Trial of a capripoxvirus-rinderpest recombinant vaccine in African
 

cattle

Cattle were vaccinated with differing doses of an equal mixture of capripox-rinderpest recombinant viruses expressing either the fusion protein (F) or the haemagglutinin protein (H) of rinderpest virus. Animals vaccinated with 2 × 104 p.f.u. or greater of the combined viruses were completely protected against challenge, 1 month later, with both virulent rinderpest and lumpy skin disease viruses. Vaccination with any of the doses did not induce any adverse clinical response in the animals or transmission of the vaccine virus between animals. All cattle challenged 6 or 12 months after vaccination with 2 × 105 p.f.u. of the mixture of recombinant viruses were protected from severe rinderpest disease. Ten out of 18 were completely protected while the remaining 8 developed mild clinical signs of rinderpest. Cattle vaccinated with the recombinant vaccines after prior infection with the parental capripox virus showed more marked clinical signs of rinderpest after challenge with virulent rinderpest, but 9 out of 10 recovered, compared with 80% mortality in the unvaccinated controls.

Download Full-text

Long term immunity in African cattle vaccinated with a recombinant capripox-rinderpest virus vaccine

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268801006513 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 128 (2) ◽

pp. 343-349 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

C. K. NGICHABE ◽

H. M. WAMWAYI ◽

E. K. NDUNGU ◽

P. K. MIRANGI ◽

C. J. BOSTOCK ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lethal Dose ◽

Vaccine Virus ◽

Recombinant Vaccines ◽

Rinderpest Virus ◽

Lumpy Skin Disease ◽

African Cattle ◽

Show Evidence ◽

Clinical Responses ◽

Contact Control

Cattle were vaccinated with a recombinant capripox-rinderpest vaccine designed to protect cattle from infection with either rinderpest virus (RPV) or lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV). Vaccination did not induce any adverse clinical responses or show evidence of transmission of the vaccine virus to in-contact control animals. Approximately 50% of the cattle were solidly protected from challenge with a lethal dose of virulent RPV 2 years after vaccination while at 3 years approx. 30% were fully protected. In the case of LSDV, all of 4 vaccinated cattle challenged with virulent LSDV at 2 years were completely protected from clinical disease while 2 of 5 vaccinated cattle were completely protected at 3 years. The recombinant vaccine showed no loss of potency when stored lyophylized at 4 °C for up to 1 year. These results indicate that capripoxvirus is a suitable vector for the development of safe, effective and stable recombinant vaccines for cattle.

Download Full-text

Protection of cattle against rinderpest and lumpy skin disease with a recombinant capripoxvirus expressing the fusion protein gene of rinderpest virus

Veterinary Record ◽

10.1136/vr.135.7.152 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 135 (7) ◽

pp. 152-154 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

C. Romero ◽

T. Barrett ◽

R. Kitching ◽

V. Carn ◽

D. Black

Keyword(s):

Fusion Protein ◽

Skin Disease ◽

Protein Gene ◽

Rinderpest Virus ◽

Lumpy Skin Disease

Download Full-text

Development of a Safe and Highly Efficient Inactivated Vaccine Candidate against Lumpy Skin Disease Virus

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines9010004 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 4

Author(s):

Janika Wolff ◽

Tom Moritz ◽

Kore Schlottau ◽

Donata Hoffmann ◽

Martin Beer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skin Disease ◽

Animal Health ◽

Vaccine Virus ◽

Lumpy Skin Disease ◽

Virus Shedding ◽

Clinical Protection ◽

Inactivated Vaccines ◽

Disease Free ◽

World Organisation ◽

Free Status

Capripox virus (CaPV)-induced diseases (lumpy skin disease, sheeppox, goatpox) are described as the most serious pox diseases of livestock animals, and therefore are listed as notifiable diseases under guidelines of the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE). Until now, only live-attenuated vaccines are commercially available for the control of CaPV. Due to numerous potential problems after vaccination (e.g., loss of the disease-free status of the respective country, the possibility of vaccine virus shedding and transmission as well as the risk of recombination with field strains during natural outbreaks), the use of these vaccines must be considered carefully and is not recommended in CaPV-free countries. Therefore, innocuous and efficacious inactivated vaccines against CaPV would provide a great tool for control of these diseases. Unfortunately, most inactivated Capripox vaccines were reported as insufficient and protection seemed to be only short-lived. Nevertheless, a few studies dealing with inactivated vaccines against CaPV are published, giving evidence for good clinical protection against CaPV-infections. In our studies, a low molecular weight copolymer-adjuvanted vaccine formulation was able to induce sterile immunity in the respective animals after severe challenge infection. Our findings strongly support the possibility of useful inactivated vaccines against CaPV-infections, and indicate a marked impact of the chosen adjuvant for the level of protection.

Download Full-text

Rinderpest Virus Phosphoprotein Gene Is a Major Determinant of Species-Specific Pathogenicity

Journal of Virology ◽

10.1128/jvi.78.12.6676-6681.2004 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 78 (12) ◽

pp. 6676-6681 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Misako Yoneda ◽

Ryuichi Miura ◽

Thomas Barrett ◽

Kyoko Tsukiyama-Kohara ◽

Chieko Kai

Keyword(s):

Body Weight Gain ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Lymphoid Tissues ◽

Rinderpest Virus ◽

N Protein ◽

Recombinant Viruses ◽

P Gene ◽

Species Specific ◽

High Virus ◽

Phosphoprotein Gene

ABSTRACT We previously demonstrated that the rinderpest virus (RPV) hemagglutinin (H) protein plays an important role in determining host range but that other viral proteins are clearly required for full RPV pathogenicity to be manifest in different species. To examine the effects of the RPV nucleocapsid (N) protein and phosphoprotein (P) genes on RPV cross-species pathogenicity, we constructed two new recombinant viruses in which the H and P or the H, N, and P genes of the cattle-derived RPV RBOK vaccine were replaced with those from the rabbit-adapted RPV-Lv strain, which is highly pathogenic in rabbits. The viruses rescued were designated recombinant RPV-lapPH (rRPV-lapPH) and rRPV-lapNPH, respectively. Rabbits inoculated with RPV-Lv become feverish and show leukopenia and a decrease in body weight gain, while clinical signs of infection are never observed in rabbits inoculated with RPV-RBOK or with rRPV-lapH. However, rabbits inoculated with either rRPV-lapPH or rRPV-lapNPH became pyrexic and showed leukopenia. Further, histopathological lesions and high virus titers were clearly observed in the lymphoid tissues from animals infected with rRPV-lapPH or rRPV-lapNPH, although they were not observed in rabbits infected with RPV-RBOK or rRPV-lapH. The clinical, virological, and histopathological signs in rabbits infected with the two new recombinant viruses did not differ significantly; therefore, the RPV P gene was considered to be a key determinant of cross-species pathogenicity.

Download Full-text

Epidemiological features of lumpy skin disease outbreaks amongst herds of cattle in Bokkos, north-central Nigeria

Sokoto Journal of Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.4314/sokjvs.v19i2.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 81-88

Author(s):

R.B. Atai ◽

O.S. Olaolu ◽

J.A. Adole ◽

I. Haruna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skin Disease ◽

Group Discussion ◽

Market Price ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Epidemiological Survey ◽

Pcr Analysis ◽

North Central ◽

Lumpy Skin Disease ◽

Viral Attachment

Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) is a severe viral transboundary disease of mostly cattle caused by LSD Virus (LSDV). This epidemiological survey of LSD amongst herds of cattle in Bokkos Local Government Area (LGA) of North Central Nigeria was carried out in 2019 as a response to farmers’ reports of repeated outbreaks of LSD in their herds of cattle. A focused group discussion with cattle farmers purposefully selected was used for the disease investigation and data collection. Twelve skin scab samples were collected from suspected cases within the study area. The viral attachment protein gene of the LSDV was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Analysis of the focus group discussion revealed that all farmers interviewed practiced extensive farm management system and claimed that their animals shared same communal water points and grazing area. Furthermore, 47% (7/15) of the farmers have experienced LSD twice in their herds, while 27% (4/15) have had the outbreak thrice on their farms. The morbidity rates of LSD were 3% – 49% and mortality rates were 1% – 6%. Sixty percent of farmers claimed that incidence of LSD is related to season of the year. All farmers sell off their sick animals in the livestock market and confirmed LSD affects market price of their animals. PCR results revealed that in 91.6% (11/12) samples analysed, LSDV was detected. This study confirms LSD outbreaks based on PCR result and clinical signs and symptoms in Butura, Daffo and Kunduk of Bokkos LGA, North Central Nigeria.

Download Full-text

Lumpy Skin Disease in Calves: The Association Between Clinical Signs and Biochemical Alterations

Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.17582/journal.aavs/2021/9.11.1863.1868 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

Author(s):

Sherin R. Rouby ◽

Olfat Shehata ◽

Ahmed S. Abdel-Moneim ◽

Khaled H. Hussein ◽

Mourad Mahmoud Mahmoud

Keyword(s):

Skin Disease ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Lumpy Skin Disease ◽

Biochemical Alterations

Download Full-text

Cytomegaloviruses. Rinderpest Virus. Lumpy Skin Disease Virus

10.1007/978-3-662-39771-8 ◽

1968 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

J. B. Hanshaw ◽

W. Plowright ◽

K. E. Weiss

Keyword(s):

Disease Virus ◽

Skin Disease ◽

Rinderpest Virus ◽

Lumpy Skin Disease ◽

Lumpy Skin Disease Virus

Download Full-text

Mechanical Transmission of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus by Stomoxys spp. (Stomoxys calsitrans, Stomoxys sitiens, Stomoxys indica), Diptera: Muscidae

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10030477 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 477

Author(s):

Arman Issimov ◽

Lespek Kutumbetov ◽

Mukhit B. Orynbayev ◽

Berik Khairullin ◽

Balzhan Myrzakhmetova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Disease Virus ◽

Skin Disease ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Severe Case ◽

Mechanical Transmission ◽

Lumpy Skin Disease ◽

Lumpy Skin Disease Virus ◽

First Time

Samples collected for PCR from recipient animals tested positive in 5 out of 6 cases, while the virus was isolated from 4 of 6 animals. The clinical signs exhibited by recipient animals were mostly moderate in nature with only one severe case. To our knowledge, this is the first time that transmission of LSDV by three Stomoxys species has been demonstrated, and their role as mechanical vectors of LSDV is indicated.

Download Full-text

Molecular characterization of lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) emerged in Bangladesh reveals unique genetic features compared to contemporary field strains

BMC Veterinary Research ◽

10.1186/s12917-021-02751-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shukes Chandra Badhy ◽

Mohammad Golam Azam Chowdhury ◽

Tirumala Bharani Kumar Settypalli ◽

Giovanni Cattoli ◽

Charles Euloge Lamien ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Middle East ◽

Molecular Characterization ◽

Disease Virus ◽

Skin Disease ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Sequence Alignments ◽

Multiple Sequence ◽

Lumpy Skin Disease ◽

Lumpy Skin Disease Virus

Abstract Background Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a contagious viral disease of cattle caused by lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV). LSD has recently spread in Asia following outbreaks in the Middle East and Europe. The disease emerged in Bangladesh in July 2019 in the Chattogram district, then rapidly spread throughout the entire country. We investigated six LSD outbreaks in Bangladesh to record the clinical signs and collect samples for diagnostic confirmation. Furthermore, we performed the molecular characterization of Bangladesh isolates, analyzing the full RPO30 and GPCR genes and the partial EEV glycoprotein gene. Results Clinical observations revealed common LSD clinical signs in the affected cattle. PCR and real-time PCR, showed the presence of the LSDV genome in samples from all six districts. Phylogenetic analysis and detailed inspection of multiple sequence alignments revealed that Bangladesh isolates differ from common LSDV field isolates encountered in Africa, the Middle East, and Europe, as well as newly emerged LSDV variants in Russia and China. Instead, they were closely related to LSDV KSGP-0240, LSDV NI2490, and LSDV Kenya. Conclusions These results show the importance of continuous monitoring and characterization of circulating strains and the need to continually refine the strategies for differentiating vaccine strains from field viruses.

Download Full-text