scholarly journals Cost–benefit analysis of tetanus prophylaxis by a mathematical model

1989 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Carducci ◽  
C.M. Avio ◽  
M. Bendinelli
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Vaccination Strategies ◽  
Tetanus Vaccination

SUMMARYA mathematical model has been developed which allows estimation of the epidemiological and economic effects of different tetanus vaccination strategies. The model was used to simulate the epidemiology of tetanus in italy from 1955 to 1982, and then applied to a district of Tuscany by utilizing data obtained from a seroepidemiological survey carried out in the same area. For this district we simulated vaccination programmes designed to reach, within 1 or 10 years, coverages of 60 or 90% of the population aged over 10 years who had not been exposed to the neonatal vaccination programme. The most effective strategy, from both the epidemiological and economic point of view, seems to be 90% coverage reached in 1 year's time. Benefits would be increased by improving the reliability of vaccinal anamnesis.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC STUDY OF GREEN ROOFS AS A SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Júlia G. Borràs ◽  
◽  
Carlos Lerma ◽  
Ángeles Mas ◽  
Jose Vercher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Global Dimension ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Useful Life ◽  
Social Environmental

Green roofs respond to a need of today’s society to orient its development towards sustainability. Architecture and urban planning, as builders of the modern city, play a crucial role in the search for a balance between social, environmental and economic growth. Green roofs imply recognized benefits in all three fields, but a study of the economic viability of these solutions is necessary, especially in the field of rehabilitation with tighter budgets. Through a cost-benefit analysis throughout its useful life, it is intended to avoid that the initial construction cost of a green roof, or any sustainable construction, could discourage users, helping them to understand its global dimension from an economic point of view.

scholarly journals THE COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF THE ROMANIAN NATIONAL GAMBLING OFFICE

2020 ◽  
Vol 13(62) (2) ◽  
pp. 157-166
Author(s):  
Ștefan Bulboacă ◽  
Ovidiu Mircea Țierean
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Public Institution ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Societal Costs ◽  
Gambling Industry ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Way

"This paper aims to evaluate the economic effects that the Romanian National Gambling Office has over the gambling industry and to determine whether this public institution brings enough benefits to cover the costs. The aim of the research was to gather information about the Romanian gambling industry, the way that this industry is managed and to make a comparison between its societal costs and benefits. "

scholarly journals Proposal of Economic Assessment of Hard Coal Mines Operation Conducted in Polish Conditions with the Use of Cost Benefit Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 875-892
Author(s):  
Piotr Krawczyk ◽  
Marzena Majer ◽  
Joanna Krzemień
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Coal Mines ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Mining Operation ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Social Costs And Benefits

Abstract The paper presents possibilities of an economic evaluation of hard coal mines, using Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA). Suggested methodology for CBA applied to the economic evaluation of a mine allows to conduct a complex evaluation of mine’s functionality in connection to Polish conditions. Additionally to financial aspects, significant from the point of view of the mine’s owner, the paper includes social and environmental effects as a result of mining activities. Proposed methodology has undergone tests which used averaged data obtained from two selected hard coal mines located in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin. Presented results confirm the validity of social costs and benefits, and environmental losses resulting from mining operation, which were included in analysis comprehensively evaluating the efficiency of hard coal mines.

scholarly journals The Nature of the Original "Firm": A Coasean Cost-Benefit Analysis of Legalizing Prostitution

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Malia Dalesandry
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Religious Perspective ◽  
Legal Perspective

Though there have been many studies of prostitution from the legal perspective, the feminist perspective, the societal perspective, and the moral, ethical, and religious perspective, the current breadth of literature does not include a cost-benefit analysis from which to examine its economic effects. This paper attempts a comprehensive analysis of legalizing prostitution while noting deficiencies in data and recognizing variations when interpreting existing data. The most salient monetary costs and benefits are discussed and calculated, and many others are included for the sake of a more developed examination. After a sensitivity analysis and a brief discussion of how Coase’s theorem may be utilized to determine economic efficiency, the conclusion and final recommendation is that, because economic benefits vastly outweigh economic costs, all states could benefit economically from legalizing prostitution.

scholarly journals The Redesigning of Tires and the Recycling Process to Maintain an Efficient Circular Economy

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 5204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Dobrotă ◽  
Gabriela Dobrotă ◽  
Tiberiu Dobrescu ◽  
Cristina Mohora
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Points Of View

The redesigning of tires is addressed from two points of view, namely the structure of the materials and the constructive shape of these products. The necessity for research is justified by the fact that even during the product design stage, there may be situations that can irreversibly affect the separation of product components (rubber and insertion), and because it is strictly necessary to achieve the reuse and recycling of waste components. The proposed redesign refers to the inscription of the types of materials that are present in each area on the lateral surface of the tire. Thus, the new redesign has positive effects both economically and socially. To highlight these, a cost-benefit analysis (CBA) has been applied and the net present value (NPV) as well as the internal rate of return (IRR) have been determined for the classic scenario and for the two proposed scenarios. Testing the financial sustainability of the proposed solution was done through sensitivity analysis. An analysis of the new tire design from the point of view of the circular economy was also presented. The results obtained have highlighted the effectiveness of the proposed solution from a technical, economic, social, and protection of the environment point of view.

Methodik zur Bewertung von Flugverfahren hinsichtlich Fluglärm und weiteren Kriterien/Development of a validation procedure for flight procedures based on a cost-benefit analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
M. Müller ◽  
C. Strümpfel
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Flight Operations ◽  
Validation Procedure

Geänderte Betriebsverfahren an Flughäfen können für Bewohner von flughafennahen Gebieten verminderten Fluglärm und verbesserte Luftqualität bedeuten, während in anderen Gebieten im Umkreis von Flughäfen gegensätzliche Effekte zu beobachten sind. Folglich ist an Flughäfen, insbesondere jenen in Industrieländern, ein massiver Interessenkonflikt während des Flugbetriebs und in Hinblick auf Änderungen von flugbetrieblichen Verfahren zu beobachten. Während der Luftverkehr kontinuierlich wächst [1], sind positive wirtschaftliche Effekte für Flughäfen unbestritten. Dennoch konzentriert sich der aktuelle öffentliche Streit auf die Lärmbelastung durch abfliegende und ankommende Flugzeuge sowie den Boden- und Rollverkehr.   Modified operating procedures at airports may mean reduced aircraft noise and improved air quality for residents of near-airport areas, while conflicting effects may be observed in other areas around airports. Consequently, airports, especially those in industrialized countries, are experiencing a massive conflict of interest during flight operations and with regard to changes in flight operations procedures. While aviation continues to grow [1], positive economic effects for airports are undisputed. Nevertheless, the current public dispute focuses on the noise pollution from departing and arriving aircraft as well as ground and taxi traffic.

scholarly journals O SETOR ELÉTRICO E A QUESTÃO AMBIENTAL: ECONOMIA DE MERCADO, ECONOMIA DE COMANDO, ECONOMIA REAL

2003 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Antonio Scarpinella ◽  
Sinclair Mallet Guy Guerra ◽  
Ildo Luis Sauer
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Power Industry ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Economical Analysis ◽  
Historical Examination

O processo de decisões quanto às alterações ambientais causadas pela construção e operação do sistema de produção e transmissão de energia elétrica tem sido tradicionalmente instruído pela sua análise econômica do ponto de vista empresarial. Uma análise custo-benefício seria suficiente, dentro deste enfoque. Entretanto, a natureza dessas alterações transcende o cálculo econômico feito sob os parâmetros da teoria econômica neoclássica. Nada mais distante de uma coletividade de indivíduos que maximizam suas utilidades, do que os indivíduos que têm poder de influir sobre as decisões mais importantes do setor. O exame histórico da evolução do setor elétrico no Brasil mostra um cenário em que diferentes grupos de atores sociais ou stakeholders, vêm aplicando diferentes paradigmas de análise nas decisões quanto ao uso dos recursos hídricos, alterações nos cursos d’água e na atmosfera. O estudo da dinâmica de evolução dos vários atores sociais, e das relações e embates entre eles são fundamentais para a compreensão do processo histórico. Permite também uma adequada separação e atribuição dos interesses e objetivos aos diversos grupos, pressuposto para qualquer tentativa de síntese em nome de um interesse mais amplo. Abstract The decision making process for the environmental alterations caused by the construction and operation of power plants and transmission system has been instructed traditionally by economical analysis of the business point of view. A cost-benefit analysis would be sufficient, inside of this focus. However, the nature of those alterations transcends economic calculations done under the parameters of the neoclassical economical theory. The individuals that have power of influence over the most important decisions of the power industry couldn’t be more distant of a collectivity of individuals that maximize their utilities. The historical examination of the evolution of the power industry in Brazil shows a scenario in that different groups of stakeholders apply different analysis paradigms in the decisions as for the use of hydro resources, alterations in the water bodies and in the atmosphere. The study of the dynamics of the several social actors’ evolution, and of the relationships and collisions among them are fundamental for the understanding of the historical process. It also allows an appropriate separation and attribution of the interests and objectives to the several groups, presupposition for any synthesis attempt on behalf of a wider interest.

Public Sector Investment Planning for Developing Countries By E. V. K. FitzGerald. London : MacMillan Press Ltd. 1978. xv + 200 pp.Price : £ Stg. 3.50.

1979 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-189
Author(s):  
A. R. Kemal
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Project Evaluation ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Investment Planning ◽  
Evaluation Exercise ◽  
Evaluation Techniques

While the book under review provides a critical evaluation of cost-benefit analysis, it mainly focuses on the relevance and utility of project evaluation techniques for development planning. It has been argued in the book that no project can be meaningfully evaluated in isolation because its impact not only is confined to the project itself but tends to spill over to other projects as well. Such spill-over effects become all the more critical when the induced economic effects of that project are not marginal. In addition to the interdependence between projects, the author has drawn attention to an oft-neglected but very important aspect of cost-benefit analysis: Shadow prices are not very meaningful in the context of project evaluation exercise in the real world if they are computed without considering the structure of the economy, the pace of development and income distribution.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document