Earth Satellites

1959 ◽  
Vol 63 (583) ◽  
pp. 394-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Time Scale ◽  
Space Travel ◽  
The Past ◽  
Scientific Exploration ◽  
Engineering Problems ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Selection Of

So much has been written, both of fact and fancy, about satellites and space travel in the past few years that the selection of material suitable for presentation to the members of a learned Society concerned mainly with purely aeronautical matters is a hazardous and difficult task. I propose in this paper to tackle it by restricting the subject severely to a description of the general characteristics of near earth satellites and the scientific exploration made possible by their use as observing platforms. The later sections of the paper have a bearing on the possibilities and engineering problems of space probes and space travel; I leave it to others to speculate on the likely time scale and types of such activities and attempt instead to make sure that the basic factors involved are made reasonably clear. To set the background it is important to review briefly the actual practical achievements up to the present time.

Introductory remarks

1977 ◽  
Vol 280 (972) ◽  
pp. 105-105
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Change ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Climatic Fluctuations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Different Sources

In the last year or two there has been a remarkable increase in the interest, both popular and scientific, in the subject of climatic change. This stems from a recognition that even a highly technological society is vulnerable to the effects of climatic fluctuations and indeed may become more so, as margins of surplus food production are reduced, and nations become more interdependent for their food supply. In this respect our concern is with quite small changes - a degree (Celsius) or less in temperature and 10 % or so in rainfall. Probably we may discount some of the more alarmist suggestions of an imminent and rapid change towards near glacial conditions as these are based on very sketchy evidence. However, whatever the time-scale of climatic fluctuations with which we are concerned, we may hope to learn a great deal which is relevant to the factors which will control our future climate from the study of its more extreme vagaries in the past. Information relevant to the weather in such extreme periods is coming forward in increasing detail and volume from a wide range of disciplines. The variety of the evidence, its lack of precision as a strict measure of climate, and the number of different sources all make it difficult for an individual to build up a clear picture of past climates. However such a picture is needed, if explanations and interpretation are to be possible. Ideally one would need a synchronous picture of the climate of the whole world at selected epochs in the past. Various international programmes are directed to forming such pictures.

‘Tree and flower and leaf and grass’: anachronism and J.R.R. Tolkien’s botanical semiotics

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-92
Author(s):  
Lynn Forest-Hill
Keyword(s):  
Lord Of The Rings ◽  
The Past ◽  
Literary Theories ◽  
Critical Attention ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Selection Of

Tolkien’s use of plants in his works has, over many years, been the subject of limited critical attention in spite of the diversity and complexity of that use. This paper examines a selection of Tolkien’s best-known botanical references from the perspectives of various literary theories, to reveal the significance of anachronism in The Lord of the Rings. This in turn highlights the levels and forms of interpenetration by the past into the present of Middle-earth. Although the past is explicit throughout the work, attention to plants associated with specific characters and events reveals a subtext of anxiety in which the past is constructed variously as a threat, a cause or a remedy, according to the familiar, mythic, ethical or symbolic connotations of the plants depicted within the framework of Middle-earth.

The Multiple Criterion Technique of Subjective Appraisal

1950 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Hopkinson
Keyword(s):  
Functional Relationship ◽  
The Past ◽  
Radar Echoes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Discomfort Glare ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Visual Problems ◽  
Theoretical Import ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Made In

A technique is described by which, the quantitative connection between physical aspects of a stimulus situation and subjective aspects of the perceptual response may be conveniently and reliably determined. The subject is given control of one of the significant physical variables such, for instance, as brightness, and is asked to set this variable to correspond In turn with a limited number of defined criteria relating to a subjective variable such as glare-discomfort It is found that each criterion acts as a check upon judgments made in terms of the others, so that the scatter of the control settings Is less than when a single criterion is used The functional relationship between the physical and the subjective variable can be estimated, and provided care Is taken in the design of the experiment and In the selection of observers, consistent results are obtained. This technique has been applied during the past ten years to a wide range of visual problems which Include those of the visibility of radar echoes, the visibility of street-lighting from the air, discomfort-glare and ease of reading. It Is thought that It might find wide application not only in applied Psychological work but in the investigation of problems of theoretical import.

The Limits of Free Will

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Russell
Keyword(s):  
Moral Responsibility ◽  
Free Will ◽  
Moral Psychology ◽  
Practical Reason ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Moral Capacity ◽  
Selection Of

This volume contains a selection of chapters concerning free will and moral responsibility. The problems arising in this field of philosophy, which are deeply rooted in the history of the subject, are also intimately related to a wide range of other fields, such as law and criminology, moral psychology, theology, and, more recently, neuroscience. The chapters included in this collection were written and first published over a period of three decades, although most have appeared in the past decade or so. During this period this area of philosophy has been particularly active and it continues to attract a great deal of interest and attention. Among the topics covered, as they relate to these problems, are the challenge of skepticism; moral sentiment and moral capacity; necessity and the metaphysics of causation; practical reason; free will and art; fatalism and the limits of agency; and our metaphysical attitudes of optimism and pessimism.

scholarly journals The repudiation of representation in Plato's Republic and its repercussions

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 53-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Osborne
Keyword(s):  
Ninth Century ◽  
Fourth Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Church ◽  
Selection Of

This paper surveys a selection of texts from the fourth century B.C. to the ninth century A.D. and considers the continuing repercussions of Plato's famous attack on art for the present as well as the past. I propose to treat the subject in five sections:1. A brief consideration of the iconoclast controversy of the eighth and ninth centuries A.D., to highlight the theory behind the iconoclasts' rejection of pictorial art from the Church (and effectively from society).2. A general discussion of Plato's apparently iconoclastic argument in Republic 10, to suggest that it too, like the later iconoclasm, was rejecting certain implicit claims made about the value of representation as such.3. A closer analysis of the arguments in Republic 10 to clarify precisely what theories of art are vulnerable to them.4. A survey of some subsequent defences of art on the basis that it imitates nature, to show that Plato was right to say that a defence on those lines would not make art sufficiently important to justify the place we accord it in society (or the Church).

I—The Dynamics of Space Flight

1950 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-364
Author(s):  
A. C. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Space Flight ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
Space Travel ◽  
Practical Point ◽  
Engineering Problems ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Interplanetary Navigation

It might reasonably be considered that any discussion of interplanetary navigation at the present moment is slightly premature. So of course it is, from the practical point of view, since no well-informed person seriously imagines that space-travel will be possible for at least twenty or thirty years, despite the colossal efforts which are now being devoted (unfortunately for quite other purposes) to the solution of its engineering problems. Nevertheless the subject is one of peculiar fascination—which is a completely sufficient excuse for discussing it—and the navigation of guided missiles into astronomical space, which will precede the manned exploration of the planets, has of course already begun and will continue on an ever-increasing scale during the next decades.

Engineering Problems Associated with the Improvement of Temperature and Humidity Conditions of the Atmosphere in Mines at Great Depths

1938 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-235
Author(s):  
J. H. Dobson ◽  
W. J. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
The Past ◽  
Great Economic Importance ◽  
Engineering Problems ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Cooling Media

The subject is very complex and a great deal of research has been devoted to it on account of its great economic importance. The magnitude of the problems involved is shown by reviewing underground conditions on the Witwatersrand goldfields. Consideration of the limiting air conditions underground enables a specified mine-cooling problem to be enunciated. The final section of the paper reviews the various methods that have been tried for cooling the air in deep mines; some have been wholly or partially given up and some have survived. In particular, the possibilities of meeting requirements on a large scale have been analysed. Reference is made to cooling schemes which have been inaugurated on the Witwatersrand goldfields during the past two or three years. An analysis sets forth the relative merits of water, brine, and air as media for cooling deep mines, and a comparison of cooling plant performances and costs is made on the basis of: (1) vapour refrigerating plants on the surface and underground, using air and water respectively as cooling media, and (2) compressed air refrigeration.

scholarly journals La ricezione delle opere di Giorgio Bassani in Slovenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 309-316
Author(s):  
Irena Prosenc
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Global Strategy ◽  
Film Adaptation ◽  
The Novel ◽  
World War ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Selection Of

The article examines the reception of Giorgio Bassani’s works in Slovenia. The current state of translations of Bassani’s works into Slovene is characteristic of the availability of Slovene editions of Italian authors, which often seems desultory despite the relatively high number of literary translations from Italian published after World War II. In the past, the translations were typically published later than the original texts and without a global strategy. This situation partly persists to the present day: whilst the translations of some authors are sufficiently present, others continue to be absent, which is probably due to the limitations of the Slovene book market. As few as three of Bassani’s texts have been translated into Slovene, namely the novel Il giardino dei Finzi-Contini (1978), translated by Stabej, excerpts from the short story Una lapide in via Mazzini (1994), translated by Ožbot, and a selection of poems from In rima e senza (2008), translated by Dekleva. Il giardino dei Finzi-Contini, the only text to have been translated in an unabridged version, was also the subject of linguistic research by Miklič and Premrl. Whilst no doubt interesting for specialists, the results of their research most likely did not reach a wider public. Even though the translation of Bassani’s novel was followed by the release of the film adaptation, whilst the poetry collection received critical acclaim, Bassani remains a relatively little-known author in Slovenia to this day. Moreover, as many as thirteen years have passed since the publication of the last translation.

Teaching Comparative Industrial Relations: Continuity and Change

1999 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 612-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janis Bailey ◽  
Patricia Todd
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Theoretical Base ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Approaches To Teaching ◽  
Innovative Teaching ◽  
Continuity And Change ◽  
The Past ◽  
Postgraduate Level ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Selection Of

This paper examines the objectives, content and methods of Comparative Industrial Relations courses in Australian and New Zealand universities. It identifies changes in the approaches to teaching the subject since a 1990 survey. Using twenty- five course outlines at both undergraduate and postgraduate level from fifteen univer sities, the paper examines some of the cboices lecturers face—selection of countries and themes, the use of theory and the application of effective and innovative teaching strategies. Some new themes have emerged in the past decade, developing Asian countries are increasingly being included in courses, and the theoretical base is broaden ing. Overall, however, comparative industrial relations courses are bigbly diverse in content, reflecting the explicit and implicit objectives of those wbo teach them.

Integrated FAHP-VIKOR model for green supplier selection in a Nickle coating SME

2020 ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
Sanatan Ratna ◽  
B Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Staff Training ◽  
Supplier Selection ◽  
Fuzzy Ahp ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Supplier Evaluation ◽  
Green Supplier Selection ◽  
The Past ◽  
Coating Industry ◽  
Sustainability Issue ◽  
Selection Of

In the past few decades, there has been lot of focus on the issue of sustainability. This has occurred due to the growing concerns related to climate change and the growing awareness about environmental concerns. Also, the competition at global level has led to the search for the most sustainable route in the industries. The current research work deals with the selection of green supplier in a Nickle coating industry based on certain weighted green attributes. For this purpose, a hybrid tool comprising of Fuzzy AHP (Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy) and VIKOR (VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje) is used. The Fuzzy AHP is used for assigning proper weights to the selected criteria for supplier evaluation, while VIKOR is used for final supplier selection based on the weighted criteria. The three criterions for green supplier selection are, Ecological packaging, Corporate socio-environmental responsibility and Staff Training. The outcome of the integrated model may serve as a steppingstone to other SMEs in different sectors for selecting the most suitable supplier for addressing the sustainability issue.

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