Using X-ray diffraction for studying the effect of modulation and machining parameters on deformation level in brass particulate produced by modulation assisted machining

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (S2) ◽  
pp. S315-S326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravinder Singh Joshi ◽  
Harpreet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Crystallite Size ◽  
Internal Strain ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
Deformation Level ◽  
Scanning Electron

In present investigation, effect of modulation and machining parameters on deformation level of the chips produced during modulation assisted machining (MAM) has been studied. It is shown that disruption in tool-chip contact during modulation assisted machining helps in the formation of discrete chips. Size and shape of the particles produced in MAM can be controlled by varying modulation and machining conditions. Particulates of different shapes and sizes ranging from 100 µm to 5 mm with an aspect ratio of ~10 were produced using MAM. The morphology of the particulates produced was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Deformation in chip particulates was investigated using X-Ray diffraction. The crystallite size and internal strain in particulates were evaluated using Scherrer and Williamson-Hall methods respectively. The crystallite size of the particulates was found to decrease with decrease in their size, whereas internal strain in particulates was observed to increase with decrease in their size. Furthermore, the length of particulates was observed to decrease with an increase in the ratio of frequency of modulation (fm) to frequency of workpiece rotation (fw). However, the corresponding change in microstrain and crystallite size was insignificant with change in this ratio.

Effect of Crystal Orientation Agents on Morphology of Nano-CaCO3

2015 ◽  
Vol 723 ◽  
pp. 544-547
Author(s):  
Xiang Wei Cheng ◽  
Da Jin Xiong ◽  
Chao Huo
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Crystal Orientation ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Calcite Crystal ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
Scanning Electron

Using intermittent bubbling carbonation method to prepare nanoCaCO3, the effect of crystal orientation agents on the morphology of nanoCaCO3 was studied. The nanoCaCO3 was characterized by means of field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Laser particle analyzer. The results showed that the different shapes nanoCaCO3 was synthesized by adding different crystal orientation agents to control the shape of the product. The as-prepared CaCO3 were pure calcite crystal and the average particle sizes were within the range of 25.7 to 60.9 nm.

Influence of Calcined CaSO4 Whisker and Dispersion Method on Bending Strength of Gypsum Board

2014 ◽  
Vol 638-640 ◽  
pp. 1350-1353
Author(s):  
Chang Chen ◽  
Yu Bin Wang ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Xiao Yu Xue ◽  
Lei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Hydration Time ◽  
Gypsum Board ◽  
Dispersion Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

The hydration ability of CaSO4 whiskers calcined under the condition of 475-500 °C for 10-60 min was researched by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope. The optimal calcined CaSO4 whiskers were added into building gypsum and the bending strength of gypsum board was influenced by different dispersion methods. The results show that the whiskers calcined under 475 °C for 30 min begin to hydrate and the aspect ratio of whisker calcined under 500 °C and 525 °C has no changed for 1 h of hydration time. The bending strength value of gypsum board with ultrasonic dispersed whisker is lower than that of gypsum board with directly mixed whisker.

PENGGUNAAN TiO2 PARTIKEL NANO HASIL SINTESIS BERBASIS AIR MENGGUNAKAN METODA SOL-GEL PADA BAHAN KAPAS SEBAGAI APLIKASI UNTUK TEKSTIL ANTI UV

Arena Tekstil ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Komalasari ◽  
Bambang Sunendar
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nano Tio2 ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Scanning Electron

Partikel nano TiO2 berbasis air dengan pH basa telah berhasil disintesis dengan menggunakan metode sol-gel dan diimobilisasi pada kain kapas dengan menggunakan kitosan sebagai zat pengikat silang. Sintesis dilakukan  dengan prekursor TiCl4 pada konsentrasi 0,3 M, 0,5 M dan 1 M, dan menggunakan templat kanji dengan proses kalsinasi pada suhu 500˚C selama 2 jam. Partikel nano TiO2 diaplikasikan ke kain kapas dengan metoda pad-dry-cure dan menggunakan kitosan sebagai crosslinking agent. Berdasarkan hasil Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM),diketahui bahwa morfologi partikel TiO2 berbentuk spherical dengan ukuran nano (kurang dari 100 nm). Karakterisasi X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) menunjukkan adanya tiga tipe struktur kristal utama, yaitu (100), (101) dan (102) dengan fasa kristal yang terbentuk adalah anatase dan rutile. Pada karakterisasi menggunakan SEM terhadap serbuk dari TiO2 yang telah diaplikasikan ke permukaan kain kapas, terlihat adanya imobilisasi partikel nano TiO2 melalui ikatan hidrogen silang dengan kitosan pada kain kapas. Hasil analisa tersebut kemudian dikonfirmasi dengan FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra Red) yang hasilnya memperlihatkan puncak serapan pada bilangan gelombang 3495 cm-1, 2546 cm-1, dan 511 cm-1,  yang masing-masing diasumsikan sebagai adanya vibrasi gugus fungsi O-H, N-H dan Ti-O-Ti. Hasil SEM menunjukkan pula bahwa kristal nano yang terbentuk diantaranya adalah fasa rutile , yang berdasarkan literatur terbukti dapatberfungsi sebagai anti UV.

Effect of the Neodymium Content on Mechanical Properties of the Electro-Brush Plated Nano-Al2O3/Ni Composite Coating

2012 ◽  
Vol 525-526 ◽  
pp. 277-280
Author(s):  
Guo Jin ◽  
Xiu Fang Cui ◽  
Er Bao Liu ◽  
Qing Fen Li
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Composite Coating ◽  
Nanoindentation Test ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Small Cracks ◽  
Scanning Electron

The effect of the neodymium content on mechanical properties of the electro-brush plated nanoAl2O3/Ni composite coating was investigated in this paper. The microstructure and phase structure were studied with scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The hardness and abrasion properties of several coatings with different neodymium content were studied by nanoindentation test and friction / wear experiment. Results show that the coatings are much finer and more compact when the neodymium was added, and the hardness and abrasion property of the coatings with neodymium were improved obviously. Besides, the small cracks conduced by the upgrowth stress in the coatings were ameliorated when the rare earth neodymium was added. The improvement mechanism was further discussed.

Effect of Briquetting Pressure on the Performance of In Situ Formed Sialon in Al2O3-C Refractory Bricks

2014 ◽  
Vol 881-883 ◽  
pp. 1049-1052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nai Peng ◽  
Cheng Ji Deng ◽  
Hong Xi Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Z Value ◽  
Refractory Bricks ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this paper, the effects of briquetting pressure on the performance of in-situ formed Sialon in Al2O3-C refractory bricks are investigated. The phase compositions and microstructure of the Al2O3-C refractory were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).The results show the briquetting pressure hardly has effect on the phase of the sintered specimens, two new phases of Sialon with a Z value of 2 and SiC formed. The micrographs of Sialon crystals have the shape of both column and tabular column, but with a cone tip in the specimens sintered at 200MPa and 300MPa and smooth tip in specimens sintered at 400MPa and 500MPa.

Solvothermal Synthesis of Bi2Se3 Hexagonal Nanosheet Crystals

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 1712-1716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Tao Liu ◽  
Jun Dai ◽  
Jia Jia Zhang ◽  
Wei Dong Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Solvothermal Synthesis ◽  
Solvothermal Method ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Uniform Size ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Bismuth selenide (Bi2Se3) hexagonal nanosheet crystals with uniform size were successfully prepared via a solvothermal method at 160°C for 22 h using bismuth trichloride(BiCl3) and selenium powder(Se) as raw materials, sodium bisulfite(NaHSO3) as a reducing agent, diethylene glycol(DEG) as solvent, and ammonia as pH regulator. Various techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) were used to characterize the obtained products. Results show that the as-synthesized samples are pure Bi2Se3 hexagonal nanosheet crystals. A possible growth mechanism for Bi2Se3 hexagonal nanosheet crystals is also discussed based on the experiment.

Effect of P2O5 on the Properties of Alite-Calcium Strontium Sulphoaluminate Cement

2011 ◽  
Vol 306-307 ◽  
pp. 961-965
Author(s):  
Chao Nan Yin ◽  
Ling Chao Lu ◽  
Shou De Wang
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Heat Evolution ◽  
Petrographic Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sulphoaluminate Cement ◽  
Suitable Amount ◽  
Acceleration Period ◽  
Scanning Electron

The influence of P2O5on the properties of alite-calcium strontium sulphoaluminate cement was researched by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and petrographic analysis. The results show that the optimal content of P2O5is 0.3% and the compressive strength of the cement at 1, 3, 28d are 27.0, 59.1, 110.9MPa when the calcining temperature is 1350°C. P2O5mainly exists in the belite and a suitable amount of P2O5can promote the formation of C1.5Sr2.5A3and alite. When the content of P2O5is higher than 0.3%, the formation of C1.5Sr2.5A3and alite can be hindered. P2O5can enhance the hydration heat evolution rate in the acceleration period and the hydrate heat of cement containing P2O5increases slightly.

Effect of Nickel on Titanium Carbide Synthesized via Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 620 ◽  
pp. 384-388
Author(s):  
Sharifah Aishah Syed Salim ◽  
Julie Juliewatty Mohamed ◽  
Zainal Arifin Ahmad ◽  
Zainal Arifin Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Powder Mixture ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Arc Melting ◽  
Elemental Powder Mixture ◽  
Scanning Electron

Numerous methods have been used to produce high purity TiC. There is no previous study has been reported on the formation using single elemental powders of Titanium (Ti) and Carbon (C) with addition Nickel (Ni) by tungsten inert gas (TIG) weld method. In this work, TiC was synthesized via TIG method by arc melting elemental powder mixture of Ti and C at ~5 second (s) and 80 ampere (A). The effect Ni contents on TiC formation was investigated. The mixed raw material was ball milled for 24 hours followed by synthesis via TIG method. The arced samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM). It was revealed, that small amount of Ni additive to the metal powder allows the production of dense and tough TiC.

scholarly journals Supplementary X-ray studies of the Ni-Sn-Bi system

2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.P. Vassilev ◽  
K.I. Lilova ◽  
J.C. Gachon
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Ternary Compound ◽  
Approximate Formula ◽  
Ternary Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Diffraction Peaks ◽  
Scanning Electron

Phase equilibria were studied in the system Ni-Sn-Bi. Special attention has been paid to the identification of the recently found ternary phase. For this purpose samples were synthesized using intimately mixed powders. After annealing and quenching, all alloys were analyzed by scanning electron microscope and by X-ray diffraction. The results give evidences about the existence of a ternary compound with approximate formula Ni6Sn2Bi to Ni7Sn2Bi. Overlapping of some neighboring diffraction peaks of this phase with NiBi and Ni3Sn_LT is the reason for the difficulties related to the X-ray diffraction identification of the ternary phase.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Suhu Kalsinasi terhadap Karakteristik Komposit Forsterit-Karbon Tersintesis dalam Medium Gas Argon

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Solihudin Solihudin ◽  
Haryono Haryono ◽  
Atiek Rostika Noviyanti ◽  
Muhammad Rizky Ridwansyah
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Argon Gas ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

<p>Komposit forsterit-karbon merupakan salah satu material modifikasi dari forsterit yang berpotensi memiliki sifat isolator panas baik. Karbon dalam komposit dapat mengisi cacat titik pada kristal forsterit. Arang sekam padi (residu gasifikasi) mengandung SiO2 amorf dan karbon yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan pengaruh suhu kalsinasi dalam medium gas inert (dengan pengaliran gas argon) terhadap karakteristik komposit forsterit-karbon dari arang sekam padi dan magnesium karbonat. Metode penelitian meliputi preparasi arang sekam padi hasil gasifikasi, dan sintesis forsterit-karbon. Proses sintesis komposit forsterit karbon dilakukan dengan cara mencampurkan arang sekam padi dengan kalium karbonat pada rasio mol magmesium terhadap silikon sebesar 2 : 1 kemudian dikalsinasi dengan suhu divariasikan (700, 800, 900, dan 1000 oC). Selanjutnya sampel hasil sintesis dikarakterisasi dengan Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), dan scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Hasil karakterisasi dengan FTIR dan XRD diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa forsterit mulai terbentuk pada suhu kalisiasi 800 oC dan sempurna pada suhu 1000 oC, karenanya komposit yang terbentuk pada 1000 oC dimungkinkan sebagai forsterit-karbon, di mana unsur-unsur yang terkandung ditunjukkan oleh SEM-EDS.</p><p> </p><p><strong>The Effect of Calcination Temperature on the Characteristics of Forsterite-Carbon Composites Synthesized in Argon Gas Medium</strong>. Forsterite-carbon composite is one of the material modifications of forsterite, which potentially has a good heat insulation property. Carbon in composites can fill point defects in forsterite crystals. Rice husk charcoal, as gasification residues, contains high amorphous SiO2 and carbon. This study aims to determine the effect of temperature on the calcination of a mixture of rice husk charcoal and magnesium carbonate under an inert gas (argon gas) on the characteristics of the forsterite-carbon composite produced. The experimental research performed includes the preparation of gasified rice husk charcoal and the synthesis of the carbon-forsterite composite. The synthesis process of the carbon-forsterite composites was carried out by mixing rice husk charcoal with potassium carbonate at a mole ratio of magnesium to silicon of 2 : 1. The mixture was then calcined with varying temperatures (700, 800, 900, and 1000 °C). Furthermore, the synthesized sample was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The FTIR and XRD analysis show that the forsterites began to form at a calcination temperature of 800 °C and perfectly formed at a temperature of 1000 °C; therefore, the composite formed at 1000 °C is possible as forsterite-carbon, in which the contained elements were indicated by SEM-EDS.</p>

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