“Indigenizing” Bioethics: The First Center for Bioethics in Pakistan

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
AAMIR M. JAFAREY ◽  
FARHAT MOAZAM
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Moral Life ◽  
The Past ◽  
Religious Influences ◽  
American Model ◽  
The World ◽  
Anglo American

Contemporary bioethics has evolved over the past 40 years predominantly as a “Western” construct drawing fundamental inspiration for its conceptual and methodological frameworks from secular, Anglo-American philosophical traditions. American bioethicists can be credited with playing a defining role in the globalization of this new discipline to the developing countries of the world, but in this process, in the words of LaFleur, “Bioethics has become international without becoming internationalized.” Among the criticisms leveled against the dominant American model of bioethics is that in its focus on universalism it ignores local cultural and religious influences that are vital to the comprehension of the moral life in many societies. Medical sociologist Renée C. Fox and historian Judith P. Swazey have termed this as a form of “cultural myopia.”

scholarly journals The natural history of the news: An epigenetic study

Journalism ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Maxwell Hamilton ◽  
Heidi J. S. Tworek
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
News Reporting ◽  
The Past ◽  
American Model ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
Special Factors

Scholars, editors, and reporters have tended to treat news and journalism as synonymous. This conception has privileged a particular kind of journalism often called the Anglo-American model. This study argues journalism has been a type of news reporting for a relatively brief period. Using the concept of epigenetics, the authors argue that journalism is usefully seen as a coating on the DNA of news, which has existed for centuries. Journalism emerged as a result of special factors. As powerful as the Anglo-American model was, it was never fully realized, nor could it become the regnant model throughout the world. Journalism will carry on, but along with many other types of news, all of which carry coatings from the past.

The Tyranny of the Ideal

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Gaus
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Moral Life ◽  
Moral Inquiry ◽  
Open Society ◽  
The Past ◽  
Theories Of Justice ◽  
The World ◽  
Diverse Society ◽  
Just Society ◽  
The Ideal

This book lays out a vision for how we should theorize about justice in a diverse society. It shows how free and equal people, faced with intractable struggles and irreconcilable conflicts, might share a common moral life shaped by a just framework. The book argues that if we are to take diversity seriously and if moral inquiry is sincere about shaping the world, then the pursuit of idealized and perfect theories of justice—essentially, the entire production of theories of justice that has dominated political philosophy for the past forty years—needs to change. Drawing on recent work in social science and philosophy, the book points to an important paradox: only those in a heterogeneous society—with its various religious, moral, and political perspectives—have a reasonable hope of understanding what an ideally just society would be like. However, due to its very nature, this world could never be collectively devoted to any single ideal. The book defends the moral constitution of this pluralistic, open society, where the very clash and disagreement of ideals spurs all to better understand what their personal ideals of justice happen to be. Presenting an original framework for how we should think about morality, this book rigorously analyzes a theory of ideal justice more suitable for contemporary times.

Sovereignty and Developing Countries: Current Status and Future Prospects at the WTO

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-409
Author(s):  
HANS MAHNCKE
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
World Trade Organization ◽  
World Trade ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Powers

Globalization, as evidenced in increased trade, economic development, and the emergence of new global powers, has meant that the world economy has undergone significant changes over the past two decades. The World Trade Organization (WTO) is more than a potent representation of these developments, it is often seen, along with its predecessor, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), as having enabled the process of globalization. However, there are profound concerns about what lies ahead in an increasingly complex economic and regulatory setting, in particular for developing countries (DCs).

scholarly journals A comparison of rural crimes in Australia (NSW) and South Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Willie Johannes Clack
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Levels

Rural criminology as a topic of scholarly study, neglected over the past two to three decades, has bounced into the spotlight, with claims now being made that rural criminology is receiving justified attention among the academic fraternity. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the major challenge facing two countries with different levels of development as identified by the United Nations Human Development Index. A predicament for rural criminology is that the world is not equal: rural crimes is researched in developed countries but not in developing countries. This paper compares the types and prevalence of agricultural crimes in Australia (NSW) and South Africa to determine whether significant differences or similarities exist.

IMPACT OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS ON THE STATUS OF RURAL WOMEN

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (26) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Total Population ◽  
World Population ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status

Mother is a radiant nurse, an angel of mercy, a patient teacher, a watchful guardian and compassionate attorney and a fountainhead of courage. Post independence sociologists paid attention towards the women who are traditionally backward, exploited and taken as second-rate citizens. This is obstruction and hindrance in the progress and prosperity of family, community and country. The complete social structure is affected. For the rural development and reconstruction, it is necessary to understand the changing social status and role of rural women who are 48.3% of the Total population of the country. For the study of past enables us to grasp the fundamental psychology behind the present problems and attitudes that uphold or reject them due to which it has come to be what it is. We may thus be enabling to make out the cause and circumstances embedded in the past, which led to the existence and conditions and causes are sure to prove themselves of great help to us in the making up and planning of a figure. Women constitute about fifty per cent of the world population. It is estimated that by A.D. 2000, the total number of women in the world will be more than 3 billion and they will outnumber men by nearly 175 million. At the United Nations Conference in Nairobi in 1985, it was noted that they comprise 35 per cent of the world’s labor force in the sphere of employment and occupied lower positions. Further it is observed that over 60 per cent of world’s illiterates are women, mostly in the developing countries. More than 60% respondents have accepted all the factors mentioned as variables are responsible for the uplift of the status of rural women. But; it is note-worthy that more than three-fourth of the respondents have emphasized especially on urbanization, women welfare organizations and rural development programs; as the tools of uplift for the status of rural women.

Export Promotion Policies, Export Composition and Economic Development of Korea

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jai S. Mah
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Summit Meeting ◽  
Korean Government ◽  
The Past ◽  
Promotion Policies ◽  
The World ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Export Composition

Korea has achieved rapid economic development for the past few decades, raising its economic stature from one of the most impoverished countries in the world to an advanced industrial nation. Korea will host the G20 summit meeting in November 2010. What is the reason for the rapid economic development of Korea? This paper discusses the policy measures taken by the Korean government to promote exports, analyse their contribution and problems, and provide developing countries with the implications for their economic development process under the WTO system drawn from the experience of export-led economic development of Korea.

scholarly journals A Proposed Sketch of a Distance Education Model for the Enrichment of Adult Literacy in Pakistan

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Khalid Saleem ◽  
Mumtaz Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Distance Education ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Adult Literacy ◽  
Low Literacy ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Broadcast Media ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The World ◽  
Education Model

Various efforts have been made to overcome the problem of illiteracy throughout the world, particularly in the developing countries. But, none of these had valuable results. Therefore, in most of the developing countries like Pakistan, governments are concerned about handling the literacy problem effectively. The present paper was conducted in view of the poor literacy condition in Pakistan.it focused upon the analysis of existing literacy situation in Pakistan as well as finding out workable suggestions for overcoming the literacy problem. The study revealed that there was no use of broadcast media or the motivational techniques to attract the illiterate people to the literacy centers. Above all there was no consistency in the literacy programmes due to political factors. The main objectives of the study included to analyze the past literacy programmes in Pakistan and to create a distance education literacy model for Pakistan. The modern way for imparting literacy should be used rather than following the conventional methods. For this purpose a distance education model for enhancing literacy is proposed to be used in Pakistan. This is a theoretical model workable in the low literacy areas with suitable physical provisions.

scholarly journals REFLECTION IN THE FINANSIAL STATEMENTS OF INFORMATION ON CALCULATIONS WITH THE BUDGET ON TAXES AND FEES

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
American Model ◽  
The World ◽  
Additional Costs ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Tax Accounting

the article says that the complexity of tax accounting is quite high in the countries with the Anglo-American model, just below the continental one, but there is no leading country in the world where there would be no additional costs for conducting tax accounting. - Rapprochement should start from the moment the asset is capitalized. Thus, the materials can be reflected in accounting, as well as for tax purposes, at actual prices, and not at accounting. - Establish the same methods of writing off each type of property in both types of account-ing. When choosing it is worth considering that a number of methods provided in one account may not be available in the other.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS ON THE STATUS OF RURAL WOMEN

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (43) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Total Population ◽  
World Population ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status

Mother is a radiant nurse, an angel of mercy, a patient teacher, a watchful guardian and compassionate attorney and a fountainhead of courage. Post independence sociologists paid attention towards the women who are traditionally backward, exploited and taken as second-rate citizens. This is obstruction and hindrance in the progress and prosperity of family, community and country. The complete social structure is affected. For the rural development and reconstruction, it is necessary to understand the changing social status and role of rural women who are 48.3% of the Total population of the country. For the study of past enables us to grasp the fundamental psychology behind the present problems and attitudes that uphold or reject them due to which it has come to be what it is. We may thus be enabling to make out the cause and circumstances embedded in the past, which led to the existence and conditions and causes are sure to prove themselves of great help to us in the making up and planning of a figure. Women constitute about fifty per cent of the world population. It is estimated that by A.D. 2000, the total number of women in the world will be more than 3 billion and they will outnumber men by nearly 175 million. At the United Nations Conference in Nairobi in 1985, it was noted that they comprise 35 per cent of the world’s labor force in the sphere of employment and occupied lower positions. Further it is observed that over 60 per cent of world’s illiterates are women, mostly in the developing countries. More than 60% respondents have accepted all the factors mentioned as variables are responsible for the uplift of the status of rural women. But; it is note-worthy that more than three-fourth of the respondents have emphasized especially on urbanization, women welfare organizations and rural development programs; as the tools of uplift for the status of rural women.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal Aspects of Malnutrition in Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 85-96
Author(s):  
Michael Gracey
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
The Past ◽  
Infancy And Childhood ◽  
The World ◽  
Preventive Public Health ◽  
Public Health Programmes ◽  
Health Programmes

Throughout history mankind has suffered many scourges. In many parts of the world improvements in living standards, hygiene, nutrition, medical care and preventive public health programmes have made many of these infectious , diseases things of the past. However, in the so called "developing" countries, diarrhoeal diseases of infancy and childhood are still major problems which cause many millions of deaths each year (Mata, 1985).

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