the closed herds of breeding companies. Over the past 20 years substantial progress has been made for these traits. Declining fatness in closed herds may lead to a decline in the genetic variation for growth and carcass traits, and thus reduced opportunities for selection. This could arise either as genetic variation is exhausted in closed lines, or as physiological selection limits are approached. In this study genetic variation in closed lines with a history of selection for growth and carcass traits was investigated.The data were collected from two closed lines between 1979 and 1985 by the Cotswold Pig Development Company Ltd. The two lines were housed on a single farm in the same environment and had a history of selection based upon an index of growth rate and fat depths. There were 167 sires with 4722 male and 5386 female progeny in line A, a synthetic breed based largely upon the Landrace breed, and 164 sires with 4160 male and 3887 female progeny in line B, derived from the Large White breed.

Influence of energy and protein concentration in the diet on the performance of growing pigs 2. Differing nutrient density at a constant energy: protein ratio

1972 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Lodge ◽  
M. E. Cundy ◽  
R. Cooke ◽  
D. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Large White ◽  
Protein Ratio ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Nutrient Density ◽  
Amino Acid Balance

SUMMARYForty-eight gilts by Landrace sires on Large White × Landrace females were randomly allocated to eight pens and within pens to six treatment groups involving three diets and two levels of feeding from 23 to 59 kg live weight. All diets were formulated to have approximately the same ratio of digestible energy to crude protein (160 kcal DE/unit % CP) but different energy and protein concentrations: (A) 3500 kcal/kg DE and 21 % CP, (B) 3150 kcal/kg DE and 19% CP, and (C) 2800 kcal/kg DE and 17% CP. Amino acid balance was maintained relatively constant with synthetic lysine, methionine and tryptophan. The levels of feeding were such that the lower level of diet A allowed an intake of energy and protein similar to the higher level of diet B, and the lower level of B was similar to the higher level of C.On the lower level of feeding, growth rate, efficiency of feed conversion and carcass fat content increased linearly with each increment in nutrient concentration; on the higher level of feeding growth rate and EFC increased from diet C to B but not from B to A, whereas carcass fat content increased linearly with diet from the lowest to the highest concentration. There was a non-significant tendency for the higher density diets at a similar level of nutrient intake to give better EFC and fatter carcasses than the lower density diets.

Genetic parameters and responses to selection for pre-weaning growth in suffolk and texel sheep

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 ◽  
pp. 48-48
Author(s):  
I.W. Purvis ◽  
J.P. Hanrahan
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Gain ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Genetic Trend ◽  
Breeding Objective ◽  
Selection For

In order to evaluate genetic gain in populations under selection it is necessary to be able to partition the observed response into genetic and environmental components. This requires estimates of the appropriate genetic and environmental (co)variances unless appropriate genetic controls are available. Growth rate is an important component of the breeding objective for sheep breeds used as terminal sires and, whereas older estimates of the contribution of genetic variation to differences in preweaning growth indicated heritabilities of the order of 0.1, more recent studies have indicated considerably higher values. The present report concerns analyses of preweaning growth data on purebred Suffolk and Texel sheep to estimate genetic parameters for preweaning growth traits and genetic trend in growth rate from birth to weaning.

Mapping genes for growth rate and fatness in a Large White x Meishan F2 pig population

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 7-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.A. Walling ◽  
A.L Archibald ◽  
P.M. Visscher ◽  
C.S. Haley
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Large White ◽  
Backcross Population ◽  
Livestock Species ◽  
Reproduction Traits

DNA-based markers and genetic maps of major livestock species have been developed in the last few years. These, together with experimental populations and appropriate statistical methods, provide the tools to dissect causes of economically important genetic variation in livestock. A cross between genetically diverse lines is a powerful experimental design for such a study. In an F2 or backcross population from such a cross, markers are likely to be highly informative and the genes that control the differences between the lines will be segregating. We have been developing such a resource population based on a cross between the British Large White and Chinese Meishan pigs. These breeds differ for many traits, with the Meishan being inferior for growth rate and fatness, but superior for reproduction traits. Here we report the mapping of major genetic effects on growth rate and fatness in our cross.

Consequences of selection for growth and heat resistance on growth, feed conversion efficiency, commercial carcass traits and meat quality of Zebu crossbred cattle

1991 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 1373 ◽  
Author(s):  
HM Burrow ◽  
HM Burrow ◽  
B Gulbransen ◽  
B Gulbransen ◽  
SK Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Control Line ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Selection For

Thirty-five steers and 37 heifers were grown at pasture and finished in a feedlot to meet Australian domestic market specifications, i.e. 160-200 kg carcass weight with 5-9 mm subcutaneous fat at the P8 rump site. The animals were from lines that had been selected for either high growth rate to 600 days (UPWT) or for low rectal temperature under conditions of high ambient temperatures (TEMP) and from a control line (CONT). They were slaughtered in six groups at fortnightly intervals when liveweight of individuals was estimated to satisfy market requirements. Animals from the UPWT line were heavier at all ages than animals from the TEMP and CONT lines (P< 0.05) and had higher liveweight gains at pasture (P < 0.01). There was no difference between the lines in liveweight gains in the feedlot. At the same carcass weight, UPM animals had leaner carcasses (P < 0.01) but similar levels of marbling to CONT line animals. TEMP line animals were also leaner than CONT line animals (P < 0.0l ) , but had more marbling (P<0.01). There was no significant difference between lines in feed conversion efficiency. Steers were heavier (P < 0.001) than heifers at all ages, grew faster (P < 0.001) except during the immediate post-castration period, had higher feed intakes (P < 0.05) but better feed conversion efficiencies (P < 0.05), and at the same carcass weight were leaner (P < 0-01) and had less marbling (P < 0.05). Meat colour, cooking loss, ultimate pH and meat tenderness did not differ significantly between lines or sexes. These results are discussed with reference to the use of selection for growth or heat resistance to improve growth and carcass traits of beef herds in tropical areas.

Responses in gilt post-farrowing traits and pre-weaning piglet growth to divergent selection for components of efficient lean growth rate

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 17-17
Author(s):  
J. C. Kerr ◽  
N. D. Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Divergent Selection ◽  
Large White ◽  
Lean Growth ◽  
Fixed Weight ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Piglet Growth

Responses in sow traits at farrowing and during lactation and in pre-weaning piglet growth rate were determined in a population of Large White pigs, after seven generations of divergent selection for components of efficient lean growth rate. Information on the factors influencing preweaning piglet growth rate is required for a comprehensive evaluation of alternative selection strategies.There were four selection groups: daily food intake (DFI), lean food conversion (LFC), lean growth rate (LGA) on ad-libitum feeding and lean growth rate on scale feeding (LGS). There were 242 gilts in the study, with 20 gilts in the high, low and control lines of each selection group. Pigs in the ad-libitum selection groups were performance tested over a fixed weight range of 30 to 85 kg. Pigs fed on scale feeding were performance tested for a fixed time period of 84 days from 30 kg with food intake equal to 0.75 g/g of daily ad-libitum food intake. Matings were unsupervised and took place in outside paddocks.

Genetic and phenotypic relationships between performance test and reproduction traits in pigs selected for components of efficient lean growth rate

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 ◽  
pp. 9-9
Author(s):  
J. C. Kerr ◽  
N. D. Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Divergent Selection ◽  
Large White ◽  
Selection Strategies ◽  
Lean Growth ◽  
Reproduction Traits ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Selection For

Genetic and phenotypic relationships between performance test and reproduction traits were estimated in a population of Large White pigs, after five generations of divergent selection for components of efficient lean growth rate. The parameters are required to evaluate alternative selection strategies in pig breeding programmes.

scholarly journals 7. Associations between Polymorphisms in the DIO3 Gene and Reproductive Traits and Carcass Performance in Pigs

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-413
Author(s):  
Maria Oczkowicz ◽  
Anna Dunkowska ◽  
Katarzyna Piórkowska ◽  
Aurelia Mucha ◽  
Mirosław Tyra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Study ◽  
Candidate Gene ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Large White ◽  
The Third ◽  
Large White Breed ◽  
Population Average ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Carcass Performance

Abstract Recently, DIO3 gene has been proposed as a candidate gene for litter size in pigs. Moreover, it was shown that polymorphism in this gene is associated with carcass traits. In this study we identified several SNPs within coding sequence of DIO3 by HRM method and performed association study between two polymorphisms and reproductive and carcass traits in pigs bred in Poland. Analysis of 350 pigs of Landrace and Large White breed revealed several significant associations for rs80999359, like period between the second and third parities (2IP)(P<0.0008) in the whole population, period between the third and fourth parities (3IP) (P<0.022), number of piglets born alive (L3NBA) (P<0.0084) and number of piglets at 21 days (L3NB21d) (P<0.0176) at the third parity in Large White as well as period between the second and third parities (2IP) (P<0.0012) in Landrace breed. The second polymorphism (rs80983654) was associated with 1IP (P<0.0218), number of piglets born alive at the fourth parity (L4NBA, P<0.027), number of piglets at 21 day at the fourth litter (L4NB21d, P<0.01), in the whole population, average number of piglets born alive (ANBA, P<0.01250), average number of piglets at 21 day (ANB21d, P<0.009), average interparity period (AIP, P<0.016), age at the first parity (1AP, P<0.003), (1IP, P<0.001, L4NBA, P<0.017, L4NB21d, P<0.005) in Large White breed. In contrast, we have found only few associations between DIO3 polymorphisms and carcass traits. rs80999359 was associated with backfat thickness (p<0.01) while rs80983654 with the weight of ham. Our results suggest that polymorphisms within DIO3 gene may be associated with reproductive traits.

The use of moist barley in diets for growing pigs

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Livingstone ◽  
D. M. S. Livingston
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Large White ◽  
Large White Breed ◽  
White Breed

SUMMARYA total of 156 pigs of the Large White breed were used in a series of four experiments to test the suitability of barley which had been stored with a high moisture content as an ingredient in the diets of growing pigs. Barleys with mean moisture contents of 26·3%, 28·1% and 21·2% and a range from 19·6% to 30·5%, from three successive harvests were used.In all the trials there was evidence that the use of moist barley in diets for growing pigs had an adverse effect on live-weight gain and feed conversion ratio, the effect being independent of whether feed intakes were equated on the basis of the dry-matter content of the diets. In one of the experiments performance was depressed to the extent of causing changes in carcass characteristics. The performance of pigs given rolled barley was similar to that of others given ground barley.

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