The selection of winter wheat varieties for whole-crop cereal conservation

1993 ◽  
Vol 1993 ◽  
pp. 136-136
Author(s):  
R.F. Weller ◽  
A. Cooper ◽  
R.H. Phipps
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Forage Maize ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Present Trial ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties ◽  
Selection Of

Interest in conserving whole-crop cereals as a complementary forage for feeding with grass silage has increased sharply in recent years. In many areas of the UK conserving whole-crop cereals is a viable alternative to forage maize, providing extra forage when the available stocks of grass silage are either low or of moderate quality. Although winter wheat is the main cereal used for forage conservation little information is available on the differences between varieties in either yield or quality.The aims of the present trial were to determine the changes in the yield and quality of winter wheat varieties harvested at different stages of maturity.

scholarly journals Improving the yield and quality of winter wheat during autumn herbicide cultivation

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (8) ◽  
pp. 98-103
Author(s):  
V. Moisiienko ◽  
◽  
O. Nazarchyk ◽  
M. Ishchenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Herbicide Treatment ◽  
Selection Of

The main condition for growing winter wheat is the observance of proper agricultural techniques and the creation of conditions for high agricultural culture. Improving the technology in modern conditions of grain production requires knowledge of phenological and morphological features of plants, selection of adaptive varieties, means of protection of crops from harmful objects, especially weeds and avoidance of negative impact on the environment. The aim of the research was to identify the effectiveness of autumn and spring herbicide treatments on the yield and quality of winter wheat. Wheat varieties Meskal and Palyanytsia were used for these studies. We found that the term of herbicide treatment significantly affects the weediness of crops, crop formation and grain quality. Autumn herbicide treatment of winter wheat crops with Marathon, simultaneous application of 150 kg/ha of diammophos and double fertilization of plants with ammonium nitrate contributes to obtaining in the conditions of sod-podzolic sandy soils grain yields of varieties Meskal and Palyanytsia at level of 4,8–5,0 t/ha. We found that in areas not treated with herbicides, the number of weeds increased from 80 to 130 pcs/m2. The application of the herbicide Marathon (4 l/ha) in autumn ensured a reduction in the number of weeds in winter wheat crops from 86–90 pcs/m2 to 8–10 pcs /m2. Spring application of this herbicide was less effective and weed rates in these areas decreased from 100–110 pcs/m2 to 24-27 pcs/m2. Spring application of Prima herbicide (0.5 l/ha) on wheat crops showed the worst weed numbers (30–32 pcs/m2). During the autumn treatment with the herbicide Marathon, the number of productive stems was the largest: in the variety Mescal – 553 pcs/m2, and in the variety Palyanytsia – 560 pcs/m2. Reducing the weediness of winter wheat crops not only affected the number of productive stems, but also significantly improved grain quality.

Influence of previous crops on the productivity of winter wheat varieties

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-92
Author(s):  
A. A. Makarov ◽  
N. I. Mamsirov
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Experimental Scheme ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

In order to realize the maximum potential parameters of winter wheat productivity, it is necessary, first of all, to use high-yielding varieties with optimal quality indicators of grain, as well as progressive agricultural technologies aimed at obtaining a stable crop yield. Winter wheat places high demands on its previous crops. Insufficient amount of productive moisture in the soil or its extremely low reserves affects the yield, and consequently, the quality of winter wheat grain according to unpaired predecessors. Moreover, dry autumn during the sowing period leads to its delay, which is the reason for obtaining uneven and weak seedlings. In this regard, studies have been carried out to study and assess the influence of predecessors on the agrocenosis, yield and grain quality of promising varieties of Adel, Grom, Tanya winter wheat. According to the experimental scheme, peas, corn for silage and sunflower have been identified as the preceding crops for winter wheat. Agrotechnology in experience is generally accepted for the foothill zone of the Republic of Adygea. The results of the research made it possible to identify the most optimal of the considered predecessors in the cultivation of winter wheat, capable of providing stable yields with high quality grain. Certain differences in the photosynthetic activity of the studied winter wheat varieties for different predecessors have been noted. It has been found that the leaf area of winter wheat varieties is in the range of 30,0–33,5 thousand m2/ha. The highest dry matter content in the range of 4,9–5,0 t/ha is observed in the Grom variety, and the predecessor is peas. The largest number of grains in an ear for three previous crops is 40–43 pcs / ear for peas. It also had a fairly significant effect on the weight of 1000 grains and the grain yield of winter wheat. For example, the weight of 1000 grains of the most productive Thunder variety varied from 40,1 to 41,6 gm, depending on the previous crop. According to the results of the experiments, the highest grain yield of winter wheat within the range of 5,3 t/ha has been noted for the Grom variety when cultivated for peas. The smallest grain yield in the range of 3,8–3,9 t/ha is typical for all studied varieties of winter wheat, namely, according to the cultivated predecessor – sunflower.

scholarly journals Analysis of grain yield and flour quality of some winter wheat varieties in the 2020 production

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 253-262
Author(s):  
Nenad Đurić ◽  
Vojin Cvijanović ◽  
Dobrivoj Poštić ◽  
Gordana Branković ◽  
Vera Rajičić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Flour Quality ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

Pšenica, je tijekom cijele ljudske civilizacije bila bazni i vitalni sastojak svakodnevne ishrane ljudi i domaćih životinja. U Republici Srbiji posljednjih nekoliko godina izražena je traženost sorti pšenice, koje pored visokog i stabilnog prinosa imaju i dobre parametre kvalitete brašna. U provedenim istraživanjima u 2019/2020. godini sorta s najstabilnijim prinosom i dobrom kvalitetom zrna pokazala se sorta Nogal. Ova sorta ima visok sadržaj kvalitetnih proteina, a analogno tome je i visok sadržaj glutena, ali i kvaliteta, što su potvrdila reološka mjerenja. Ostvareni visoki prinosi zrna ispitivanih sorata pšenice jesu rezultat interakcije genetičkog potencijala ispitivanih sorata pšenice i primjene dobre agrotehnike u uvjetima kada raspored padalina u tijeku vegetacijske sezone, od momenta sjetve, pa do žetve nije pogodovao proizvodnji pšenice. Istraživanja su pokazala da se sorte Talas, Pobeda i Nogal mogu svrstati u kvalitetnu grupu A2, odnosno to su sorte dobre kvalitete brašna i hljeba i kao takve spadaju u grupu poboljšivača. Sorte Merkur, Imperija, Ratarica i Vizantija svrstane su u kvalitetnu grupu B1 tj. one su dobre hljebne sorte. Sorta NS 40 S svrstana je u kvalitetnu grupu B2.

scholarly journals Transgressive variability in the number of ears of the main spike in F2 populations when crossing soft winter wheat varieties of different early maturity.

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (99) ◽  
pp. 189-206
Author(s):  
H. L. Ustinova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Population Number ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Positive Degree ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties ◽  
Selection Of

Aim. Determination of the degree and frequency of positive transgressions by the number of ears of the main spike in F2 populations created by crossing varieties of soft winter wheat of different maturity depending on the hydrothermal conditions of the year and selection of economically valuable biotypes for subsequent breeding work. Methods. Field, laboratory, mathematical and statistical. Results. In the majority of F2 populations, created by hybridization of soft winter wheat varieties of different vegetation periods, a significant form-making process took place in terms of the number of spikelets in the main spike. The experimental data obtained indicate a significant effect of matched pairs before hybridization and hydrothermal conditions of the year on the manifestation and formation of the number of spikelet’s in an ear F2. So, under the conditions of 2019, the majority of F2 populations for the number of spikelet’s in the main spike (17.4–21.5 pcs.) Significantly exceeded the parental forms. A positive degree (Td = 5.3–33.3 %) and the frequency of transgression (Tf = 3.3–96.7 %) were found in 85.7 % of the populations. In 2020, the average population number of spikelets in the main spike (15.0–18.6 pcs.) Was significantly less. When used in hybridization of early maturing varieties by the parent form, the decrease in the number of spikelets was 0.5–19.9 %. At the same time, for crossing mid-early, mid-ripening and mid-late varieties, the number of spikelets decreased by 2.8–28.9 %. Thus, it can be argued that populations in which early maturing varieties were the maternal form are less exposed to unfavorable conditions of the year. A positive degree (Td = 5.3–38.9 %) and the frequency of recombinants (Tf = 3.3–46.7 %), under the conditions of 2020, was established in 35 out of 42 F2 populations, which amounted to 83.3 %. Conclusions. The use of winter wheat varieties of different early maturity in hybridization in most cases contributes to the formation of F2 in populations and the selection of positive transgressive biotypes by the number of spikelets in the main spike. Conducted studies have established a significant effect of the parental forms used in hybridization and the hydrothermal conditions of the year on the formation of the number of spikelets in the main spike in F2 populations of soft winter wheat. Populations where the early maturing varieties were the maternal form are characterized by a more stable manifestation of the number of spikelets in the main spike. The decrease in the number of spikelets in 2020 compared to 2019 was 0.5–19.9 % for 2.8–28.9 % in populations obtained by hybridization of mid-early, mid-ripening and mid-late varieties. In years with contrasting hydrothermal conditions, hybrid populations F2 were identified, which formed more than the average F2 number of spikelets in the main spike and had high rates of the degree and frequency of positive transgressions, namely: Mironovskaya early / Kolchuga; Kolchuga / Stolichnaya; Shchedraia niva / Vidrada; Antonovka / Stolichnaya.

scholarly journals ВПЛИВ ПОПЕРЕДНИКІВ НА ЯКІСТЬ ЗЕРНА ПШЕНИЦІ ОЗИМОЇ ЗАЛЕЖНО ВІД СОРТОВИХ ВЛАСТИВОСТЕЙ

2012 ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
Г. П. Жемела ◽  
А. О. Курочка
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

Розглянуто вплив попередників на якість зернарізних за біологічними властивостями сортів пше-ниці м,якої озимої. Найвищі показники вмісту білкав зерні були в сортів Землячка й Володарка. Вста-новлено, що найкращими попередниками для пше-ниці озимої є горох та однорічні бобові трави.Кращі показники якості зерна отримані в сортівЗемлячка й Володарка. Вміст клейковини в зернінаведених вище сортів відповідає рівневі сильнихпшениць. Якість клейковини в зерні відповідаєдругій і третій групам. The predecessors’ influence upon the grain quality of differentsoft winter wheat varieties according to biological properties isexamined. The varieties Zemlyachka and Volodarka had highindices of protein content. It is established that pea and annuallegume glass were the best predecessors. The varietiesZemlyachka and Volodarka had the best indices of grainquality.

scholarly journals Comparison of the alveographic qualification and the baking quality of winter wheat

2007 ◽  
pp. 294-302
Author(s):  
Árpád Tóth ◽  
Péter Sipos ◽  
Mária Borbély ◽  
Zoltán Győri
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Baking Quality ◽  
L Value ◽  
The University ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties ◽  
Research Institute

On the basis of the operative French regulations, we qualified the alveographic qualification and the valorigraphic qualification respectively for each of the 10-14 winter wheat varieties grown each year between 2002-2005, and used in a field experiment at the Karcag Research Institute of the University of Debrecen. The field experiment at the Látókép Research Institute of the University of Debrecen allowed us to examine the alveographic and valorigraphic values of the samples of GK Öthalom and Fatima 2 winter wheat varieties taken from an 8 year period (1997-1999 and 2001-2005).Throughout the experiments on samples from the Karcag Research Institute and Látókép Research Institute of the University of Debrecen, we tried to find whether the alveographic W value or the P/L value provides the safer method for the qualification of wheat samples, instead of the qualification commonly used in Hungary. We found that in terms of the samples from the Karcag Research Institute, the baking quality and the W value in each of the examined years, while in terms of the Látókép Research Institute, most of the years showed a close positive correlation, contrary to the close negative relationship between the baking quality and the P/L value. The correlation index varied depending on the year, the variety, and fertilizer doses, which require further examinations.

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