Methane production in cattle and sheep fed grass silage plus a barley based concentrate

1994 ◽  
Vol 1994 ◽  
pp. 126-126
Author(s):  
C.J. Newbold ◽  
A.R. Moss ◽  
G.S. Mollinson
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Cattle And Sheep

Increasing concern over the role of greenhouse gases in global warming has lead to a renewed interest in the production of methane by ruminants. Sheep are routinely used to study digestibility, however their use as a model to study methane production by cattle has received only limited attention (Blaxter and Wainman, 1964). The objective of the current study was to establish whether differences in methane production exist between sheep and cattle and to measure the magnitude of these differences under various dietary situations.

The use of sheep to predict methane production by cattle fed grass silage based rations

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 ◽  
pp. 82-82
Author(s):  
C. J. Newbold ◽  
A.R. Moss ◽  
G.S. Mollinson ◽  
C.G Harbron
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Grass Silage

Increasing concern over the role of greenhouse gases in global warming has led to a renewed interest in models for predicting methane production in ruminants. For economic reasons it would be preferable if such models could be derived from data obtained in smaller ruminants. The objective of this project is to establish whether differences in methane production exist between sheep and cattle and to measure the magnitude of these differences under various dietary situations.

The effect of dietary fat on methane production in sheep and cattle

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 182-182
Author(s):  
C. J. Newbold ◽  
A. R. Moss ◽  
G. S. Mollinson
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Dietary Lipids ◽  
Evaluating Methods ◽  
Viable Model

Increasing concern over the role of greenhouse gases in global warming has led to a renewed interest in models for predicting methane production in ruminants. We have previously shown that data generated in sheep may be of limited use in predicting the effect of diet on absolute methane production by cattle (Newbold et al., 1995). However, sheep may still be a viable model for evaluating methods of reducing methane production by cattle. As dietary lipids may inhibit ruminal methanogenesis (Moss, 1993), we have now compared the effect of coconut and linseed oil on methane production by both sheep and cattle.

scholarly journals Climate Change and Aerosol Sciences

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Kehan Li
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Environmental Policies ◽  
Modern Times

Climate change is of great importance in modern times and global warming is considered as a significant part of climate change. It is proved that human’s emissions such as greenhouse gases are one of the main sources of global warming (IPCC, 2018). Apart from greenhouse gases, there is another kind of matter being released in quantity via emissions from industries and transportations and playing an important role in global warming, which is aerosol. However, atmospheric aerosols have the net effect of cooling towards global warming. In this paper, climate change with respect to global warming is briefly introduced and the role of aerosols in the atmosphere is emphasized. Besides, properties of aerosols including dynamics and thermodynamics of aerosols as well as interactions with solar radiation are concluded. In the end, environmental policies and solutions are discussed. Keywords: Climate change, Global warming, Atmospheric aerosols, Particulate matter, Radiation, Environmental policy.

Methane Cycling and Climate

2019 ◽  
pp. 159-175
Author(s):  
Han Dolman
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Global Warming Potential ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Soil Matrix ◽  
Sources And Sinks ◽  
Anthropogenic Perturbation

The chapter describes the mechanisms by which methane is produced in anaerobic environments. Various methane sources and sinks, both natural (e.g. wetlands) and anthropogenic (e.g. landfills, agriculture, fires), are described. The decomposition of organic material in the soil is described as a continuum within the soil matrix, rather than a separation into labile and stable pools. The different pathways of methane production under anaerobic conditions—the acetate pathway and the hydrogen pathway—are described. The roles of wetlands, water bodies, permafrost and clathrate in storing and emitting methane are elucidated. At the geological scale, the chapter discusses the role of methane as a greenhouse gas in providing a habitable climate under a fainter sun (the faint sun paradox), in glacial–interglacial transitions and in the current anthropogenic perturbation. Future methane emissions, global warming potential and the sensitivity of the important methane stores to climate change are also discussed.

scholarly journals The Benefits of Supplementary Fat in Feed Rations for Ruminants with Particular Focus on Reducing Levels of Methane Production

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Rasmussen ◽  
A. Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Production Data ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Cattle And Sheep

Methane (CH4), a highly potent greenhouse gas, has repeatedly been identified as a significant contributor to global warming. In this connection, ruminants, animals that produce large quantities of methane, have been singled out as an area for reduction with regard to their emissions to the atmosphere. In an analysis of recently published data, we identify the underlying mechanisms of methane production in ruminants and focus on the efficacy of different fat sources in terms of their ability to reduce methane production. Specific attention has been placed on in vivo studies involving cattle and sheep, as well as studies based on a large number of animals (>10), recorded over a longer period (>21 days), and employing reliable techniques for the quantification of methane production. Data clearly indicate that supplementary fat, given to ruminants inhibits methane production, with medium-chain fatty acids (laurin, myristic acid) as well as poly-unsaturated fatty acids (linoleic and especially linolenic acid) having a significant effect. It is also apparent that conflicting findings between individual published trials can largely be resolved when one takes into consideration differences in experimental design, the composition of the basic feeds, the fat sources used, and the number of animals involved.

scholarly journals Climate Change and Aerosol Sciences

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Kehan Li
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Environmental Policies ◽  
Modern Times

Climate change is of great importance in modern times and global warming is considered as a significant part of climate change. It is proved that human’s emissions such as greenhouse gases are one of the main sources of global warming (IPCC, 2018). Apart from greenhouse gases, there is another kind of matter being released in quantity via emissions from industries and transportations and playing an important role in global warming, which is aerosol. However, atmospheric aerosols have the net effect of cooling towards global warming. In this paper, climate change with respect to global warming is briefly introduced and the role of aerosols in the atmosphere is emphasized. Besides, properties of aerosols including dynamics and thermodynamics of aerosols as well as interactions with solar radiation are concluded. In the end, environmental policies and solutions are discussed. Keywords: Climate change, Global warming, Atmospheric aerosols, Particulate matter, Radiation, Environmental policy.

Global Warming and Its Multiple Causes

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Romdhane Ben Slama
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Greenhouse Effect ◽  
Infrared Radiation ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The One ◽  
Heat Released ◽  
Emission Of Greenhouse Gases

The global warming which preoccupies humanity, is still considered to be linked to a single cause which is the emission of greenhouse gases, CO2 in particular. In this article, we try to show that, on the one hand, the greenhouse effect (the radiative imprisonment to use the scientific term) took place in conjunction with the infrared radiation emitted by the earth. The surplus of CO2 due to the combustion of fossil fuels, but also the surplus of infrared emissions from artificialized soils contribute together or each separately,  to the imbalance of the natural greenhouse effect and the trend of global warming. In addition, another actor acting directly and instantaneously on the warming of the ambient air is the heat released by fossil fuels estimated at 17415.1010 kWh / year inducing a rise in temperature of 0.122 ° C, or 12.2 ° C / century.

Adoption of improved cassava varieties in Nigeria: Insights from DNA fingerprinting versus self-reporting varietal identification approaches

2021 ◽  
pp. 003072702199003
Author(s):  
Patience Ifeyinwa Opata ◽  
Oguejiofor Joseph Okorie ◽  
Juliana Chinasa Iwuchukwu ◽  
Chukwuma Otum Ume ◽  
Oyakhilomen Oyinbo
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Adoption Studies ◽  
Hidden Hunger ◽  
Varietal Identification ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Cassava Varieties

Much of the empirical studies on crop varietal adoption in Sub-Saharan Africa relied on self-reported adoption in farm-household surveys, which is prone to measurement errors. In addition, farmers’ perceptions of consumption-related varietal traits in adoption studies has received limited attention compared with production-related traits. Using DNA-based and self-reported adoption measures, we analyze the adoption of improved cassava varieties (ICVs) with a focus on the extent of varietal misidentification, the sensitivity of the drivers of adoption to varietal misidentification and the role of farmers’ perceptions of biofortification trait in adoption decisions. We find that the adoption rate of ICVs is relatively high using both DNA-based and self-reported adoption measures, but there is notable misclassification in varietal adoption. We find that the mismatch in DNA-based and self-reported adoption measures leads to some variation in the factors that influence the likelihood and intensity of adoption of ICVs. This suggests that appropriate varietal identification helps in better understanding of the drivers of adoption. In addition, we find that despite the observed varietal misclassification, farmers’ perceptions of biofortification trait is significantly correlated with the probability and intensity of adoption of ICVs using both DNA-based and self-reported varietal identification. This suggests that inclusion of biofortification trait in cassava matters for both the likelihood and extent of adoption of ICVs. The latter lends credence to the emerging policy interests in breeding programs for biofortified crops to address hidden hunger in Nigeria.

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