Psychiatric morbidity in male remanded and sentenced committals to Irish prisons

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 169-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharine Curtin ◽  
Stephen Monks ◽  
Brenda Wright ◽  
Dearbhia Duffy ◽  
Sally Linehan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Psychotic Illness ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Current Prevalence ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Organic Psychoses ◽  
A Current

AbstractObjectives: To describe the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity and the treatment needs of new committals to Irish prisons.Methods: A population survey of 615 prisoners representing 7.9% of male committals to Irish prisons in the year of survey, 313 remands (9.6% of total remand committals) and 302 sentenced committals (6.4% of total sentenced committals). The main outcome measures were ICD-10 diagnoses of mental disorder based on interviews using SADS-L and prison medical records.Results: Current prevalence rates of any psychotic illness were 3.8% (remand) and 0.3% (sentenced), six month prevalence rate 5.1% (remand) and 2.6% (sentenced) and lifetime rate 9.3% (remand) and 6.6% (sentenced). Schizophrenia and drug/organic psychoses were the most common psychoses. Major depressive disorder had a current prevalence of 4.5% (remand) and 4.6% (sentenced), a six month prevalence of 4.8% (remand) and 6.0% (sentenced), and a lifetime prevalence of 8.6% (remand) and 15.9% (sentenced). Sixty-point-six per cent of the sample had a current substance misuse problem.Conclusions: There is significant psychiatric morbidity in committal prisoners.

The Prevalence of Psychiatric Morbidity in General Hospital Inpatients

1991 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 322-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Clarke ◽  
I. Harry Minas ◽  
Geoffrey W. Stuart
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Major Depressive Episode ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Medical Patients ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Hospital Inpatients ◽  
A Current

The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity in a sample of medical and surgical inpatients in an Australian general hospital. Using the 60-item General Health Questionnaire, the estimated prevalence was 30% (previous studies have yielded estimates generally between 20 and 50%). The prevalence of morbidity was significantly higher in medical (45%) than in surgical (23%) inpatients. Twelve percent of patients (20% of medical patients and 8% of surgical patients) satisfied DSM-Ill criteria for a current Major Depressive Episode. Anxiety scores on the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were higher than those reported in general population samples. There were no significant differences between males and females on any scores. The problems associated with the definition and identification of depressive and anxiety syndromes in medical and surgical inpatients are discussed, whilst the importance of this task is emphasized.

scholarly journals A syndemic of psychiatric morbidity, substance misuse, violence, and poor physical health among young men with reduced life expectancy

2021 ◽  
pp. 100858
Author(s):  
Jeremy Coid ◽  
Yingzhe Zhang ◽  
Paul Bebbington ◽  
Simone Ullrich ◽  
Bianca de Stavola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Poor Physical Health

scholarly journals Receiving threatening or obscene messages from a partner and mental health, self-harm and suicidality: results from the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally McManus ◽  
Paul E. Bebbington ◽  
Leonie Tanczer ◽  
Sara Scott ◽  
Louise M. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Common Mental Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
The Past ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
A Current

Abstract Purpose Threatening or obscene messaging is repeated, unwanted texts, emails, letters or cards experienced by the recipient as threatening or obscene, and causing fear, alarm or distress. It is rarely examined as an aspect of intimate partner violence. We describe the prevalence of exposure to threatening/obscene messaging from a current or ex-partner; characteristics of victims; and associations with other forms of violence and abuse, mental disorder, self-harm, and suicidality. Methods Cross-sectional probability-sample survey of the general population in England aged 16 + . Multivariable regression modelling tested associations between receipt of threatening/obscene messaging and current common mental disorder, past-year self-harm and suicidality. Results Threatening/obscene messages were received from a current/ex-partner by 6.6% (95%CI: 5.9–7.3) of adults who had been in a relationship; 1.7% received these in the past year. Victims were more likely to be female, under 35, single or divorced, socioeconomically disadvantaged, and to have experienced other forms of sexual and partner violence and abuse. Those who received threatening/obscene messages in the past year were more likely to experience common mental disorder (adjusted odds ratio 1.89; 1.01–3.55), self-harm (2.31; 1.00–5.33), and suicidal thoughts (2.00; 1.06–3.78). Conclusion Threatening/obscene messaging commonly occurs in the context of intimate partner violence. While often occurring alongside sexual and physical violence, messaging has an additional association with mental disorder and suicidality. Routine enquiry in service settings concerning safety, including those working with people who have escaped domestic violence, should ask about ongoing contact from previous as well as current partners. This should include asking about messaging, as well as other forms of potentially technology-enabled abuse which may become increasingly common.

Metabolic syndrome in subjects with bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder in a current depressive episode: Population-based study

2017 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 119-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Pedrotti Moreira ◽  
Karen Jansen ◽  
Taiane de Azevedo Cardoso ◽  
Thaíse Campos Mondin ◽  
Pedro Vieira da Silva Magalhães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
A Current

Assessment of vitamin D deficiency and COVID-19 diagnosis in patients with breast or prostate cancer using electronic medical records.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 6589-6589
Author(s):  
Aaron Galaznik ◽  
Emelly Rusli ◽  
Vicki Wing ◽  
Rahul Jain ◽  
Sheila Diamond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Electronic Medical Records ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Breast Cancer Cohort ◽  
Icd 10

6589 Background: While patients with cancer are known to be at increased risk of infection in part due to the immunocompromising nature of cancer treatments, recent data indicate a particularly high risk for COVID-19 infection and poor outcomes (Wang et al., 2020). A recent study (Meltzer et al., 2020) demonstrated Vitamin D deficiency may increase risk of COVID-19 infection, and a small randomized controlled trial in Spain reported significant improvement in mortality among hospitalized patients treated with calcifediol. Vitamin D deficiency has been reported in two leading causes of cancer deaths: breast and prostate. In this study, we performed a retrospective cohort analysis on nationally representative electronic medical records (EMR) to assess whether Vitamin D deficiency affects risk of COVID-19 among these patients. Methods: Patients with breast (female) or prostate (male) cancer were identified between 3/1/2018 and 3/1/2020 from EMR data provided pro-bono by the COVID-19 Research Database ( covid19researchdatabase.org ). Patients with an ICD-10 code for Vitamin D deficiency or < 20ng/mL 20(OH)D laboratory result within 12 months prior to 3/1/2020 were classified as Vitamin D deficient. COVID-19 diagnosis was defined using ICD-10 codes and laboratory results for COVID-19 at any time after 3/1/2020. Logistic regressions, adjusting for baseline demographic and clinical characteristics, were conducted to estimate the effect of Vitamin D deficiency on COVID-19 incidence in each cancer cohort. Results: A total of 16,287 breast cancer and 14,919 prostate cancer patients were included in the study. The average age was 68.9 years in the breast cancer cohort and 73.6 years in the prostate cancer cohort. The breast cancer cohort consisted of 85% Whites, 13% Black or African Americans, and less than 5% of other races. A similar race distribution was observed in the prostate cancer cohort. Unadjusted analysis showed the risk of COVID-19 was higher among Vitamin D deficient patients compared to non-deficient patients in both cohorts (breast: OR = 1.60 [95% C.I.: 1.15, 2.20]; prostate: OR = 1.59 [95% C.I.: 1.08, 2.33]). Similar findings were observed when assessed in subgroups of patients with newly diagnosed cancer in the dataset, as well as after adjusting for baseline characteristics. Conclusions: Our study suggests breast and prostate cancer patients may have an elevated risk of COVID-19 infection if Vitamin D deficient. These results support findings by Meltzer et al., 2020 demonstrating a relationship between Vitamin D deficiency and COVID-19 infection. While a randomized clinical trial is warranted to confirm the role for Vitamin D supplementation in preventing COVID-19, our study underscores the importance of monitoring Vitamin D levels across and within cancer populations, particularly in the midst of the global COVID-19 pandemic.

Rates of Depressive and Anxiety Disorders in a Residential Mother–Infant Unit for Unsettled Infants

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 836-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Phillips ◽  
Louise Sharpe ◽  
Stephen Matthey
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Current ◽  
Infant Behaviour

Objective: Depression and anxiety are known to be common among women presenting to residential mother–infant programmes for unsettled infant behaviour but most studies have used self-report measures of psychological symptomatology rather than diagnostic interviews to determine psychiatric diagnoses. The aim of the present study was to determine rates of depressive and anxiety disorders and rates of comorbidity among clients of the Karitane residential mother–infant programme for unsettled infant behaviour. Method: One hundred and sixty women with infants aged 2 weeks–12 months completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and were interviewed for current and lifetime history of depressive and anxiety disorders using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV diagnosis (Research version). Results: A total of 25.1% of the sample met criteria for a current diagnosis of major depression, 31.7% had met criteria for major depression since the start of the pregnancy, and 30.5% of clients met criteria for a current anxiety disorder. Of note were the 21.6% who met criteria for generalized anxiety disorder or anxiety disorder not otherwise specified (worry confined to the topics of the baby or being a mother). High levels of comorbidity were confirmed in the finding that 60.8% of those with an anxiety disorder had experienced major or minor depression since the start of their pregnancy and 46.3% of those who had experienced depression since the start of their pregnancy also met criteria for a current anxiety disorder. Conclusions: There are high levels of psychiatric morbidity among clients attending residential mother–infant units for unsettled infant behaviour, highlighting the importance of providing multifaceted interventions in order to address both infant and maternal psychological issues.

Psychosis-Risk Syndromes

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-95
Author(s):  
Allison N. Macdonald ◽  
Katrina B. Goines ◽  
Derek M. Novacek ◽  
Elaine F. Walker
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Preventive Interventions ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
Psychotic Illness ◽  
Treatment Practices ◽  
Psychosis Risk

Identifying individuals at risk for psychotic disorders is now a major focus of research. The key objectives of this work are to identify mechanisms underlying the emergence of psychosis and predict impending illness, with the goal of developing preventive interventions. Despite notable progress, there is a dearth of ethically informed policies to guide disclosure, documentation, and treatment practices. The limited predictive validity of psychosis-risk criteria and stigma surrounding psychotic disorders hinder such policy development. Thus, several challenging questions remain: Does the psychosis-risk designation achieve an adequate predictive power to indicate risk for a more serious disorder? When and how should individuals learn that they are at risk for a psychotic illness, and should such information be included in medical records? What, if any, treatment recommendations should be made? This article addresses these challenges and frames the central issues confronting ethically informed policies and practices for identifying and treating psychosis-risk syndromes.

scholarly journals Clinical Characteristics of PMS Co-Morbid with MDD and Effectiveness of SSRIs in its Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
R. Yakimova ◽  
M. Stoimenova-Popova ◽  
P. Chumpalova ◽  
M. Pandova ◽  
M. Stoyanova
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Premenstrual Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Longitudinal Observational Study ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
A Current

AbstractBackground: Data on the clinical characteristics of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) with co-morbid major depressive disorder (MDD) are scarce. Although selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are widely used to treat both PMS and MDD there is little information on their efficacy in PMS in patients with co-morbid MDD.Objective: To describe the clinical picture of PMS co-morbid with current depressive episode (DE) and evaluate its dynamics under a 6-month course of SSRIs treatment.Materials and methods: We present a longitudinal observational study, conducted in out- and inpatient conditions. Thirty-one women eligible to antidepressant treatment for a current DE in the course of MDD were evaluated for PMS and those of them suffering from both conditions were re-evaluated twice during a 6-month medication intake period.Results: The pre-treatment clinical picture of PMS co-morbid with MDD was dominated by moderately to severely expressed mood swings, anxiety, fatigue, breast tenderness, palpitations, abdominal bloating, and headache. After six months of SSRIs intake the syndrome was characterised by nearly the same symptoms (with the addition of irritability and appetite changes) but mildly expressed.Conclusion: Untreated PMS co-morbid with MDD is characterised by mainly moderately severe psychological and around three times less commonly – somatic symptoms. SSRIs treatment alleviate both symptom types at month three and even further, although less pronouncedly at month six.

scholarly journals Pattern of psychiatric morbidity among referred inpatients in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Nasim Jahan ◽  
Mohammad Muntasir Maruf ◽  
Sharmin Kauser ◽  
Mekhala Sarkar ◽  
Md Masud Rana Sarker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Psychiatric Consultation ◽  
Liaison Psychiatry ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Consultation Liaison Psychiatry ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Inpatient Units

There is a dearth of studies related to consultation-liaison psychiatry in Bangladesh. The psychiatric referral rates in this country are very low, considering the higher rates of psychiatric morbidity in patients who attend various departments of a general hospital. This was a descriptive study consisting of all the cases referred for psychiatric consultation from inpatient units of various departments of BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka from July 2017 to June 2018. Patients of any age and of either gender were included. A total of 673 patients (1.97% of total admission) were referred from different departments of the hospital for psychiatric consultation within the study period. Majority of the respondents were female. The mean age of the respondents was 59.47 (±1.98) years. Among the referred, Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) was the diagnosis in 24.96%, followed by Major depressive disorder (MDD) in 9.95% cases. Referral from the department of Medicine and allied was 92.86 %, followed by department of Surgery and allied (6.38%) & department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (0.74%). Frequency of referral was the lowest in the months of November to January. There is a need to encourage multi-disciplinary interaction in the management of patients who attend general hospitals, so as to better identify the psychiatric morbidity. Bang J Psychiatry December 2017; 31(2): 38-42

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document