scholarly journals Neurodevelopment disorders in adolescence and transition into adulthood

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. 914-914
Author(s):  
A. Moscoso
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Adult Psychiatry ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Therapeutic Tools ◽  
Time Specific

The transitional period from adolescence into adulthood is an important developmental stage, known to be a risk factor for mental health problems. Neuropsychiatric disorders are the main cause of disability for young people aged 10–24 years and they seem to precede mental health disorders in adults. Since persistence of an adolescent episode is a strong predictor of outcome, giving proper care during critical stages might prevent later life psychiatric morbidity arising from adolescent-onset disorders. Mental health services for adolescents have evolved from non-specific secondary treatment to more extensive treatment goals, where prevention and early diagnosis take place; at the same time, specific therapeutic tools for adolescents are increasing and put into practice. In Europe, both child and adolescent psychiatrists (CAP) and adult psychiatrists treat adolescents, and for a few countries, the specialty of adolescent psychiatry exists. In this symposium, we propose to address new strategies to treat adolescents with defying pathologies that often pose problems; we will do it through the scope of CAP and adult psychiatry.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Parallel Process Latent Growth Modeling of the Relationships Between Social Cohesion and Mental Health in Later Life

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 307-307
Author(s):  
Sok An ◽  
Kyeongmo Kim ◽  
Minhong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Initial Level ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Latent Growth ◽  
Functional Disabilities ◽  
Score Range ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Previous literature suggests that social factors (e.g., social cohesion, social support) are protective predictors of mental health problems. However, there might be a reciprocal relationship between social factors and mental health and the relationship changes over time. Therefore, this study examined the longitudinal relationship between community social cohesion and mental health using a latent growth curve model with 8 waves of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS; 2011-2018), a nationally representative panel study of Medicare beneficiaries in the United States. Social cohesion measured the perceived level of mutual trust by three items (score range: 0-6) and mental health was measured by PHQ-4 (score range: 0-12). The final model including covariates (age, gender, functional disabilities) fit the data well: χ2=1036.383, p<.001; RMSEA=.037; CFI=.960; and SRMR=.070. Initial level of social cohesion was negatively associated with initial level of mental health problem (β=−.23, p< .001), suggesting that higher levels of social cohesion was associated with lower levels of mental health problems. The covariance between social cohesion slope and mental health slope was significant (β=−.16, p< .01), suggesting an increase in social cohesion was associated with a decrease in mental health problems over time. Functional disabilities significantly influenced mental health over time, while functional disabilities did not influence social cohesion consistently. This study adds to the growing literature on the ways mental health status and social connection have reciprocal relationships over time. Therefore, mental health status in later life could be decreased by improving social cohesion and connectedness with the community.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Trauma due to Winter Storm Alexa, PTSD, Mental Health of Palestinians in the Gaza Strip

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Abdelaziz M. Thabet ◽  
Sanaa S. Thabet
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Winter Storm ◽  
Social Dysfunction ◽  
The Gaza Strip ◽  
The Relationship

<p><em>Aim:</em><em> This study investigated the relationship between trauma due to winter storm Alexa, PTSD and other mental health problems of Palestinian in Gaza Strip.</em><em> </em><em>Method:</em><em> The sample consisted of 105 males (50%) and 105 females (50%) selected from three of the most affected areas by flooding in 2014 due to Alexa storm in Gaza Strip. Participants age range was 20-65 years, with a mean age 40.88 (SD = 9.8)</em><em>,</em><em> with a mean age of years. Mental health status was assessed by a sociodemographic scale, the Trauma Due to Flood Scale, PTSD scale, and General Health Questionnaire (28 items). Results: Mean traumatic events experienced were 7.8. There were no statistically significant differences between males and females in reporting traumatic events. Mean post-traumatic stress disorder was 18.65, re-experiences symptoms was 6.4, avoidance symptoms was 5.7 and mean arousal symptoms was 5.73. </em></p><p><em>The study showed that 34.8% reported full criteria of PTSD. There were no statistically significant differences in PTSD total scores and subscales and sex of participants. Mean GHQ-28 was 12.12, somatization mean was 3.21, anxiety was 3.31, social dysfunction was 3.34, and depression was 2.27, 91% of the participants were rated as psychiatric morbidity cases and need further investigation. Males significantly scored more in social dysfunction than females. Traumatic events were significantly correlated with PTSD and general mental health and all subscales.</em><em> </em><em>Conclusion and implications</em><em>: </em><em>This study has important implications for need of establishing and implementing psychosocial intervention programs for in the Gaza Strip not only for those victims of political violence but also for people exposed to other types of traumatic events such as natural disasters. </em></p>

Stories of exceptional survivors who visit aboriginal healers: Cross-cultural lessons for psychiatry

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S515-S515
Author(s):  
L. Mehl-Madrona
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Patient Interviews ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Supportive Community ◽  
Forgiveness Of Others ◽  
Better Than

IntroductionIndigenous communities exist within most countries. These communities often have their own informal and invisible (to their mainstream neighbors) systems of health care. We wondered what happened to people who approached traditional community healers for help with mental health problems.MethodsWe interviewed 100 people who had received mental health diagnoses from conventional practitioners and then sought traditional community healers for help. We compared them to a matched population from a computer database who did not seek traditional healers. Patients who visited the healers did statistically significantly better than the comparison group. Panels of naïve graduate students evaluated patient interviews and picked themes that consistently emerged. Scenarios were developed to rate patients along these dimensions from “1” to “5”. New panels did the ratings. Comparisons were made between these 2 groups of people, and those who improved with healers had more change from before to after treatment on the dimensions of Present-centeredness; Forgiveness of others; Release of blame, bitterness, and chronic anger; Orientation to process versus outcome; Sense of Humor; Sense of Meaning and Purpose; and Faith and Hope. The patients who worked with the healers had a new and plausible (to the patient, his or her family, and the healers) explanation for why he or she got well, including a story reflecting a belief about how he or she can stay well; supportive community who believes in the person's cure.ConclusionsThe treatment provided by conventional healers produces measurable changes in several parameters associated with improved mental health.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Parenting Styles and Mental Health of Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Vijeta Singh ◽  
Taruna Gera ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Behmani
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Developmental Phase ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Mental Health Issues ◽  
The Impact

Adolescence is a developmental phase marked with a heightened risk of inception of mental health disorders. The neglect in addressing mental health issues during childhood and adolescence could lead to the development of mental health problems in later life. The perspective with which children perceive their parent's parenting influences the children's mental health. Furthermore, the gender of the parent has its impacts on the shaping of a child's personality under the patriarchal society. The present research attempted to investigate the impact of different parenting styles (paternal) on adolescents' mental health. The study sample comprised 150 adolescents of 14-17 years in age from different schools located in the state of Haryana, India. Parenting Authority Questionnaire and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) were used to assess parenting styles and mental health. The present study's findings suggest that adolescents with a permissive parenting style have poor mental health compared with authoritative and authoritarian parenting styles. The study recommends incorporating healthy practices in parenting styles to prevent mental health issues among adolescents.

Mental Health Problems following the 2005 Earthquake in Kashmir: Findings of Community-Run Clinics

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 541-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar Chadda ◽  
Anil Malhotra ◽  
Nanaji Kaw ◽  
Jaspreet Singh ◽  
Hem Sethi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Adjustment Disorders ◽  
Stress Reactions ◽  
Physical Injuries ◽  
Common Mental Health Problems

AbstractIntroduction:Events such as earthquakes are followed by significant psychiatric morbidity due to the enormous damage caused to life, health, property, and other resources in the affected area. In October 2005, a devastating earthquake occurred in Kashmir in India. A team of mental health professionals visited the earthquake stricken area to provide mental health services five weeks after of the event.Methods:The team conducted clinics at >30 sites in different villages in the area. This paper describes the mental health problems encountered in those communities.Results:All patients seen in the clinics had their houses destroyed by the earthquake.Nearly one-fourth had suffered serious physical injuries and 12% had lost one of their family members. Common psychiatric diagnoses included adjustment disorders (39.6%), depressive episode (22.6%), and other stress disorders (21.8 %). Only 10 (3.3%) patients were found to suffer from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), though PTSD-like symptoms were reported by more than two-thirds of the patients.Conclusions:Adjustment disorders, depression, other stress reactions, and PTSD-like symptoms were the common mental health problems five to six weeks following an earthquake.

scholarly journals Bridging the service divide

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip P. Asherson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Stimulant Medication ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Good Deal ◽  
Clinical Activity ◽  
Need For Treatment ◽  
Adult Psychiatry

Most child and adolescent mental health services recognise the existence of, and need for treatment in, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Many specialist multidisciplinary ADHD clinics have been developed in recent years, and many paediatricians have included the treatment of ADHD as an important part of their clinical activity. A good deal of the justification for this increase in therapeutic activity has been the demonstration that ADHD is indeed a predictor of adult mental health problems. General adult psychiatry, however, has not followed suit in identifying and treating substantial numbers of affected people. It is likely none the less that an increasing load in adult psychiatry will develop. A rising number of young people will enter adult life still receiving stimulant medication or other treatment for ADHD, and adult psychiatrists are likely to be consulted. Furthermore, an increasing number of adults are likely to recognise themselves as having been disabled by ADHD and therefore to seek assistance. In many cases, individuals with adult ADHD who require specific treatment for the condition will have been treated unsuccessfully for disorders with overlapping symptom profiles such as anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder and antisocial personality disorder.

Mental health disorders and alcohol misuse among UK military veterans and the general population: a comparison study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Rebecca Rhead ◽  
Deirdre MacManus ◽  
Margaret Jones ◽  
Neil Greenberg ◽  
Nicola T Fear ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
General Population ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Alcohol Misuse ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Military Health ◽  
Male Veterans ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background For a small minority of personnel, military service can have a negative impact on their mental health. Yet no studies have assessed how the mental health of UK veterans (who served during the recent operations in Afghanistan or Iraq) compares to non-veterans, to determine if they are at a disadvantage. We examine the prevalence of mental disorders and alcohol misuse in UK veterans compared to non-veterans. Methods Veteran data were taken from the third phase of the King's Centre for Military Health Research cohort study (n = 2917). These data were compared with data on non-veterans taken from two large general population surveys: 2014 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey (n = 5871) and wave 6 of the UK Household Longitudinal Study (UKHLS, n = 22 760). Results We found that, overall, UK veterans who served at the time of recent military operations were more likely to report a significantly higher prevalence of common mental disorders (CMD) (23% v. 16%), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (8% v. 5%) and alcohol misuse (11% v. 6%) than non-veterans. Stratifying by gender showed that the negative impact of being a veteran on mental health and alcohol misuse was restricted to male veterans. Being ill or disabled was associated with a higher prevalence of CMD and PTSD for both veterans and non-veterans. Conclusion Whilst the same sociodemographic groups within the veteran and non-veteran populations seemed to have an increased risk of mental health problems (e.g. those who were unemployed), male veterans, in particular, appear to be at a distinct disadvantage compared to those who have never served.

Psychiatric morbidity in December 2015 flood-affected population in Tamil Nadu, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 338-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shailaja Bandla ◽  
NR Nappinnai ◽  
Srinivasagopalan Gopalasamy
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Floods are the most common type of natural disaster, which have a negative impact on mental health. Following floods, survivors are vulnerable to develop PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder), depression, anxiety and other mental health problems. Aim: The aim is to study the psychiatric morbidity in the persons affected by floods during December 2015. Materials and methods: This study was carried out in Chennai and Cuddalore. In total, 223 persons who were directly exposed to floods were assessed. PTSD Checklist–Civilian Version, Beck’s Depression Inventory, Beck’s Anxiety Inventory and World Health Organization–Five Well-Being Scale (WHO-5) were used in the study. Chi-square test was used to compare the means. Results: Overall, psychiatric morbidity was found to be 45.29%; 60 (26.9%) persons had symptoms of PTSD. Anxiety was found in 48 (27.4%) and depression was found in 101 (45.29%) persons; and 11 (4.9%) persons have reported an increase in substance abuse. Conclusion: Following disaster like floods, there is a need for better preparedness in terms of basic necessities and medical and psychological assistance, particularly emphasizing the needs of older persons in order to prevent the development of psychiatric problems.

What is the Threshold of Teachers' Recognition and Report of Concerns About Anxiety and Depression in Students? An Exploratory Study With Teachers of Adolescents in Regional Australia

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Trudgen ◽  
Sharon Lawn
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Professional Learning ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Mental Health Training ◽  
School Students

AbstractIntroduction:Anxiety and depression in adolescence is prevalent but often unrecognised and untreated. This can lead to serious disorders in later life. This study explored how teachers recognise anxiety and depression in secondary school students and act on their concerns.Method:Twenty teachers from four secondary colleges in regional Victoria, Australia were interviewed regarding their experiences. In-depth interviews were analysed using descriptive thematic analysis in order to understand how teachers respond to this issue.Results:Teachers' recognition of mental health problems in students and the threshold for reporting their concerns was subjective and not based on any formal knowledge of how to identify anxiety or depression risk factors in students. Years of teaching experience was not associated with increased knowledge of mental health problems in students. Time pressures and lack of resources in student wellbeing teams were barriers to teachers reporting their concerns about students.Conclusion:Education bodies and teaching universities responsible for training teachers and providing ongoing professional learning need to ensure that mental health training is part of every teacher's core skill set, so that teachers can confidently promote mental wellbeing, identify emerging mental health problems, know how to facilitate access to more specialist intervention where required and contribute effectively to follow-up support.

scholarly journals Home foreclosure and risk of psychiatric morbidity during the recent financial crisis

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 1441-1448 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. McLaughlin ◽  
A. Nandi ◽  
K. M. Keyes ◽  
M. Uddin ◽  
A. E. Aiello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Density Ratio ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Incidence Density ◽  
The Us ◽  
Home Foreclosure

BackgroundA defining feature of the US economic downturn of 2008–2010 was the alarming rate of home foreclosure. Although a substantial number of US households have experienced foreclosure since 2008, the effects of foreclosure on mental health are unknown. We examined the effects of foreclosure on psychiatric symptomatology in a prospective, population-based community survey.MethodData were drawn from the Detroit Neighborhoods and Health Study (DNHS), waves 1 and 2 (2008–2010). A probability sample of predominantly African-American adults in Detroit, Michigan participated (n=1547). We examined the association between home foreclosure between waves 1 and 2 and increases in symptoms of DSM-IV major depression and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).ResultsThe most common reasons for foreclosure were an increase in monthly payments, an increase in non-medical expenses and a reduction in family income. Exposure to foreclosure between waves 1 and 2 predicted symptoms of major depression and GAD at wave 2, controlling for symptoms at wave 1. Even after adjusting for wave 1 symptoms, sociodemographics, lifetime history of psychiatric disorder at wave 1 and exposure to other financial stressors between waves 1 and 2, foreclosure was associated with an increased rate of symptoms of major depression [incidence density ratio (IDR) 2.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.6–3.6] and GAD (IDR 1.9, 95% CI 1.4–2.6).ConclusionsWe provide the first prospective evidence linking foreclosure to the onset of mental health problems. These results, combined with the high rate of home foreclosure since 2008, suggest that the foreclosure crisis may have adverse effects on the mental health of the US population.

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