scholarly journals Modelling declassification policies using abstract domain completeness

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1253-1299 ◽  
Author(s):  
ISABELLA MASTROENI ◽  
ANINDYA BANERJEE
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Denotational Semantics ◽  
Program Execution ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
The Third ◽  
Trace Semantics ◽  
Third Dimension ◽  
Partition Refinement

This paper explores a three dimensional characterisation of a declassification-based non-interference policy and its consequences. Two of the dimensions consist of specifying:(a)the power of the attacker, that is, what public information a program has that an attacker can observe; and(b)what secret information a program has that needs to be protected.Both these dimensions are regulated by the third dimension:(c)the choice of program semantics, for example, trace semantics or denotational semantics, or any semantics in Cousot's semantics hierarchy.To check whether a program satisfies a non-interference policy, one can compute an abstract domain that over-approximates the information released by the policy and then check whether program execution can release more information than permitted by the policy. Counterexamples to a policy can be generated by using a variant of the Paige–Tarjan algorithm for partition refinement. Given the counterexamples, the policy can be refined so that the least amount of confidential information required for making the program secure is declassified.

Tethering in pastures new

2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (554) ◽  
pp. 233-245
Author(s):  
John D. Mahony
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Other ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
The Third ◽  
Slip Rings

In a recent and illuminating article that provided much food for thought [1], the problem of tethering a goat at the edge of a circular pasture so as to restrict its attentions to only one half of the grazing supply was elegantly addressed and developed further to embrace the corresponding three-dimensional scenario involving a bird. The exercises resulted in mathematical formulations that required the use of numerical methods to extract practical results. Following the article, various questions and different scenarios sprang to my mind. The following poser perhaps best illustrates one of these, and it is the purpose of this Article to address this particular conundrum:A grazier has three troublesome beasts that are water averse, eat grass and who will, given half a chance, eat one another also in some fashion. The first will eat the other two and the second will eat only the third, which eats just grass. Having stabled and fed them in separate stalls during the winter months he plans to release them in the spring to an arbitrarily elliptic shaped pasture up to the water's edge in the middle of a lake. He has at his disposal: (1)A drum of tethering rope from which he can cut just once any required length, TBD (To Be Determined).(2)Slip rings and two tethering pegs that can be positioned only on the pasture boundary (i.e. at the water's edge).

The Bonner Spectral Atlas and Three-Dimensional Classification at Low Dispersions

1976 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
W. C. Seitter
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Late Type ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
Dimensional Classification ◽  
Composite Spectra ◽  
Peculiar Stars ◽  
Ap Stars

Work on the third part of the Bonner Spectral Atlas: Peculiar Stars has well progressed during the past year. Observations of the more than 200 stars – photographed with a dispersion of 240 Å mm−1 at Hγ on I-N plates – is nearing completion.The arrangement of the spectra will be as follows: 1.WR-stars2.O-stars Of sequence3.Peculiar B-type stars emission-line objects4.Ap-stars with various sequences: Cr-Mn-Hg-rare earths5.Asi-stars6.Am-stars7.Late-type peculiar stars Ba II, CH8.C-stars9.Late M-type stars10.S-stars11.Composite spectra12.Spectra with large rotational broadeningThe 12 groups are displayed on 40 plates, each with 6–8 objects. Stars of groups 8 to 10 will be presented with different exposures in order to facilitate the discovery of faint objects.Sample plates will be shown and discussed.

Theory of Electron Diffraction by Crystals

1967 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 422-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyozaburo Kambe
Keyword(s):  
Integral Equation ◽  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Green’S Function ◽  
Green's Function ◽  
Scattering Problem ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Dimension

A general theory of electron diffraction by crystals is developed. The crystals are assumed to be infinitely extended in two dimensions and finite in the third dimension. For the scattering problem by this structure two-dimensionally expanded forms of GREEN’S function and integral equation are at first derived, and combined in single three-dimensional forms. EWALD’S method is applied to sum up the series for GREEN’S function.

scholarly journals Part 2: The Third International Radiocarbon Intercomparison (Tiri)

Radiocarbon ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-328 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Analytical Quality ◽  
The Third ◽  
Self Help ◽  
The World

TIRI was officially launched at the 14th International Radiocarbon Conference in Arizona in 1991. Prior to the conference, 150 laboratories received a letter describing the general intention to organize an intercomparison and over 90 laboratories from around the world responded positively to the invitation to participate. Simply stated, the aims of this intercomparison were: 1.To function as the third arm of the quality assurance (QA) procedure.2.To provide an objective measure of the maintenance and improvement in analytical quality.3.To assist in the development of a “self-help” scheme for participating laboratories.

scholarly journals New insights into the suitability of the third dimension for visualizing multivariate/multidimensional data: A study based on loss of quality quantification

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Gracia ◽  
Santiago González ◽  
Víctor Robles ◽  
Ernestina Menasalvas ◽  
Tatiana von Landesberger
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Distance Perception ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Multidimensional Data ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Representation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Quality Degradation ◽  
Third Dimension

Most visualization techniques have traditionally used two-dimensional, instead of three-dimensional representations to visualize multidimensional and multivariate data. In this article, a way to demonstrate the underlying superiority of three-dimensional, with respect to two-dimensional, representation is proposed. Specifically, it is based on the inevitable quality degradation produced when reducing the data dimensionality. The problem is tackled from two different approaches: a visual and an analytical approach. First, a set of statistical tests (point classification, distance perception, and outlier identification) using the two-dimensional and three-dimensional visualization are carried out on a group of 40 users. The results indicate that there is an improvement in the accuracy introduced by the inclusion of a third dimension; however, these results do not allow to obtain definitive conclusions on the superiority of three-dimensional representation. Therefore, in order to draw further conclusions, a deeper study based on an analytical approach is proposed. The aim is to quantify the real loss of quality produced when the data are visualized in two-dimensional and three-dimensional spaces, in relation to the original data dimensionality, to analyze the difference between them. To achieve this, a recently proposed methodology is used. The results obtained by the analytical approach reported that the loss of quality reaches significantly high values only when switching from three-dimensional to two-dimensional representation. The considerable quality degradation suffered in the two-dimensional visualization strongly suggests the suitability of the third dimension to visualize data.

Commission 49: The Interplanetary Plasma and the Heliosphere (Plasma Intsrplanetaire Et L’heliosphere)

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 677-681
Author(s):  
S. Grzedzielski ◽  
L.F. Burlaga
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Local Interstellar Medium ◽  
Solar Origin ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Interplanetary Plasma ◽  
Solar Wind Composition

The area of interest to the Commission includes: 1.Solar wind composition and dynamics;2.Solar Interaction of solar wind with extended interplanetary sources of plasma and gases of non-solar origin;3.SolarStructure and dynamics of the three-dimensional heliosphere;4.SolarInteraction of heliosphere with the local interstellar medium.The following reports summarize recent developments in the aforementioned fields.

People Planning by a Fixed Resource Method

1972 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 799-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Baird ◽  
Virgil Graf ◽  
Richard Degerman
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Outer Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Third ◽  
Complex Stimuli ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Third Dimension ◽  
The Ideal

Results are presented from a new method to determine a person's conception of complex stimuli. In three related experiments Ss expressed their views of ideal organisms by distributing a fixed resource among hypothetical properties of the ideal. The results from the experiments were highly correlated, lending weight to the reliability and generality of the approach. Cluster analysis and multidimensional scaling were used to group the properties in two dimensions, while the mean amount allocated to a property was represented in the third dimension. A three-dimensional plot was constructed for each of four ideals: the only organism on earth, a member of the only species on earth, an organism going into outer space, and an organism coming to earth from outer space.

Real-Time Soft Shadow Generating in Three-Dimensional Scene

2010 ◽  
Vol 34-35 ◽  
pp. 217-221
Author(s):  
Lei Xiao ◽  
Cheng Liu ◽  
Xi Long Qu
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Complex Scene ◽  
The Third ◽  
Cast Shadow ◽  
Shadow Mapping ◽  
Soft Shadow ◽  
Shadow Map ◽  
Third Dimension

For the sake of improving the third dimension of 3D scenes, we analyze the existent real-time shadow generating algorithms, and improve the Chan’s smoothie soft shadow algorithm, make it based on shadow map, and treat with both the inner and outer penumbra. It not only effectively resolves the problems such as some algorithms can not cast shadow on itself and some are too complex, it also solves the aliasing problems of shadow mapping, and it meet the requirements of real-time in more complex scene. At last, the algorithm is emulated with DirectX, and the experimental results show the feasibility of the algorithm.

Experimental investigation of freely falling thin disks. Part 2. Transition of three-dimensional motion from zigzag to spiral

2013 ◽  
Vol 732 ◽  
pp. 77-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cunbiao Lee ◽  
Zhuang Su ◽  
Hongjie Zhong ◽  
Shiyi Chen ◽  
Mingde Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Reynolds Number ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Free Fall ◽  
Kirchhoff Equations ◽  
The Third ◽  
Nutation Angle ◽  
Transition Modes ◽  
Third Dimension ◽  
Thin Disks

AbstractThe free-fall motion of a thin disk with small dimensionless moments of inertia (${I}^{\ast } \lt 1{0}^{- 3} $) was investigated experimentally. The transition from two-dimensional zigzag motion to three-dimensional spiral motion occurs due to the growth of three-dimensional disturbances. Oscillations in the direction normal to the zigzag plane increase with the development of this instability. At the same time, the oscillation of the nutation angle decreases to zero and the angle remains constant. The effects of initial conditions (release angle) were investigated. Two kinds of transition modes, zigzag–spiral transition and zigzag–spiral–zigzag intermittence transition, were observed to be separated by a critical Reynolds number. In addition, the solution of the generalized Kirchhoff equations shows that the small ${I}^{\ast } $ is responsible for the growth of disturbances in the third dimension (perpendicular to the planar motion).

scholarly journals Effect of ROCK Pathway Manipulation on Actin Cytoskeleton Architecture: The Third Dimension

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolin Grandy ◽  
Fabian Port ◽  
Jonas Pfeil ◽  
Kay-Eberhard Gottschalk
Keyword(s):  
Actin Cytoskeleton ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Cell Shape ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Structural Behaviour ◽  
Actin Organization ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Dimension

Abstract The actin cytoskeleton with its dynamic properties serves as the driving force for the movement and division of cells and gives the cell shape and structure. Disorders in the actin cytoskeleton occur in many diseases. Deeper understanding of the regulation is essential in order to better understand these biochemical processes. In our study, we use metal-induced energy transfer (MIET) as a tool to quantitatively examine the rarely considered third dimension of the actin cytoskeleton with nanometer accuracy. In particular, we investigate the influence of different drugs acting on the ROCK pathway on the three-dimensional actin organization. We find that cells treated with inhibitors have a lower actin height to the substrate while treatment with a stimulator for the ROCK pathway increases the actin height to the substrate. This reveals the precise tuning of adhesion and cytoskeleton tension, which leads to a rich three-dimensional structural behaviour of the actin cytoskeleton. This finetuning is differentially affected by either inhibition or stimulation.

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