The Relation between Jeremy Bentham's Psychological, and his Ethical, Hedonism

Utilitas ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. S. Sprigge
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
The State ◽  
The Senses ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Psychological Hedonism

The relationship between Bentham's ‘enunciative principle’ (that each person's sole ultimate motive is the maximization of their own happiness) and his ‘censorial principle’ (that it is the effects on the happiness of all affected which determines what they ought to do) is famously problematic. The problem's solution is that each person has an overwhelming interest in living in a community in which they, like others, are liable to punishment for behaviour condemned by the censorial principle (and in some cases rewarded for behaviour which it favours) either by the institutions of the state or by the tribunal of public opinion. The senses in which Bentham did and did not think everyone selfish are examined, and a less problematic form of psychological hedonism than Bentham's is proposed.

Anti-immigration attitudes and the opposition to European integration: A critical assessment

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cigdem Kentmen-Cin ◽  
Cengiz Erisen
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
The State ◽  
Immigrant Population ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Immigration Attitudes ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this overview is to critically examine the state of research on the relationship between anti-immigrant attitudes and attitudes toward European integration. We argue that the two most commonly used measures of anti-immigrant attitudes do not fully capture perceived threats from immigrants and opinion about different immigrant groups. Future research should pay more attention to two particular issues: first, scholars could employ methodological techniques that capture the underlying constructs associated with attitudes and public opinion; second, researchers could differentiate between groups within the overall immigrant population. This overview identifies themes in the literature while drawing attention to the need for more research on the behavioral underpinnings of anti-immigrant attitudes and public opinion on European integration.

Public Opinion and Press Management

2019 ◽  
pp. 167-193
Author(s):  
Anna Ross
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Public Sphere ◽  
Public Debate ◽  
The State ◽  
German States ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Press Office

This chapter explores the adoption of a system of press management by the Brandenburg–Manteuffel and Manteuffel Ministries of State in the 1850s. Press management included the institutionalization of a press office, which was responsible for the production of daily reports on the state of the news. It also included the production of official newspapers, circulation of government friendly articles, and granting of subventions to non-oppositional papers. Yet it soon became clear that the office could not shape public debate, as had been hoped. The disappointing results of official press measures in Prussia and other German states meant that governments had increasingly to show themselves willing to open up the workings of the state to greater scrutiny through a circulation of state materials. This would shift the relationship between the state and public sphere, especially after the unification of the German states.

Prisoners’ Families, Public Opinion, and the State

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Scharff Smith
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
The State ◽  
Emile Durkheim ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
Current State ◽  
Expression Of Emotion ◽  
Criminal Justice Systems ◽  
Rational Control ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter moves the focus from the offender-state binary to a broader discussion about the relationship between penal policies, prisons, and society. It does so using a partly Durkheimian approach. The sociologist Émile Durkheim saw the function of the institutions of penality less as a form of instrumental rationality and more as a kind of routinized expression of emotion. According to such an approach, thinking of punishment as a calculated instrument for the rational control of conduct would be to miss its essential character, to mistake superficial form for true content since the essence of punishment is irrational, unthinking emotion fixed by a sense of the sacred and its violation. Furthermore, this chapter suggests that interpreting and implementing the rights of prisoners’ children and families provides a perspective on criminal justice systems, which can potentially change the current state-offender dynamic.

Emotion Appraisals Predict Neuroticism and Extraversion

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Andrew Comensoli ◽  
Carolyn MacCann
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
The State ◽  
The Relationship

The current study proposes and refines the Appraisals in Personality (AIP) model in a multilevel investigation of whether appraisal dimensions of emotion predict differences in state neuroticism and extraversion. University students (N = 151) completed a five-factor measure of trait personality, and retrospectively reported seven situations from the previous week, giving state personality and appraisal ratings for each situation. Results indicated that: (a) trait neuroticism and extraversion predicted average levels of state neuroticism and extraversion respectively, and (b) five of the examined appraisal dimensions predicted one, or both of the state neuroticism and extraversion personality domains. However, trait personality did not moderate the relationship between appraisals and state personality. It is concluded that appraisal dimensions of emotion may provide a useful taxonomy for quantifying and comparing situations, and predicting state personality.

The elementary forms of digital culture. Knowledge, connections and sociality

2020 ◽  
pp. 316-328
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Susca
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Digital Culture ◽  
Social Boundaries ◽  
Public Spheres ◽  
The Public ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The Senses ◽  
Point Of Intersection ◽  
Dark Web

Contemporary communicative platforms welcome and accelerate a socio-anthropological mutation in which public opinion (Habermas, 1995) based on rational individuals and alphabetic culture gives way to a public emotion whose emotion, empathy and sociality are the bases, where it is no longer the reason that directs the senses but the senses that begin to think. The public spheres that are elaborated in this way can only be disjunctive (Appadurai, 2001), since they are motivated by the desire to transgress the identity, political and social boundaries where they have been elevated and restricted. The more the daily life, in its local intension and its global extension, rests on itself and frees itself from projections or infatuations towards transcendent and distant orders, the more the modern territory is shaken by the forces that cross it and pierce it. non-stop. The widespread disobedience characterizing a significant part of the cultural events that take place in cyberspace - dark web, web porn, copyright infringement, trolls, even irreverent ... - reveals the anomic nature of the societal subjectivity that emerges from the point of intersection between technology and naked life. Behind each of these offenses is the affirmation of the obsolescence of the principles on which much of the modern nation-states and their rights have been based. Each situation in which a tribe, cloud, group or network blends in a state of ecstasy or communion around shared communications, symbols and imaginations, all that surrounds it, in material, social or ideological terms, fades away. in the air, being isolated by the power of a bubble that in itself generates culture, rooting, identification: transpolitic to inhabit

GAGASAN PEMIKIRAN DAN GERAKAN DAKWAH M. NATSIR DI INDONESIA

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-295
Author(s):  
Muridan Muridan
Keyword(s):  
Boarding School ◽  
Religious Discourse ◽  
The State ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Islamic Values

M. Natsir was one of the most prominent figures in religious discourse and movement in Indonesia. He was ada’wa reformer as well as a politician and a statesman.His most well known ideas were about the relationship between Islamand state, Islam and Pancasila, and his idea on da’wa. He stated that a country would be Islamic because of neither itsformal name as an Islamic state nor its Islamic state principles. The principles of the state could be generally formulated aslong as they referred to the Islamic values. Natsir also stated that the essence of Pancasila didn’t contradict with Islam; evensome parts of it went after the goals of Islam. However, it didn’t mean that Pancasila was identical with Islam. In relation toda’wa, he stated that it should be the responsibility of all Muslims, not only the responsibility of kiai or ulama. To make a da’wamovement successful, he suggested that it needed three integrated components; masjid, Islamic boarding school, andcampus.

Gagasan Pemikiran dan Gerakan Dakwah M. Natsir di Indonesia

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-74
Author(s):  
Muridan Muridan
Keyword(s):  
Boarding School ◽  
Religious Discourse ◽  
The State ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Islamic Values

M. Natsir was one of the most prominent figures in religious discourse and movement in Indonesia. He was ada’wa reformer as well as a politician and a statesman. His most well known ideas were about the relationship between Islamand state, Islam and Pancasila, and his idea on da’wa. He stated that a country would be Islamic because of neither itsformal name as an Islamic state nor its Islamic state principles. The principles of the state could be generally formulated aslong as they referred to the Islamic values. Natsir also stated that the essence of Pancasila didn’t contradict with Islam; evensome parts of it went after the goals of Islam. However, it didn’t mean that Pancasila was identical with Islam. In relation toda’wa, he stated that it should be the responsibility of all Muslims, not only the responsibility of kyai or ulama. To make ada’wamovement successful, he suggested that it needed three integrated components; masjid, Islamic boarding school, andcampus.

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