scholarly journals Catastrophic decline and subsequent conservation management of the Critically Endangered Fatu Hiva Monarch Pomarea whitneyi in the Marquesas Islands (French Polynesia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 598-615
Author(s):  
THOMAS GHESTEMME ◽  
ARTHUR MATOHI ◽  
CAROLINE BLANVILLAIN ◽  
EMMANUELLE PORTIER ◽  
MADEN LE BARH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
Source Population ◽  
Management Area ◽  
Trapping Method ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
Initial Hypothesis

SummaryThis paper documents the catastrophic decline of the ‘Critically Endangered’ Fatu Hiva Monarch Pomarea whitneyi since 2000 and presents population dynamics and conservation actions for the species between 2008 and 2017. The Fatu Hiva Monarch conservation programme has prevented the extinction of the species thus far. However, after an initial increase in the population size within the management area between 2008 and 2012, recruitment subsequently declined. Improvements in the method of trapping to control cats in 2016 and 2017 coincided with encouraging results in terms of juvenile monarch survival rates, although two adult birds disappeared during the same period. The initial hypothesis, that the population would recover once the main threat, black (or ship) rat Rates Rattus predation, was effectively controlled in the breeding territories, has not proved to be correct. An alternative hypothesis assumes that cat predation, mainly on young birds, is limiting monarch recovery. Control of feral cats has been undertaken since 2010, but the implementation of a new trapping method (leg-hold traps) combined with a significant increase in cat trapping effort, has coincided with an increase in the number of cats culled, as well as monarch post-fledging survival in 2016 and 2017. For the first time in the project, no mortality has been observed for monarch chicks, fledged juveniles or immature birds. If this alternative hypothesis holds, we would expect to recruit young birds into the monarch population in the next year or two. First, this will reduce the likelihood that the Fatu Hiva Monarch will become extinct and second, provide a source population to either repopulate the island following the eradication of rats and cats or to translocate birds to a rat and cat free island.

Breeding biology of the Critically Endangered Tahiti MonarchPomarea nigra, a bird with a low productivity

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 606-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
CAROLINE BLANVILLAIN ◽  
THOMAS GHESTEMME ◽  
TEHANI WITHERS ◽  
MARK O’BRIEN
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Breeding Biology ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Tropical Island ◽  
Island Endemics ◽  
Nest Activity ◽  
Considerable Length ◽  
One Year

SummaryWe studied the breeding biology of Tahiti MonarchPomarea nigra, a ‘Critically Endangered’ forest bird endemic to Tahiti (French Polynesia). Nest activity was monitored from 1998 to 2002, and again from 2008 to 2015. During these 12 years, only 2–13 breeding pairs per year produced hatchlings. Egg-laying occurred all year, but usually increased between August and January, peaking around November. Of the 200 nests monitored, 33 (16%) were abandoned shortly after construction, 71 had an egg laid immediately after the nest were completed (34 %) and 96 nests (46 %) had a pre-incubation phase of 18.9 ± 1.9 days (3–62 days;n= 47 nests), during which the birds visited the nest on an irregular basis. Half (49 of 96) of these nests were abandoned before an egg was laid, with incubation subsequently commencing at the remaining nests (n= 47). Although both sexes incubated for an average of 13.6 ± 0.3 days (range 13–15), the female usually spent more time incubating than the male. Only one young per nest was ever observed. The average nestling phase was 15.5 ± 0.7 days (range 13 to 20 days). Parents continue to feed the young after fledging for 74 ± 4.7 days (range 42–174). As with many tropical island endemics, the Tahiti Monarch has low reproductive productivity as indicated by the fact that: 1) only 56% of pairs attempt to lay an egg in any one year, 2) most pairs attempt only one brood per year and 3) the considerable length of the nesting and fledging phases. Because of its low productivity, maximising the reproductive success of the Tahiti Monarch is essential to secure its recovery.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN ANTARA KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL DENGAN PRESTASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 8 PALU

Aksioma ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Fitrianti Fitrianti ◽  
Bakri Mallo ◽  
Linawati Linawati
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Learning Achievement ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Initial Hypothesis ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
The Relationship

Abstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kecerdasan emosional dengan prestasi belajar matematika siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 8 Palu. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 8 Palu yang terdiri dari 5 kelas. Sampel penelitian diperoleh dengan menggunakan teknik random sampling, jumlah siswa yang menjadi sampel sebanyak 44 orang. Pengumpulan data menggunakan dua instrumen yaitu, kuisioner kecerdasan emosional dan dokumentasi prestasi belajar dari nilai rapor. Hasil analisis data dengan menggunakan uji korelasi product moment diperoleh nilai korelasi r = 0,417. Nilai rtabel = 0,297 untuk N = 44 dengan taraf signifikansi 5%. Nilai rhitung (0,417) > rtabel (0,297) maka diputuskan menerima hipotesis alternatif (H1) dan menolak hipotesis awal (H0). Artinya terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara kecerdasan emosional dengan prestasi belajar matematika siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 8 Palu. Kata kunci: Kecerdasan Emosional dan Prestasi Belajar Matematika The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence with mathematics learning achievement of VIII grade students at SMP Negeri 8 Palu. The population of this study is all students of VIII grade at SMP Negeri 8 Palu consisting of 5 classes. The sample was obtained by using random sampling technique. The total number of the sample was 44 students. The data collection used two instruments, namely, emotional intelligence questionnaire and documentation of learning achievement from the report card. The results of data analysis using product moment correlation test obtained correlation value r = 0.417. Value of rtable = 0,297 for N = 44 with significance level 5%. The value of rcount (0.417)> rtable (0.297) then decided to accept the alternative hypothesis (H1) and reject the initial hypothesis (H0). This means there is a positive and significant relationship between emotional intelligence and mathematics learning achievement of VIII grade students at SMP Negeri 8 Palu. Keywords: Emotional Intelligence and Mathematics Learning Achievement

Renewing hope: the rediscovery of Atelopus varius in Costa Rica

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 573-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
José F. González-Maya ◽  
Jerrold L. Belant ◽  
Sarah A. Wyatt ◽  
Jan Schipper ◽  
Josué Cardenal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Single Location ◽  
Frog Species ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
Remnant Population ◽  
Protected Zone

More than 90% of harlequin frog species (Atelopus spp.), endemic to the Americas, are currently threatened with extinction. We report the discovery of the only currently known breeding population of the Critically Endangered A. varius in Costa Rica. This population was located in 2008 on a private property in Las Tablas Protected Zone near San Vito, Coto Brus at 1300 m elevation. Previously, the only known remaining/remnant population of this species and genus was a single location near Manuel Antonio, Puntarenas, Costa Rica, where two individuals were documented in 2004. Subsequent searches at this location have yielded no additional sightings. Delineating the spatial limits of this population, quantifying demographics and resource use, and implementing conservation actions are necessary to ensure persistence of this population. Conducting additional surveys in this region to ascertain occurrence of additional populations is warranted.

scholarly journals Habitat changes reduce the carrying capacity of Hluhluwe-Umfolozi Park, South Africa, for Critically Endangered black rhinoceros Diceros bicornis

Oryx ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Reid ◽  
Rob Slotow ◽  
Owen Howison ◽  
Dave Balfour
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Source Population ◽  
Black Rhinoceros ◽  
Habitat Changes ◽  
Diceros Bicornis ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Stocking Rates

AbstractThe Critically Endangered black rhinoceros Diceros bicornis occurs mainly in protected areas. Hluhluwe-Umfolozi Park, South Africa, contains a key source population for black rhino conservation, and declining population productivity has been attributed to negative habitat changes and a reduction in carrying capacity. As home range increase may be an index of declining habitat quality we determined the home ranges of the black rhino in the Park and compared these ranges with previous estimates. The average size of the home ranges during 1991–2001 was 23.07 ± SE 0.81 km2, which is 54% greater than in the 1980s. Sex and the availability of water did not influence home ranges. Home ranges decreased in winter. Female:male ratios varied across the Park, indicating that one or both sexes may prefer specific areas. Changes in vegetation structure and composition may have caused rhino to maintain larger ranges in order to meet their nutritional requirements. Ongoing review of stocking rates, population performance (including indicators such as range size), and intervention strategies are necessary to manage black rhino in dynamic savannah ecosystems.

scholarly journals Population status and nest success of the Critically Endangered Mariana Crow Corvus kubaryi on Rota, Northern Mariana Islands

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
LAINIE ZARONES ◽  
ADRIENNE SUSSMAN ◽  
JOHN M. MORTON ◽  
SHELDON PLENTOVICH ◽  
SARAH FAEGRE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nest Success ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Boiga Irregularis ◽  
Mariana Islands ◽  
Northern Mariana Islands ◽  
Critically Endangered Species ◽  
Species Survival ◽  
Neighbouring Island ◽  
Breeding Seasons

SummaryThe Mariana Crow Corvus kubaryi is a Critically Endangered species found only on the island of Rota, Northern Mariana Islands. It was extirpated from the neighbouring island of Guam by the introduced brown tree snake Boiga irregularis and the Rota population has been in decline since at least 1995. We identified only 60 pairs present on Rota in 2007 compared with an estimated 117 pairs in 1998, a decline of nearly 50% in nine years. The decline may be linked to proximity to human activities, though more data are needed. We monitored 204 crow nests between the 1996 and 2009 breeding seasons. Crows initiate clutches between August and April. The overall estimate of nest success was 25.7% (n = 204). On average 49% of pairs produced at least one fledgling per season. The mean number of fledglings per pair per year is 0.66. Mean clutch size was 2.6 (n = 82), mean number of nestlings was 1.4 (n = 106), and mean number of fledglings per nest was 1.3 (n = 68). Daily survival rates declined in later years, and increased during the nest cycle. The number of pairs with successful nests did not change during the study period, nor did the number of fledglings per pair. Predation appeared to be the primary cause of nest failure. The breeding season lasted around nine months and pairs re-nested after failure. Predation of adults and juveniles by cats, combined with possible inbreeding depression, habitat disturbance and human persecution appear to be the cause of decline of the Mariana Crow. We strongly recommend a programme of invasive predator control, habitat maintenance, and captive rearing to ensure the species’ survival.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENINGKATAN KEDISIPLINAN KERJA PEGAWAI PADA DINAS PETERNAKAN KABUPATEN BIMA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Nur Aisyah ◽  
Muhammad Badar
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Test Reliability ◽  
Reliability Test ◽  
Employee Discipline ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Initial Hypothesis ◽  
The One

This study aims to determine all disciplinary levels of ASN work at the Animal Husbandry Service of Bima Regency. The type of research used in this research is descriptive, the data analysis technique used is by using the validity test, reliability test and the one-sample t-test formula. The sample used was 46 ASN people. The results of statistical calculations are obtained, the t-value is -34,372 where the value is greater than the t-table (-34,372> 1,679), so that the hypothesis falls in the rejected area so that the result is Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, the alternative hypothesis (Ha) states that the Discipline of Employee Work at the Animal Husbandry Service in Bima Regency is greater than or equal to 70% of the expected criteria, which is acceptable, and Ho is rejected or the initial hypothesis which shows that the increase in discipline of employee work at the Bima Regency Animal Husbandry Service is less than 70% of the expected criteria. is not yet good unacceptable. In this research, it can be taken from, 1. Increasing Employee Discipline at the Animal Husbandry Service of Bima Regency, based on the results of this study, where there is discipline of attendance / fixed working hours which is quite good, although there are still ASNs who are late for about 10-20 minutes, Because it is greater than 70% of the expected standard, 2. Increased Discipline of Employees who are bigger than uniforms, completing work on time or obeying the regulations are in accordance with the provisions of the regulations that apply to ASN.Kata Kunci: Work Discipline, Level of Discipline, Human Resource Management

scholarly journals A rediscovery for the Colombian flora: Passiflora mariquitensis Mutis ex L.Uribe (Passifloraceae), a species lost for more than two centuries

Check List ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1591-1602
Author(s):  
John A. Ocampo ◽  
Adriana Isabel Velásquez ◽  
José Orlando Velásquez
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
Disturbed Forest

Passiflora mariquitensis Mutis ex L.Uribe, a Colombian endemic species that belongs to the subgenus Astrophea (DC.) Masters, was rediscovered in a disturbed forest in Mariquita (Tolima), where it has not been reported since 1784. We redescribe the species, providing data on morphology, ecology, and geographic distribution. It can be recognized from P. pittieri, its relative species, mainly by 6 or 10 lateral nerves to each side of the leaf, the yellow-white color of the four series of corona filaments, and the presence of rings in the nectary chamber. Passiflora mariquitensis is Critically Endangered due to its restricted occurrence, and conservation actions are urgent.

scholarly journals Spatially Restricted Occurrence and Low Population Abundance Estimates as Key Tools for the Conservation of the Critically Endangered Large Social Antelope in West African Savannah

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mallé Gueye ◽  
Karolína Brandlová ◽  
Thomas Rabeil ◽  
Maniang Mamadou Diop ◽  
Babacar Diop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Individual Recognition ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Spatiotemporal Pattern ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Conservation Area

Abstract Background: The effective conservation of mammals on the brink of extinction requires an integrated socio-ecological approach, yet the knowledge of updated species distribution, population size, and life-history remain fundamental steppingstones in designing successful conservation plans. This study presents the first clarification on the population status of the critically endangered Western Derby eland (WDE) within its last stronghold, based on the first camera trap monitoring in the Niokolo Koba National Park (NKNP, Senegal). The spatiotemporal pattern of WDE behaviour, their population structure (based on individual recognition), age-specific survival rates, and population size estimate were investigated.Results: WDE were recorded during 49 events using dry season deployments (2017, 2018), during which they showed substantially lower occupancy (< 5% of protected area) in comparison to other ungulates in the park. WDE distribution, as of that of many other large mammal species, was strongly localised in the core area of NKNP. Based on the records, WDE were the most active during the hottest periods of the day. Group size ranged from 1 to 32 individuals (mean 7.6 ± SE 8.9), with mixed herds being larger and most frequent compared to others. The adult sex ratio was female-biased, and showed low annual adult male survival rates. The population consisted of a relatively high proportion of juveniles, whilst the proportion of adults did not exceed 40%. The estimated population density is 0.138 WDE/km2 (± 0.0102), with an estimated 195 WDE in NKNP.Conclusions: Findings highlighted that the WDE population has potential to expand in the NKNP, due to an underutilized capacity, and considering the population density. The age-specific vital rates indicate that adult males are the most vulnerable; which suggests either an increase in the large predators’ population, livestock encroachment pressure, and/or poaching. The occurrence of WDE indicated the key conservation area within the park, and together with their active behaviour during daylight periods, this enables the setting up of effective species protection. The findings imply that targeted monitoring with science-based interpretation may bring forward strong conservation solutions to the protected area management decision-makers.

Rafflesia camarinensis (Rafflesiaceae), A New Species from Mt. Asog, Camarines Sur, Luzon Island, Philippines

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Distributed Processes ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
Flower Diameter ◽  
A New Species

Rafflesia camarinensis, a new species of Rafflesia, is described from Mt. Asog, Camarines Sur in southeastern Luzon, Philippines. The species is remarkable in being one of the smallest Rafflesia in the Philippines with flower diameter measuring just 11-13 cm across. It is distinguished from R. baletei from the adjoining Mt. Isarog by various characters more notably its smaller size, dome-shaped perigone lobes, thicker and almost woody texture, less dense warts which are more or less homogeneous and raised, fewer, shorter and randomly distributed processes, and a diaphragm concolorous with the perigone lobes and with continuous thick white warts on its surface. It has a very narrow distribution, is critically endangered and needs immediate conservation actions.

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