A 7-year surveillance for ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae at a university hospital in Taiwan: the increase of CTX-M-15 in the ICU

2009 ◽  
Vol 138 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. SHU ◽  
J. H. CHIA ◽  
A. J. KUO ◽  
L. H. SU ◽  
T. L. WU
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Clonal Expansion ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Molecular Investigation ◽  
Resistance Plasmids ◽  
Changing Trend

SUMMARYTo monitor the changing trend of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria, a 7-year continuous study was launched in 2001 at the largest tertiary hospital in Taiwan. A significant increase over the study period was evident for ESBL-producing isolates of Escherichia coli (4·8–10·0%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (15·0–23·4%). Molecular investigation conducted in three separate periods revealed the prevalent ESBL types and their genetic relatedness. CTX-M-producing isolates (73·8%) were more prevalent than SHV-type ESBLs (37·0%), the most frequent being CTX-M-14 (34·3%), CTX-M-3 (25·9%), and SHV-12 (25·7%). However, a marked increase of CTX-M-15-producing isolates from 2·1% in 2002 to 29·6% in 2007 was also noted. The increase of ESBL-producing isolates in both species may be mainly due to the horizontal transmission of resistance plasmids, while clonal expansion of some epidemic strains further added to the dispersion of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli harbouring extended spectrum beta-lactamases and carbapenemases genes at a tertiary hospital, Kenya

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Maina ◽  
Gunturu Revathi ◽  
Andrew C. Whitelaw
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases ◽  
Sub Saharan

Background. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram negative rods are increasingly being reported in sub-Saharan Africa. Molecular investigations play an important role, alongside other measures, in controlling nosocomial infections attributed to these organisms. This study aimed to determine the common extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) and carbapenemases genes, and clonal relationship in MDR Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. Methods. Fifty-four MDR isolates collected at the Aga Khan University hospital, Nairobi in the month of August 2012 formed the study. These were picked after an increase in the number of resistant strains during the said period was experienced. Results. blaCTXM was present in 41 (74%) of the isolates, while blaSHV was detected in 18 (33%) and blaTEM in 13 (24%) of the isolates. Nine (16.7%) of the isolates harboured all three ESBL genes and 8 (14.8%) harboured two. Eight of the isolates (all E. coli) had none of the ESBL genes tested. Two isolates harboured carbapenemases genotypes: one had blaNDM-1 and the other blaSPM. Sequencing matched CTXM-15 and TEM-1 genes in all the isolates harbouring blaCXTM and blaTEM respectively. However, there was diversity in blaSHV with SHV-11 and SHV-12 genes predominant. The isolates were non-clonal. Conclusions. The isolates mostly harboured blaCTX-M-15 while only a few had carbapenemases genes. Lack of clonality suggests these were the stable circulating strains at the time of the study.

scholarly journals Survey of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases in Clinical Isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae: Prevalence of TEM-52 in Korea

1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1758-1763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyunjoo Pai ◽  
Sen Lyu ◽  
Ji Hyang Lee ◽  
Jungmin Kim ◽  
Youngmi Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
High Prevalence

Two hundred ninety isolates of Escherichia coli were investigated for the production of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs). Fourteen (4.8%) of the 290 strains were found to produce ESBLs. Each of the 14 strains produced one or two ESBLs, as follows: 10 strains produced TEM-52, 1 strain produced SHV-2a, 1 strain produced SHV-12, 1 strain produced a CMY-1-like enzyme, and 1 strain expressed SHV-2a and a CMY-1-like enzyme. Another two strains for which the MICs of ceftazidime and cefoxitin were high, were probable AmpC enzyme hyperproducers. Because of the high prevalence of TEM-52 in E. coli isolates, we further investigated the TEM-type ESBLs produced by Klebsiella pneumoniae in order to observe the distribution of TEM-52 enzymes among Enterobacteriaceae in Korea. All TEM enzymes produced by 12 strains of K. pneumoniae were identified as TEM-52. To evaluate the genetic relatedness among the organisms, ribotyping of TEM-52-producingE. coli and K. pneumoniae was performed. The ribotyping profiles of the organisms showed similar but clearly different patterns. In conclusion, TEM-52 is the most prevalent TEM-type ESBL in Korea.

scholarly journals Plasmidic resistance to colistin mediated by mcr-1 gene in Escherichia coli clinical isolates in Argentina: A retrospective study, 2012–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Diego Faccone ◽  
Melina Rapoport ◽  
Ezequiel Albornoz ◽  
Federico Celaya ◽  
Juan De Mendieta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Standard Polymerase Chain Reaction

Objective. To describe the resistance profile and the genetic characteristics of Escherichia coli isolates that harbor the mobilizable colistin resistance gene mcr-1 in Argentina. Methods. This was a retrospective study of 192 E. coli isolates positive for mcr-1 obtained from 69 hospitals of Buenos Aires City and 14 Argentinean provinces in 2012 – 2018. The antimicrobial susceptibility was performed by agar diffusion, broth macrodilution, and/or agar dilution. Standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect resistance genes and incompatibility groups; specific PCR was applied to discriminate between blaCTX-M allelic groups and mcr-1.5 variant. The genetic relatedness among isolates was evaluated by XbaI-pulsed field gel electrophoresis and multilocus sequence typing in a subset of isolates. Results. All E. coli isolates showed minimal inhibitory concentrations to colistin = 4µg/mL; nearly 50% were resistant to third-generation cephalosporins, with CTX-M-2 being the main extended-spectrum β-lactamase detected. Five E. coli were carbapenemase-producers (3 NDM, 2 KPC). The mcr-1.5 variant was detected in 13.5% of the isolates. No genetic relationship was observed among the mcr-1-positive E. coli clinical isolates, but a high proportion (164/192; 85.4%) of IncI2 plasmids was detected. Conclusions. The presence of IncI2 plasmids among highly diverse E. coli clones suggests that the mcr-1 gene’s wide distribution in Argentina may be driven by the horizontal transmission of IncI2 plasmids.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of paediatric gastrointestinal colonisation by extended spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in north-west Cambodia

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
JJ van Aartsen ◽  
CE Moore ◽  
CM Parry ◽  
P Turner ◽  
N Phot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

ABSTRACTExtended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance (ESC-R) in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae is a healthcare threat; high gastrointestinal carriage rates are reported from South-east Asia. Colonisation prevalence data in Cambodia are lacking. We determined gastrointestinal colonisation prevalence of ESC-resistant E. coli (ESC-R-EC) and K. pneumoniae (ESC-R-KP) in Cambodian children/adolescents and associated risk factors; characterised relevant resistance genes, their genetic contexts, and the genetic relatedness of ESC-R strains using whole genome sequencing (WGS). Faeces and questionnaire data were obtained from individuals <16 years in northwestern Cambodia, 2012. WGS of cultured ESC-R-EC/KP was performed (Illumina). Maximum likelihood phylogenies were used to characterise relatedness of isolates; ESC-R-associated resistance genes and their genetic contexts were identified from de novo assemblies using BLASTn and automated/manual annotation. 82/148 (55%) of children/adolescents were ESC-R-EC/KP colonised; 12/148 (8%) were co-colonised with both species. Independent risk factors for colonisation were hospitalisation (OR: 3.12, 95%, CI [1.52-6.38]) and intestinal parasites (OR: 3.11 [1.29-7.51]); school attendance conferred decreased risk (OR: 0.44 [0.21-0.92]. ESC-R strains were diverse; the commonest ESC-R mechanisms were blaCTX-M 1 and 9 sub-family variants. Structures flanking these genes were highly variable, and for blaCTX-M-15,-55and-27, frequently involved IS26. Chromosomal blaCTX-M integration was common in E. coli. Gastrointestinal ESC-R-EC/KP colonisation is widespread in Cambodian children/adolescents; hospital admission and intestinal parasites are independent risk factors. The genetic contexts of blaCTX-M are highly mosaic, consistent with rapid horizontal exchange. Chromosomal integration of blaCTX-M may result in stable propagation in these community-associated pathogens.

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