Company towns and peripheral cities in the Chilean copper industry: Potrerillos and Pueblo Hundido, 1917–1940s

Urban History ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANGELA VERGARA
Keyword(s):  
Safety Valve ◽  
Copper Industry ◽  
Social Conflicts ◽  
Company Towns ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
Chilean Copper ◽  
Planned Communities ◽  
The Relationship

This article discusses the relationship between company towns and peripheral cities by looking at the evolution of two Chilean towns between 1917 and the 1940s. It argues that the construction and the regulations of company towns created acute social conflicts and economic contradictions in urban settlements located in the periphery. It also analyses how the periphery both challenged the hegemonic dreams of planned communities and became a safety valve to release tensions from the camps.

scholarly journals Boundary between Religion and Social Conflict —Perspective from the Civil Rights Movement

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Qiong Li ◽  
Jie Yang
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Civil Rights Movement ◽  
Social Conflict ◽  
Safety Valve ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Politics And Religion ◽  
Religious Factors ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Force

<em>Based on the background of American civil rights movement in which religious factors participated, this study analyzes the function of religious factors in civil rights movement from the perspective of political participation and the principle of separation of politics and religion, in order to consider the research paradigm of the relationship between religion and social conflict. It is believed that religious participation is helpful to exert the positive force of social conflict, the right of religious freedom has, to a certain extent, become the “safety valve” of social stability, and the development of religion is the embodiment of social pluralism and symbiosis.</em>

The Political Economy of Land and Urban Development

2018 ◽  
pp. 343-359
Author(s):  
Kudzanai Bvochora ◽  
Bernard Kusena
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
The World ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Many urban areas which have sprouted around the world owe their economic and social origins in growth points and market centers. Situated about 15 kilometers south-east of Harare, Epworth became one of Zimbabwe's largest peri-urban settlements due to the combined effect of demographic, political, and socioeconomic factors, among others. This chapter interrogates the various forces behind this unprecedented population growth. It demonstrates the relationship between Epworth's ballooning population and the various pull and push factors of urbanization. For example, immigration contributed immensely to this rise, although natural increase in births also contributed fairly significantly. This chapter examines the impact of population dynamics and other variables that were linked to the rapid expansion of Epworth on the overall development processes, arguing that economic and social infrastructure became conditioned by such dynamics.

scholarly journals Improving the productivity of the copper mining process in the Chilean copper industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-240
Author(s):  
Ivan Derpich ◽  
◽  
Nicole Munoz ◽  
Andrea Espinoza ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Copper Mining ◽  
Copper Industry ◽  
Chilean Copper

The Chilean Copper Smelting Industry in the Mid-Nineteenth Century: Phases of Expansion and Stagnation, 1834–58

1992 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Valenzuela
Keyword(s):  
Pure Copper ◽  
Copper Smelting ◽  
Copper Mining ◽  
Copper Industry ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Chilean Copper ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Processed Form ◽  
Copper Ores

This article looks at the beginnings and early development of the modern copper smelting industry in Chile. It analyses the factors which led to its occurrence, contrasting it with other countries where no smelting industry developed. It argues that the development of the Chilean smelting industry stimulated copper mining and reinforced the expansion of coal mining. Furthermore, it permitted the retention in the country of a larger part of the rent generated by copper mining than would have been the case had all the copper ore been exported, and was therefore an important factor in the development of the Chilean economy as a whole.Until 1879 tne Chilean copper industry was the most dynamic sector of the economy of the Republic. During the period 1844—79 it generated exports of 341 million pesos (around £64 million), or 42.3 % of the total value of the exports of the country, and contributed 29 million pesos, or almost 10% of the ordinary fiscal income, through the export duty levied.1 Most of this copper left Chile in the shape of ingots of over 99% fine (that is pure) copper, bar copper of c. 96 % fine or regulus, a semi-processed form of copper of around 50% fine; only 12.1 % left in the shape of copper ores of different types.2 The smelting and, to an even greater extent, the refining of the copper ore in Chile permitted the miners to develop a wider variety of potential markets. It also facilitated the Luis Valenzuela is a Lecturer at the Centre for Development Studies, University College of Swansea.

scholarly journals A Spiral of Distrust: A Panel Study on the Relation between Political Distrust and Protest Voting in Belgium

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Hooghe ◽  
Ruth Dassonneville
Keyword(s):  
Safety Valve ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Political Trust ◽  
Panel Analysis ◽  
Political Distrust ◽  
Dynamic Perspective ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Observation Period

Low levels of political trust are associated with a preference for protest parties. Some authors have argued that in this manner protest parties indirectly contribute to the stability of electoral democracy, functioning as a ‘safety valve’ for political discontent. In this article, we investigate the relationship between protest voting and political trust in a dynamic perspective, relying on a five-year Belgian panel study. We confirm that citizens with low levels of political trust are more likely to vote for protest parties. Additionally, we point out that decreasing levels of trust significantly increase the probability of voting for a protest party, even controlling for absolute levels of trust. Most importantly, having voted for a protest party in 2009 is linked to a subsequent further drop in political trust during the 2009–14 observation period. The panel analysis suggests that distrust and protest voting reinforce one another, leading to a potential spiral of distrust.

scholarly journals Polityka wobec zabijania ludzi w konfliktach społecznych. Wykład teoretyczno-metodologiczny

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 154-170
Author(s):  
Andrzej Czajowski
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Conflicts ◽  
Natural Death ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Nature And Culture ◽  
The One ◽  
Time Kill ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Two Sides

Politica towards killing people in social conflicts. Theoretical-methodological lectureThere are two sides of life: its continuation to natural death and premature annihilation. These two processes occur in parallel, subjecting to nature and culture. This means that human life, regardless of natural condi­tions, depends in some respects on tradition and politica politics and policy. People primarily protect life, but at the same time kill people and prevent killing in order to meet a number of needs. Often the cause of killing is the clash of those aims and then the killing is used to settle conflicts. Politica has a contradictory role in killing people: on the one hand counteracts this phenomenon, and on the other hand favors. De­pending on the relationship between politica and killing, we differentiate killing politica, politica facilitating killing, anti-killing politica and non-killing politica.The nature and implications of politica involvement in killing of people in conflicts depend on the nature of the conflict. Another is the relation of politica to this phenomenon when the conflict is non-political and the other when it is political.Politica — from its advent to our modern times — is transformed into: apparently killing and encouraging killing, giving way to ever more visible counteracting killing and non-killing.

scholarly journals SPACE CONFIGURATION AS AN ADAPTATION ELEMENT OF MADURESE MIGRANT URBAN SETTLEMENTS IN MALANG

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-196
Author(s):  
Damayanti Asikin ◽  
Antariksa ◽  
Lisa Dwi Wulandari ◽  
Wara Indira Rukmi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Environment ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Environment And Behavior ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Topographical Factors ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Descriptive Method

Humans interacting with their physical and social environments always try to adapt individually or in groups. In the adaptation process, a space dynamic will occur and cause space changes. Adaptation elements include the physical environment, socio-cultural environment, and behavior. Interaction among the adaptation elements will form changes to space configuration. Kotalama is the largest Madurese migrant settlement in Malang and was established in the 1950s. Research on space configuration was conducted to study the adaptation elements in the interaction process of the migrants and their environment. The research used a qualitative, descriptive method and inductive analysis to gain insights on the relationship to dwellings on Madura Island. Data were collected through observations of dwelling space configuration. In addition, in-depth interviews with key informants were held. The results show that the space configuration of dwellings in Kotalama contain elements of adaptation and interaction between the migrants and their environment. These elements relate to Madurese ethnic identity, which are influenced by local topographical factors and limited by the size of the settlement area.

scholarly journals Unplanned Settlement Enclave Amidst Private City Developments

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 723-729
Author(s):  
Edi Purwanto ◽  
Rachman Sjarief ◽  
Anil Dawan ◽  
Issa Samichat Ismail Tafridj ◽  
Mochammad Veldian Ardana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Bonding Social Capital ◽  
Shared Identity ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Depth Interviews

The purpose of this research is to discover the factors which create the bonding social capital strengthening the relationship amongst Lengkong Kyai residents, Tangerang Regency, Banten, Indonesia. This research employs the qualitative method by triangulating primary data collected from in-depth interviews with local community leaders and public figures, field observation, and secondary data in the form of video recording, journalistic publications, and scientific journals from previous researches. The result shows that historical legacy, maintenance strategy, implantation of cultural, religious, and spiritual beliefs values, shared identity, as well as a relationship based on mutual trust are the factors contributing to the bonding social capital amongst Lengkong Kyai Residents. The novelty of this research is pointing out that policymakers, developers, even capitalist-oriented academicians often neglect the existence of bonding social capital in the development of urban settlements. This neglect often creates tension between kampong enclave’s residents and housing developers. Coexisting and mutual respect becomes important in building bridging and linking social capital between kampong residents, housing developers, local government, and private city dwellers.

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