Severe decline in Cantabrian Capercaillie Tetrao urogallus cantabricus habitat use after construction of a wind farm

SummaryTetrao urogallus cantabricus is the most endangered capercaillie subspecies and unlike the others it inhabits deciduous forests in the Cantabrian Mountains (north-west Spain). Its southernmost distribution occurs in Mediterranean forests outside conservation areas where wind farm construction is increasing. We surveyed Cantabrian Capercaillie presence in a wintering site one year before and four years after wind farm construction. Sign abundance greatly decreased after wind farm construction indicating a likely negative effect on Cantabrian Capercaillie habitat use. According to the precautionary principle, in order to conserve Cantabrian Capercaillie, all its range should be legally protected to avoid further wind farm construction and human disturbance.

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Trends in the abundance of Cantabrian Capercaillie Tetrao urogallus cantabricus at leks on the southern slope of the Cantabrian Mountains, north-west Spain

Bird Conservation International ◽

10.1017/s0959270905000626 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 397-409 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

CÉSAR J. POLLO ◽

LUIS ROBLES ◽

JUAN M. SEIJAS ◽

ÁNGEL GARCÍA-MIRANDA ◽

RAFAEL OTERO

Keyword(s):

Population Decline ◽

Small Population ◽

Limiting Factors ◽

Tetrao Urogallus ◽

Southern Slope ◽

Cantabrian Mountains ◽

North West ◽

Area Of Occupancy ◽

Tetrao Urogallus Cantabricus ◽

Number Of Males

We analysed the trend of the number of singing males of Cantabrian Capercaillie Tetrao urogallus cantabricus in 207 leks on the southern slope of the Cantabrian mountains, north-west Spain, in the period 1981 to 2003. The area of occupancy in 1981–1982 covered up to approximately 2,070 km2, but in 2000–2003 it was 693 km2, a 66% area reduction in 22 years. The 1981–1982 census estimated a minimum number of 274 singing male Capercaillie on the southern slope, but in 2000–2003 only an estimated 81 males were recorded, a reduction of 70%. A linear regression was used to detect and describe the changes in the size of the total population of the southern slope as well as individual subpopulations. The overall trend for the total subpopulations was a significant decrease in the number of males (y = 39.94−0.018x; R2 = 0.944, P < 0.001). The negative regression slopes indicated that the number of males had fallen in all the subpopulations considered. In the western core area the greatest annual mean rate of decline was detected in the Sierra de Picos de Ancares subpopulation (−6.22%) and in the eastern core in the Sierra de Riaño subpopulation (−3.43%). The principal local limiting factors (habitat fragmentation, human disturbance, small population size and competition) that have caused the population decline are discussed, together with the demographic, genetic and evolutionary consequences for the surviving subpopulations.

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Linking fish and crustacean taxonomic composition with seasonal contrasts in the soft-bottom intertidal zone

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/1519-6984.234129 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

M. A. Gondal ◽

S. Iqbal ◽

U. Atique ◽

N. U. Saher ◽

N. A. Qureshi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Water Temperature ◽

Fish Species ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Taxonomic Composition ◽

Primary Objective ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Fish Species Composition ◽

One Year ◽

Sw Monsoon

Abstract The primary objective of this study was to investigate the seasonal fish and crustacean variations concerning taxonomic composition, species richness, and diversity in sandy beach habitat. For this purpose, we investigated the Sonmiani Hor lagoon area during four distinct seasons, i.e., northeast (NE) monsoon, pre-monsoon, south-west (SW) monsoon, and post-monsoon for one year. During each haul, the net was pulled about 100m along the beach in 0.5m depth. The results showed a strong linear correlation between the diversity index and equitability in fishes (r = 0.978). The diversity index was strong negatively correlated with the abundance and biomass (r = -0.978, -0.972, respectively). The physical attributes like sea surface water temperature and salinity showed a strong negative effect on species assemblages (r = -0.981 and -0.943, respectively). The mean air and water temperature illustrated approximately 3°C difference during NE and pre-monsoon seasons. However, salinity, pH, and electrical conductivity did not show any significant seasonal variabilities. Under the ecological indices, the fish species displayed higher diversity (H’ = 3.19) during SW monsoon, whereas the lowest diversity was observed during pre-monsoon (H’ = 1.58). The equitability and species richness, however, remained more noticeable during SW monsoon (J’ = 0.81). The total number of individuals of fish and crustaceans reached 4799 with 3813 fish individuals and 986 individuals of crustaceans. A total of 27 families of fish while five crustacean families comprising of 30 genera and 38 fish species while ten genera and 17 species of crustaceans were recorded. Liza subviridis displayed the highest abundance among the sampled fish species. In conclusion, fish species constituted a significant part of the coastal fauna in the study area. The seasonal variations displayed distinct variations in fish species composition and diversity.

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Upernavik 98: reconnaissance mineral exploration in North-West Greenland

Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin ◽

10.34194/ggub.v183.5203 ◽

1999 ◽

pp. 39-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bjørn Thomassen ◽

Johannes Kyed ◽

Agnete Steenfelt ◽

Tapani Tukiainen

Keyword(s):

Mineral Exploration ◽

Mining Industry ◽

Field Work ◽

Geological Survey ◽

Original Series ◽

West Greenland ◽

North West ◽

One Year

NOTE: This article was published in a former series of GEUS Bulletin. Please use the original series name when citing this article, for example: Thomassen, B., Kyed, J., Steenfelt, A., & Tukiainen, T. (1999). Upernavik 98: reconnaissance mineral exploration in North-West Greenland. Geology of Greenland Survey Bulletin, 183, 39-45. https://doi.org/10.34194/ggub.v183.5203 _______________ The Upernavik 98 project is a one-year project aimed at the acquisition of information on mineral occurrences and potential in North-West Greenland between Upernavik and Kap Seddon, i.e. from 72°30′ to 75°30′N (Fig. 1A). A similar project, Karrat 97, was carried out in 1997 in the Uummannaq region 70°30′–72°30′N (Steenfelt et al. 1998a). Both are joint projects between the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) and the Bureau of Minerals and Petroleum (BMP), Government of Greenland, and wholly funded by the latter. The main purpose of the projects is to attract the interest of the mining industry. The field work comprised systematic drainage sampling, reconnaissance mineral exploration and spectroradiometric measurements of rock surfaces.

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Effects of serpentinite fertilizer on the chemical properties and enzyme activity of young spruce soils

International Agrophysics ◽

10.1515/intag-2016-0015 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 401-414 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ewa Błońska ◽

Kazimierz Januszek ◽

Stanisław Małek ◽

Tomasz Wanic

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Activity ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

Tree Roots ◽

Forest Zone ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Phosphorus And Potassium ◽

One Year ◽

Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽

Experimental Plots

AbstractThe experimental plots used in the study were located in the middle forest zone (elevation: 900-950 m a.s.l.) on two nappes of the flysch Carpathians in southern Poland. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of serpentinite in combination with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers on selected chemical properties of the soil and activity of dehydrogenase and urease in the studied soils. All fertilizer treatments significantly enriched the tested soils in magnesium. The use of serpentinite as a fertilizer reduced the molar ratio of exchangeable calcium to magnesium, which facilitated the uptake of magnesium by tree roots due to competition between calcium and magnesium. After one year of fertilization on the Wisła experimental plot, the pH of the Ofh horizon increased, while the pH of the mineral horizons significantly decreased. Enrichment of serpentinite with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers stimulated the dehydrogenase activity in the studied organic horizon. The lack of a negative effect of the serpentinite fertilizer on enzyme activity in the spruce stand soil showed that the concentrations of the heavy metals added to the soil were not high enough to be toxic and indicated the feasibility of using this fertilizer in forestry.

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Analysis of Single-Vehicle Crash Injury Severities in Urban River-Crossing Road Tunnels

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.743.526 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 743 ◽

pp. 526-532 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

C.M. Jiang ◽

J.J. Lu ◽

L.J. Lu

Keyword(s):

Heavy Vehicles ◽

Probit Regression ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Explanatory Variables ◽

Urban Road ◽

Road Tunnels ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Single Vehicle ◽

Injury Severities ◽

One Year

Based on the originally unprocessed data from the Official Platform of“110”Alarming Receiving Center (OP110ARC) of Shanghai Public Security Bureau (SPSB), 529 single-vehicle crashes reported during one year and a half which happened at the thirteen urban road tunnels going across the Huangpu River are used in this study. To investigate the factors affecting the crash influence severity levels, ordered probit regression is established. Several categories of factors are considered as explanatory variables in the models. The study finds that the entrance of the tunnels is the site where severe injury crashes trend to occur. Rainy and snowy days impose vehicles and motorists driving via the tunnel sections in danger. Tunnels with a low speed limit (40 km/h in this study) may be not as safe as we thought before. Two-wheel vehicles without sufficient physical protection for its drivers and heavy vehicles also show a negative effect on the operation safety of single-vehicle at these studied tunnels. Alcohol involved drivers are more likely to suffer from a severe crashes and gets badly hurt.

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THE PERSISTENCE AND EFFECTS OF NON-WATER-BASED DRILLING FLUIDS ON AUSTRALIA'S NORTH WEST SHELF: PROGRESS FINDINGS FROM THREE SEABED SURVEYS

The APPEA Journal ◽

10.1071/aj98044 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 647 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

G.A. Oliver ◽

S.J. Fisher

Keyword(s):

Biological Effects ◽

Drilling Fluids ◽

Well Drilling ◽

North West ◽

Sediment Dispersal ◽

Discharge Point ◽

The North ◽

Sediment Redistribution ◽

Water Based ◽

One Year

The effects and persistence of non-water-based drilling fluids discharged into the marine environment were investigated at three locations on Western Australia's North West Shelf (NWS), namely the North Rankin 4A' (NRA) drilling platform, the Wanaea–6 production well and the Lynx–la exploration well. For the multiple-well drilling operation at NRA, acute biological effects at the completion of drilling were restricted to within 400 m in the direction of the prevailing current. High total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) concentrations within the NRA cuttings pile persisted between 1991 and 1993. Away from the cuttings pile itself, a consistent downward trend in TPH concentrations was evident, indicating an approximate half-life of one year for surface sediments. Three years after the completion of drilling at Wanaea–6, biological effects appeared to be limited to within 100 m of the cuttings discharge point, with background concentrations of TPH and trace metals occurring near 1,200 m in the direction of the prevailing current. Sediment hydrocarbon concentrations greater than 1 mg/kg were found to be restricted to within 200 m of the cuttings discharge point. Dramatic reductions in TPH and barium concentrations occurred in the 12-month period between the completion of drilling and the follow- up survey at Lynx–la. The reductions are attributed to sediment dispersal mechanisms which appear to play a major role in reducing sediment TPH and trace metal concentrations in mid-shelf water depths (70–80 m) on the NWS. The installation and presence of subsea production facilities may result in sediment redistribution and changed dispersal mechanisms, complicating the interpretation of the presence of contaminants within sediments.

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Simple Techniques for Monitoring Footpath Erosion in Mountain Areas of North-West England

Environmental Conservation ◽

10.1017/s0376892900025443 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 145-148 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Rosalind A. Coleman

Keyword(s):

Aerial Photography ◽

Technical Expertise ◽

Short Term ◽

Mountain Areas ◽

North West ◽

Different Types ◽

Different Seasons ◽

One Year ◽

Site Types

Very precise measurements of the movement of coarse-textured, unconsolidated materials may be meaningless. Therefore the study of individual processes operating on footpaths may require a different approach. However, for identification of changes of reasonable dimensions, methods such as those described above are inexpensive, quick, and require no technical expertise. It may be argued that, for path management, erosion that is too limited to be measured by these methods is too limited to be a problem. It can certainly be argued that the problem of spatial correlation implies a large number of measurements. What is lost in lack of precision may be more than compensated for by the gain in data from the larger area and wider variation in site-types that it is possible to monitor with such simple techniques.To monitor the effects of recreation in mountain areas, it is desirable to be able to measure any change in path-state and relate this to recreation factors at different seasons and under different sit; -conditions. Three methods of measurement have been considered in this paper, corresponding to three time-scales. Aerial photography has been used to demonstrate trends over the long term, and has proved adequate to differentiate between path sections with differing resistance to erosion.Short-term measurement has been carried out relative to known fixed positions. Two methods are suggested. One is less precise, but simple and widely applicable, and can be used for measurement intervals of six months to one year. The other is more detailed and can be used for measurement intervals of a few days, but is limited in its application by practical considerations.It is suggested that simple techniques used at a large number of different types of site may be more effective than detailed measurements at a few sites.

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