Short-term residential care for dementia patients: predictors for utilization and expected quality from a family caregiver's point of view

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 703-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolin Donath ◽  
Angelika Winkler ◽  
Elmar Gräßel
Keyword(s):  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Residential Care ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dementia Patients

ABSTRACTBackground: Short-term residential care (SRC) has proved to be effective in reducing the burden on family caregivers of dementia patients. Nevertheless, little is known about the factors which influence its usage or the expectations of family caregivers regarding quality. In this paper we address the following questions: (i) which variables of the care situation, the caregivers and their attitudes act as predictors for the utilization of SRC facilities? (ii) What are the views of caregivers about the quality of SRC?Methods: The cross-sectional study was carried out as an anonymous written survey of family caregivers of dementia patients in four regions of Germany. With a 20% response it was possible to analyze the quantitative and qualitative data from 404 and 254 family caregivers respectively. Predictors for utilization were evaluated using binary logistic regression analysis. The answers to questions of quality were evaluated using qualitative content analysis.Results: Significant predictors for the utilization of SRC are the assessment of the helpfulness of SRC and the caregiver's knowledge of the accessibility of SRC facilities. Family caregivers who had already used SRC most frequently expressed the wish for “good care” in SRC facilities, followed by a program of suitable activities for dementia patients.Conclusions: In order to increase the rate of utilization, family caregivers must be convinced of the relevant advantages of using SRC facilities. The staff should be trained in caring for dementia patients and appropriate activities should be available.

MO376CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY FOLLOWING SNAKE BITE INJURIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weerakit Naweera ◽  
Thapat Wannarong
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Renal Recovery ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hospital Arrival ◽  
Russell’S Viper

Abstract Background and Aims Snakebite is a common animal bite injury in tropical countries. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an important complication in snakebite patients. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the clinical profiles and outcomes of patients following hematotoxin-related snakebite associated with kidney impairment. Method We conducted a hospital-based, cross-sectional study of 238 patients with hematotoxin-related snakebite injuries. Data were retrieved from the King Narai Hospital Registry from October 2014 to August 2020. The prevalence of complications associated with snakebite injuries, including acute kidney injury (AKI) and its severity, was determined. Univariate and Multivariate predictors of AKI diagnosis were evaluated using binary logistic regression analysis Results A total of 238 patients, with 63.4% men, median (IQR) age 49.8 (39-61) years and median duration from injury to a hospital arrival of 1 hour (0.5-2) hours, were injured by Green pit viper (85.7%), Russell’s viper (12.6%) and Malayan pit viper (1.7%). AKI mostly occurred in Russell’s viper group 66.7%. An AKI was reported in thirty (12.6%, 95% CI: 8.7 % - 17.5%) patients, with the severity of 66.7% stage one, 6.7% stage two, 26.6% stage three by KDIGO classifications, and 13.3% requiring hemodialysis. Complete renal recovery was seen in twenty-two patients (73.3%), while partial renal recovery was 23.3%. Other complications included 84.4 % limb cellulitis, 4.6% significantly bleeding, 2.5% hypotension, 25.6% prolonged venous clotting time (VCT), 46.7% prolonged prothrombin time (PT), and 14.3% prolonged partial thromboplastin time (PTT). Of total patients, 60.1% were treated with anti-venom. Mortality was relatively low (0.4%). In multivariable logistic regression analyses, AKI was significantly associated with time to hospital arrival more than 3 hours (p = 0.04), Russell’s viper bitten (p = 0.01), clinical bleeding (p = 0.01), and prolonged PT (p < 0.01). Conclusion The prevalence of AKI in patients bitten by hematotoxin snakes was 12.6%, mostly from Russell’s viper. Factors associated with AKI outcomes were time to hospital arrival more than 3 hours, Russell’s viper bitten, clinical bleeding, and prolonged PT. Besides, one-fourth of AKI patients turned to chronic kidney disease.

scholarly journals The Uptake and Vaccination Willingness of COVID-19 Vaccine among Chinese Residents: Web-Based Online Cross-Sectional Study

Vaccines ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Yi Kong ◽  
Hao Jiang ◽  
Zhisheng Liu ◽  
Yi Guo ◽  
Dehua Hu
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Health ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Level

Objective: To investigate the uptake and vaccination willingness of the COVID-19 vaccine among Chinese residents and analyze the difference and factors that impact vaccination. Methods: The snowball sampling method was used to distribute online questionnaires. Relevant sociodemographic data along with the circumstances of COVID-19 vaccination were collected from the respondents. The χ2 test, independent samples t test and binary logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: Among 786 respondents, 84.22% had been vaccinated. Over 80% of the vaccinated population have completed all the injections because of supporting the national vaccination policies of China, while the unvaccinated population (23.91%) is mainly due to personal health status. Meanwhile, statistical analysis revealed that the main predictors of not being vaccinated were younger age (3 to 18 years old), personal health status, and lower vaccinated proportion of family members and close friends (p < 0.05). Conclusions: There was a high level of uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine in China, and people who have not been vaccinated generally had a low willingness to vaccinate in the future. Based on our results, it suggested the next work to expand the coverage of the COVID-19 vaccination should be concentrated on targeted publicity and education for people who have not been vaccinated.

scholarly journals Critical Incident Disclosing Behaviors and Associated Factors among Nurses Working in Amhara Region Referral Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Yeshiambew Eshete ◽  
Bekele Tesfaye ◽  
Zewdu Dagnew ◽  
Demewoz Kefale ◽  
Demke Mesfin Belay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Critical Incident ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Referral Hospitals ◽  
Administrative Sanctions ◽  
Significant Factors

Background. Though the goal of healthcare institutions is patient safety, errors have been committed by healthcare providers. Incident reporting behavior enhances patient safety by reducing the repeated occurrence of errors in the health facility. Therefore, this study aims to identify incident disclosing behaviors and associated factors among nurses working in referral hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods. Institution-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among randomly selected 319 nurses working in referral hospitals of Amhara region from March 1–30, 2019. Data were collected using a self-administered structured questionnaire. Data were coded and entered into EpiData 4.2 software and exported to Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25 for analysis. All variables with p value <0.25 during bivariable binary logistic regression analysis were considered for multivariable binary logistic regression analysis. Odds ratio along with 95% CI was estimated to measure the strength of the association. Level of statistical significance was declared at p value ≤0.05. Results. The proportion of nurses who reported incidents was 31.9% (95% confidence interval (CI), 27, 3)). Fear of administrative sanctions (adjusted odd ratio (AOR) = 0.45; 95% CI, 0.22, 0.90), fear of legal penalty (AOR = 0.27; 95% CI, 0.14, 0.50), lack of feedback (AOR = 0.29; 95% CI, 0.13, 0.66), nonsupportive environment (AOR = 0.27; 95% CI, 0.14, 0.52), and feel that reporting to colleague is easier (AOR = 2.65; 95% CI, 1.35, 5.20) were all found to be significant factors. Conclusions. The proportion of nurses who reported incidents was low. Fear of administrative sanctions, fear of legal penalty, lack of feedback, nonsupportive environment, and felling that reporting to colleagues was easier are found to be significant factors. Developing a system that encourages critical incident reporting behavior and provide protection from penalties for nurses to report incidents for the enhancement of patient safety and quality of care at each health facility and regional level is crucial.

scholarly journals Spexin Levels are Associated with Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Zhu ◽  
Hangping Zheng ◽  
Yaojing Jiang ◽  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Bin Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Antinociceptive Effect ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: Spexin is implicated in multiple functions of energy metabolism and glucose homeostasis regulation. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the most common complication of diabetes and approximately half of the patients with DPN suffer from neuropathic pain. Recent experimental studies in mice have shown that Spexin has an antinociceptive effect, but there are no relevant reports in clinical studies. This study aimed to evaluate Spexin levels in people with painful DPN and controls and assess the correlation between serum Spexin levels and painful DPN.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study including 20 patients with diabetes but without DPN (non-DPN) as a control group, 24 patients with painless DPN, and 16 patients with painful DPN. Questionnaires and laboratory surveys were conducted to collect demographic and clinical data. The existence and severity of DPN were assessed using neurological symptom score, neurological examination, and electromyography. Serum Spexin levels were measured by ELISA. Results: Serum Spexin levels of patients with painful DPN were significantly lower than those of non-DPN patients (p<0.001) and painless DPN patients (p=0.035). Serum Spexin levels were negatively correlated with neuropathic pain score. Compared with individuals with higher levels of Spexin, the prevalence rate of painful DPN in those with lower levels of Spexin was significantly higher. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratios for painful DPN were significantly elevated along with decreasing Spexin levels even after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, diabetes duration, HbA1c, 2hPBG, hypertension and smoking or drinking status. serum Spexin levels have a sensitivity of 84.1% and a specificity of 56.2% for predicting painful DPN.Conclusions: Decreased serum Spexin levels were strongly associated with painful DPN, suggesting a possible role of this peptide in pain-related pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Prevalence and determinants of malnutrition among under-five children in Lusaka urban, Zambia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Emmanuel M. Musenge ◽  
Sophia Tembo ◽  
Mutinta Hankwebe ◽  
Ndonia Kahinga ◽  
Ovy Mushibwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Simple Random Sample ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
The Mean

Background: Malnutrition is a severe and persisting cause of morbidity and mortality among under-five children in Zambia. We assessed malnutrition and its determinants among under-five children in Lusaka urban, Zambia.  Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Chawama, Kabwata, Chilenje and Mtendere urban clinics in Lusaka. A simple random sample of 384 under-five children were selected between February and March 2015. A structured interview schedule was used to collect data on demographic characteristics, determinants of malnutrition and anthropometric measurements. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was carried out using IBM® SPSS® Statistics for Windows Version 20.0 to identify determinants of malnutrition while adjusting for confounders.  Results: Of the 384 under-five children, most (51.8%) of them were male and the mean (SD) age was 13.83±10.17 months. The zH/A; zW/H; and zW/A was 68.5% and 31.5%; 95.6% and 4.4%; and 86.2% and 13.8% for normal and stunted; normal and wasted; and normal and underweight respectively. Majority (77.1%) of the children had MUAC > 12.5 cm, 16.9% had 11.5 – 12.5 cm and 6.0% had < 11.5 cm. Mother’s good nutritional practices (OR 0.50, 95% CI: 0.27 – 0.95) and MUAC > 12.5 cm (OR 0.10, 95% CI: 0.01 – 0.94; OR 0.01, 0.00 – 0.10; and OR 0.4, 0.01 – 0.19) were statistically significantly associated with stunting, wasting and underweight respectively.  Conclusion: We established varied levels of stunting, wasting and underweight and mother’s nutritional practices and MUAC predicted these levels. More information, education and communication messages to the mothers and caretakers with regard to nutritional practices are needed so that under-nutrition can be improved, to ensure healthy living for mothers, care takers and under-five children.    

scholarly journals Work, Stress, and Diurnal Bruxism: A Pilot Study among Information Technology Professionals in Bangalore City, India

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Rao ◽  
M. Bhat ◽  
J. David
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Work Stress ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
It Professionals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bangalore City

The study assessed the prevalence of diurnal bruxism among information technology (IT) professionals and explored plausible predictors associated with the parafunctional habit. A cross-sectional study was designed and IT professionals were invited to participate. The inclusion criteria composed of participants in service for at least one year, having natural dentition, no history of cervical or facial injury and not undergoing orthodontic therapy. The participants () were interviewed by a trained interviewer to record information. A pre-tested questionnaire that included questions related to work, stress symptoms and diurnal bruxism was completed by each participant. The prevalence of self-reported diurnal bruxism was 59%. Bivariate analyses revealed that work () and work experience () were significantly associated with self-reported diurnal bruxism. In the binary logistic regression analysis stress (Odds Ratio [OR] , 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 2.6–13.3) was identified to be a strong predictor of diurnal bruxism. Professionals with 11 or more years of experience were less likely to report diurnal bruxism (, 95% CI 0.00–0.43) than those with 1 to 5 years of work experience. The study revealed that stress and less work experience were associated with diurnal bruxism among IT professionals in Bangalore city.

Social capital and health and job related outcomes: the case of a large municipality

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann-Kristina Løkke
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Employee Survey ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Large Municipality

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between workplace social capital and health and job related outcomes in a large Danish municipality. Design/methodology/approach – Data used in this cross-sectional study are based on an electronic employee survey conducted in 2012 in a large municipality. Of the total population of 5,672 individuals, the number of participants amounted to 4,162, leading to a response rate of 73.4 percent. Binary logistic regression analysis is used as a statistical method, and odds ratios and their corresponding 95 percent confidence intervals have been estimated. Findings – The level of social capital is fairly high in the municipality (3.75 on a five-point scale). Social capital is related to health (OR=0.420) and psychological distress (OR=0.282) but has an even stronger relationship to job satisfaction and commitment (OR is 9.889 and 7.800, respectively). The study contributes with the conclusion that different sub-dimensions of social capital are related to health and job related outcomes. Therefore, managers need to be specific about what exactly they want to achieve with the implementation of social capital in municipalities. Originality/value – Research of the relationship between social capital and health and job related outcomes based on a case study approach of a municipality are limited. This paper makes an original contribution in providing evidence of the importance of social capital for Danish municipal sector employees’ health, job satisfaction, and commitment in a work context.

scholarly journals AB0896-HPR THE EVALUATION OF TYPE D PERSONALITY AND SELF-ESTEEM IN PATIENTS WITH FIBROMYALGIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1471.2-1472
Author(s):  
N. Gokcen ◽  
I. Coskun Benlidayi ◽  
L. Tamam ◽  
M. E. Demirkol ◽  
C. Yesiloglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Type D Personality ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Type D

Background:Fibromyalgia (FM) is a condition characterized by chronic widespread pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances. Etiopathogenesis remains unclear; however, growing data regarding the effect of psychosocial factors on disease etiopathogenesis have drawn attention. Psychosocial elements such as type D personality and low level of self-esteem might increase disease burden (1). Accordingly, many researchers so far, have examined psychological parameters in FM and a limited number of studies focused on the personality type among patients with FM (2-5).Objectives:The current study aimed to investigate type D personality and self-esteem in patients with FM.Methods:Female patients with fibromyalgia and age-matched healthy controls were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Type D personality was evaluated by using the type D scale (DS-14). The Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSES) was used to assess self-esteem and psychosomatic symptoms. Psychological status was evaluated by the Beck Depression and Beck Anxiety Inventories. Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) was performed to assess functional impairment and health status in patients with FM. The potential confounders of type D personality were evaluated by binary logistic regression analysis.Results:Seventy patients with FM and 60 controls were included. Type D personality was observed in 58.6% of the patients and in 21.7% of the control group (p<0.001). When compared to patients with non-type D personality, those with type D personality revealed lower self-esteem and poorer health status (p<0.05 for both), higher anxiety and depression scores (p<0.001 for both). According to binary logistic regression analysis, depression (β=1.178, Cl 95% 1.055−1.316, p=0.004) and lower education level (β=0.818, Cl 95% 0.682−0.982, p=0.031) were significantly related to type D personality in FM (Table 1).Conclusion:Type D personality is more common in female patients with FM when compared to healthy women. Patients with type D personality have lower level of self-esteem when compared to those with non-type D personality. Depression and lower education level are potential confounders of type D personality in FM.References:[1]Bazzichi L, Giacomelli C, Consensi A, Giorgi V, Batticciotto A, Di Franco M, Sarzi-Puttini P (2020) One year in review 2020: fibromyalgia. Clin Exp Rheumatol 38 Suppl 123(1):3-8.[2]Conversano C, Marchi L, Ciacchini R, Carmassi C, Contena B, Bazzichi LM, Gemignani A (2018) Personality Traits in Fibromyalgia (FM): Does FM Personality Exists? A Systematic Review. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 14:263.[3]Türkoğlu G, Selvi Y (2020) The relationship between chronotype, sleep disturbance, severity of fibromyalgia, and quality of life in patients with fibromyalgia. Chronobiol Int 37(1):68-81.[4]Garip Y, Güler T, Bozkurt Tuncer Ö, Önen S (2019) Type D Personality is Associated With Disease Severity and Poor Quality of Life in Turkish Patients With Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study. Arch Rheumatol 35(1):13-19.[5]Ablin JN, Zohar AH, Zaraya-Blum R, Buskila D (2016) Distinctive personality profiles of fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome patients. PeerJ 4:e2421.Table 1.Binary logistic regression analysis for the evaluation of potential confounders of type D personality in patients with fibromyalgia.WaldSEβ (95%CI)pEducation (years)4.6640.0930.818 (0.682−0.982)0.031Occupation duration (years)0.1160.0371.013 (0.942−1.089)0.733Self-esteem scale (D1)0.3690.4230.774 (0.338−1.771)0.544BDI8.4460.0561.178 (1.055−1.316)0.004BAI0.7890.0321.029 (0.966−1.095)0.374BDI: Beck Depression Inventory, BAI: Beck Anxiety Inventory, SE: standard error, CI: confidence intervalDisclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Elementary school enrolment and its determinants among children with cerebral palsy in Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala, India

2013 ◽  
Vol 04 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S40-S44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thekkumkara Surendran Nair Anish ◽  
Reshmi Ramachandran ◽  
P Sivaram ◽  
Seetha Mohandas ◽  
Archana Sasidharan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Enrollment ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy

ABSTRACT Context: There is enough documented evidence to prove the benefits of early and appropriate initiation of education among children with cerebral palsy (CP). Aim: To find out the proportion of children with CP who are enrolled for some kind of formal education and to study the determinants of the same. Setting and Design: This cross sectional study was done among children, attending the special clinics at government medical college, Thiruvananthapuram. Materials and Methods: Children between 3 and 12 years of age diagnosed with CP were subjects for the study. Statistical Analysis Used: Enrollment for any form of formal education was the major outcome variable. The factors associated with initiation of formal education were tested using Chi-square test or Fischer′s exact test. Independent association of each factor was evaluated through binary logistic Regression analysis. Results and Conclusions: The mean (SD) age of the children (n = 86) was 5.7 (2.3) years with forty-six (53.5%) of them being girls. Diplegia was the commonest limb abnormality found. Fifty-two (60.5%) children were undergoing some kind of schooling. Those children who were less dependent physically and those who had achieved better language development were regular school goers. After binary logistic regression the ability of a child to speak in sentences (P = 0.008) and ambulatory level of the child (P = 0.019) were factors which favored, whereas delay in attaining the adaptive developmental milestone of transferring objects from one hand to another (P = 0.014) was found to be detrimental for school enrollment.

scholarly journals Correlation of Lipid Ratios With the Severity of Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Yan ◽  
Yujuan Gao ◽  
Qi Zhao ◽  
Xiaohua Qiu ◽  
Mi Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lipid Ratios ◽  
Alveolar Proteinosis

Background: Lipids are known to accumulate abnormally in the alveoli and circulate during pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP). However, the relationship between lipid ratios and PAP is not clear. In this study, we investigated the lipid ratios in PAP patients and explored the relationships between lipid ratios and the severity of PAP.Methods: A total of 122 PAP patients were diagnosed and divided the mild- moderate PAP group (n = 61) and the severe PAP group (n = 61) according to the value of disease severity score (DSS). One hundred thirty healthy volunteers were classified as the control group. Routine blood examination and pulmonary function tests were performed and lipid profile were measured.Results: Compared with the control group, patients with PAP had significantly higher TG, TC/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, and non-HDL-C, while lower HDL-C (all P &lt; 0.05). Patients with the severe PAP had higher TC, TG, LDL-C, TC/HDL-C, and non-HDL-C, while lower HDL-C than patients with the mild- moderate PAP (all P &lt; 0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that TC/HDL-C (OR = 2.322, 95% CI 1.621–3.713, P = 0.024) and non-HDL-C (OR = 1.797, 95% CI 1.239–3.109, P = 0.036) were all significantly correlated with the severity of PAP after adjustment for other risk factors. The AUC value of TC/HDL-C for predicting the severity of PAP was larger than that of non-HDL-C. The AUROC for TC/HDL-C was 0.741 (0.654–0.828), and the optimal cut-off point for TC/HDL-C was 5.05 (sensitivity: 73.6%, specificity: 68.1%).Conclusions: Lipid ratios, including TC-HDL-C and non-HDL-C, were independent risk factors for the severity of PAP. TC/HDL-C is a promising biomarker for the severity of PAP.

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